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What kind of commercial airport receives a greater allocation of federal funding?
What kind of commercial airport receives a greater allocation of federal funding?
Large hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
Large hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
Medium hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
Medium hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
Small hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
Small hub airports serve at least what percent of total US passengers a year?
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What are public-use airports that do not have scheduled service or have fewer than 2,500 annual passenger enplanements?
What are public-use airports that do not have scheduled service or have fewer than 2,500 annual passenger enplanements?
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What are the largest subcategory of airports in the United States?
What are the largest subcategory of airports in the United States?
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What type of GA airport is located in metropolitan areas near major business centers and support flying throughout the nation and the world?
What type of GA airport is located in metropolitan areas near major business centers and support flying throughout the nation and the world?
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What type of GA airports are located in metropolitan areas in 49 states and serve relatively large populations and support both interstate and intrastate flying?
What type of GA airports are located in metropolitan areas in 49 states and serve relatively large populations and support both interstate and intrastate flying?
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What type of GA airport accolades flight training, emergency services, and charter passenger service?
What type of GA airport accolades flight training, emergency services, and charter passenger service?
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What type of airport often have just one runway, helipad, or seaplane lane?
What type of airport often have just one runway, helipad, or seaplane lane?
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What is an airport owned by the Department of Defense, at which both military and civilian aircraft make shared use of the airfield?
What is an airport owned by the Department of Defense, at which both military and civilian aircraft make shared use of the airfield?
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What is a U.S. government-owned airport that is co-located with a civil airport specified under, and at which, portions of the movement areas and safety areas are shared by both parties?
What is a U.S. government-owned airport that is co-located with a civil airport specified under, and at which, portions of the movement areas and safety areas are shared by both parties?
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Cargo Service Airports have a landed weight of more than what?
Cargo Service Airports have a landed weight of more than what?
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What governs flight operations throughout the world?
What governs flight operations throughout the world?
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What uses commercial air transportation to move cargo or people but does not own or control the aircraft?
What uses commercial air transportation to move cargo or people but does not own or control the aircraft?
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Under Title 14 CFR Part 91.103, what must each pilot in command do during pre-flight?
Under Title 14 CFR Part 91.103, what must each pilot in command do during pre-flight?
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What checks the weather at the point of departure, enroute, and the arrival airports, and references applicable Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMS)?
What checks the weather at the point of departure, enroute, and the arrival airports, and references applicable Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMS)?
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Who has the final level of responsibility for the flight's safety and security?
Who has the final level of responsibility for the flight's safety and security?
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What type of flying uses navigation based mainly on ground reference points such as seeing a water tower with the local town's name or other known features that pilots could identify from the air?
What type of flying uses navigation based mainly on ground reference points such as seeing a water tower with the local town's name or other known features that pilots could identify from the air?
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Pilots typically can operate under Visual Flight Rules when under what height of Mean Sea Level?
Pilots typically can operate under Visual Flight Rules when under what height of Mean Sea Level?
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What informs the FAA of the pilot's identity, the type of plane, the number of people on board, the point of departure and intended arrival, and the estimated time of arrival?
What informs the FAA of the pilot's identity, the type of plane, the number of people on board, the point of departure and intended arrival, and the estimated time of arrival?
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What identifies the airport, related weather, navigational and communication frequencies, navigational aids, light patterns of cities at night, terrain features, obstructions and airspace information?
What identifies the airport, related weather, navigational and communication frequencies, navigational aids, light patterns of cities at night, terrain features, obstructions and airspace information?
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Low Altitude En Route is used for operations under what height?
Low Altitude En Route is used for operations under what height?
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What are airways below 18,000 feet MSL?
What are airways below 18,000 feet MSL?
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What are airways above 18,000 feet MSL?
What are airways above 18,000 feet MSL?
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What are the specialized procedures pilots use to depart from and arrive at an airport, along with the instrument approaches?
What are the specialized procedures pilots use to depart from and arrive at an airport, along with the instrument approaches?
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An approach to a runway is conducted under one of what two methods?
An approach to a runway is conducted under one of what two methods?
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What is a government branch that operates as a business?
What is a government branch that operates as a business?
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Airports that are unable to be self-sustainable will be partially funded by what?
Airports that are unable to be self-sustainable will be partially funded by what?
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What is the most common form of airport sponsorship?
What is the most common form of airport sponsorship?
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What is the term for shifting a traditional government responsibility to the control of a private enterprise?
What is the term for shifting a traditional government responsibility to the control of a private enterprise?
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What transfers the federal obligation and the responsibility for the operation, management, and development of an airport from a public sponsor to a private sponsor?
What transfers the federal obligation and the responsibility for the operation, management, and development of an airport from a public sponsor to a private sponsor?
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Can a municipality sell or lease a public airport to a private airport operator without applying for the Airport Investment Partnership Program?
