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Questions and Answers
What type of body would not be considered a 'State' under Article 12 of the Constitution?
What type of body would not be considered a 'State' under Article 12 of the Constitution?
- A body created by the government and financially, functionally, and administratively independent
- A body created by a statute and financially dominated by the government
- A body created by non-governmental entities
- A body created by a statute but not financially, functionally, or administratively dominated by the government (correct)
Which of the following is considered a 'local authority' according to Article 12 of the Constitution?
Which of the following is considered a 'local authority' according to Article 12 of the Constitution?
- A non-profit organization working for local welfare
- A statutory body constituted for local development with autonomy and popular representation (correct)
- A private company operating in a local area
- A governmental department managing local resources
In the context of Article 13, which principles relating to fundamental rights are mentioned?
In the context of Article 13, which principles relating to fundamental rights are mentioned?
- Four principles relating to civil rights
- Four principles relating to right to education
- Four principles relating to social rights
- Four principles relating to right to equality (correct)
What is the defining characteristic of a 'local authority' according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of a 'local authority' according to the text?
Which type of body would not be classified as a 'local authority' based on the discussion in the text?
Which type of body would not be classified as a 'local authority' based on the discussion in the text?
What distinguishes a body that can be considered a 'State' under Article 12 from one that cannot?
What distinguishes a body that can be considered a 'State' under Article 12 from one that cannot?
What was the conclusion reached in the case of Ajay Hasia regarding the status of a non-statutory body?
What was the conclusion reached in the case of Ajay Hasia regarding the status of a non-statutory body?
What role did the State and Central Governments play in the functioning of the college mentioned in Ajay Hasia?
What role did the State and Central Governments play in the functioning of the college mentioned in Ajay Hasia?
According to the Supreme Court in Ajay Hasia, what indicates that a body is an instrumentality of the government?
According to the Supreme Court in Ajay Hasia, what indicates that a body is an instrumentality of the government?
In what context did Ajay Hasia initiate a new judicial trend?
In what context did Ajay Hasia initiate a new judicial trend?
What did Ajay Hasia establish regarding the concept of 'instrumentality or agency of the government'?
What did Ajay Hasia establish regarding the concept of 'instrumentality or agency of the government'?
What was significant about having nominees of the State and Central Governments as members of the society in Ajay Hasia?
What was significant about having nominees of the State and Central Governments as members of the society in Ajay Hasia?
Which legal case rejected the interpretation based on ejusdem generis, leading to a liberal interpretation of the term?
Which legal case rejected the interpretation based on ejusdem generis, leading to a liberal interpretation of the term?
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that a State electricity board, set up by a statute, would be considered an 'authority' under Article 12?
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that a State electricity board, set up by a statute, would be considered an 'authority' under Article 12?
Which of the following statutory bodies were held to be 'authorities' and fell within the term 'state' in Art. 12 in the case of Sukhdev v. Bhagatram?
Which of the following statutory bodies were held to be 'authorities' and fell within the term 'state' in Art. 12 in the case of Sukhdev v. Bhagatram?
Which case considered thoroughly whether a statutory body like the International Airport Authority could be regarded as an 'authority'?
Which case considered thoroughly whether a statutory body like the International Airport Authority could be regarded as an 'authority'?
What general proposition did the Supreme Court develop regarding bodies considered as 'instrumentalities' or 'agencies' of the government?
What general proposition did the Supreme Court develop regarding bodies considered as 'instrumentalities' or 'agencies' of the government?
In determining whether a body could be regarded as an instrumentality or not, what tests did the Supreme Court lay down?
In determining whether a body could be regarded as an instrumentality or not, what tests did the Supreme Court lay down?