Can a municipality sell or lease a public airport to a private airport operator without applying for the Airport Investment Partnership Program?
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What is management's primary duty in any situation at an airport?
What is management's primary duty in any situation at an airport?
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What includes managing the budget, human resources, procurement, public relations and air service development?
What includes managing the budget, human resources, procurement, public relations and air service development?
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What addresses the areas of capital improvement plans?
What addresses the areas of capital improvement plans?
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What addresses the areas of enforcing both safety and security regulations on the airfield and the airport’s landside and terminal areas?
What addresses the areas of enforcing both safety and security regulations on the airfield and the airport’s landside and terminal areas?
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What typically addresses the areas of marketing for airport services and properties, publicity and response to issues?
What typically addresses the areas of marketing for airport services and properties, publicity and response to issues?
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What is commonly issued when an independent agency of the government desires to add, change or remove a regulation?
What is commonly issued when an independent agency of the government desires to add, change or remove a regulation?
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What charged the Secretary of Commerce with fostering air commerce, issuing and enforcing air traffic rules, licensing pilots, certifying aircraft, establishing airways, and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation?
What charged the Secretary of Commerce with fostering air commerce, issuing and enforcing air traffic rules, licensing pilots, certifying aircraft, establishing airways, and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation?
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Study Notes
Federal Funding and Airport Hubs
- Large hub airports receive a greater allocation of federal funding due to high passenger volumes.
- Large hub airports serve at least 1% of total U.S. passengers annually.
- Medium hub airports serve at least 0.25% of total U.S. passengers annually.
- Small hub airports serve at least 0.05% of total U.S. passengers annually.
Public-Use and General Aviation Airports
- Public-use airports without scheduled service or fewer than 2,500 annual passenger enplanements are classified as general aviation airports (GA).
- The largest subcategory of airports in the United States is general aviation airports.
Types of General Aviation Airports
- Commercial service airports are located in metropolitan areas near major business centers and support nationwide and global flying.
- GA airports serving relatively large populations and providing interstate and intrastate flying are found in metropolitan areas of 49 states.
- GA airports supporting flight training, emergency services, and charter passenger service are termed as community airports.
- Airports with just one runway, helipad, or seaplane lane are classified as reliever airports.
Military and Government Airports
- An airport owned by the Department of Defense allows shared use by military and civilian aircraft.
- A U.S. government-owned airport co-located with a civil airport has shared movement and safety areas for both military and civilian operations.
Cargo and Regulatory Framework
- Cargo Service Airports have a landed weight exceeding 100 million pounds.
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) governs flight operations globally.
- Air carriers use commercial air transportation to move cargo or people without owning or controlling the aircraft.
Pilot Responsibilities and Regulations
- Pilots in command must complete a pre-flight assessment as stipulated under Title 14 CFR Part 91.103.
- Pilots check weather conditions at departure, en route, and arrival airports, referencing Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMs).
- The pilot in command bears final responsibility for the flight's safety and security.
Navigation and Flight Rules
- Visual Flight Rules (VFR) typically apply when flying under 3,000 feet Mean Sea Level (MSL).
- Flight plans inform the FAA of important flight details, including pilot identity, aircraft type, passenger count, departure point, intended arrival, and estimated time of arrival.
- Navigation details include identification of airports, weather, frequencies, aids, light patterns, terrain, and airspace information.
Airways and Procedures
- Low Altitude En Route operations occur under 18,000 feet MSL.
- Air traffic routes below 18,000 feet MSL refer to low altitude airways.
- Air routes above 18,000 feet MSL are classified as high altitude airways.
- Standardized procedures are established for pilots on airport departures, arrivals, and instrument approaches.
- Runway approaches can be conducted under visual or instrument methods.
Airport Management and Funding
- A government branch operating as a business typically entails oversight of public or private airport operations.
- Airports struggling to be self-sustainable receive partial funding through federal assistance.
- The most common form of airport sponsorship is through municipal ownership.
- Shifting government responsibilities to private enterprises is known as privatization.
- Transference of federal obligations for airport management occurs under the Airport Investment Partnership Program (AIPP).
Management Functions at Airports
- Management's primary duty encompasses ensuring operational safety and security at the airport.
- Responsibilities include budget management, human resources, procurement, public relations, and air service development.
- Capital improvement plans outline airport enhancement initiatives.
- Safety and security regulations are enforced on airfields and terminal areas.
- Marketing and publicity strategies address airport services and manage public relations issues.
Regulatory Changes and Historical Context
- Regulatory changes by independent government agencies are typically announced through notices or bulletins.
- The Air Commerce Act charged the Secretary of Commerce with the responsibility for promoting air commerce, enforcing traffic rules, licensing pilots, certifying aircraft, and managing navigation aids.
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