Airport & Airways

Preliminary Term Module 2

• This module covers facilities and equipment at airports, ATO and CAAP airport classifications, airport wind direction indicators, and airport signs.

Module Learning Outcomes

• Explain airport facilities for optimal traveler service satisfaction.
• Demonstrate airport ground equipment.
• Identify airport facilities and equipment types.
• Differentiate between airport classifications.
• Identify various wind indicators and airport signs.

Airport Facilities: Pasalubong Shops

• Mactan-Cebu International Airport terminals offer ideal transit and shopping locations.
• Souvenir and pasalubong items are widely available at the pre-departure area.

Airport Facilities: Check-in Counter

• Passenger traffic at the check-in counters is increasing annually.

Airport Facilities: Passenger Boarding Bridge

• The airport prioritizes high-quality service to passengers.
• provide comfort and convenience.

Airport Facilities: Baggage X-Ray Machine

• Safety and security are key airport concerns.
• detect prohibited items and ensure passenger safety.

Airport Facilities: Departure Hallway

• Spacious departure hallways provide passenger comfort.
• Snack bars, pasalubong shops, and restaurants are available in the hallway.
• Flight information, clocks, and communication systems improve passenger experience.

Airport Facilities: Baggage Handling System

• The baggage handling system covers the check-in-to-reclaim process, with efficiency and convenience in mind.
• A separate cargo road area for baggage storage and handling is present, behind a bulkhead from passenger areas.
• Cargo loading equipment includes conveyors, forklifts, and palletized containers to move cargo to and from the aircraft.

Airport Facilities: Departure Road/Entrance Gate

• Entrance gates offer four canopies to protect travelers from rain or excessive heat.
• Available public transportation options include calibrated taxi services.

Airport Facilities: International Check-in Hall

• Computerized check-in counters speed up passenger processing.
• Efficient and courteous airport personnel enhance passenger convenience.
• Wide choices of pasalubong, snack, and food/beverage shops are available.

Airport Facilities: International Pre-Departure Hall

• Handles up to 2.5 million passengers annually.
• The pre-departure terminal hall provides services for those sending passengers.
• Fast passenger processing, affordable facilities, and convenient access are present in the hall.

Airport Facilities: Flight Information Display System

• A computerized Flight Information Display (FID) system provides flight status information in the terminal.

Airport Facilities: Duty Free (Philippines)

• A Duty Free area is available in the International Pre-Departure area.
• Passengers can shop for imported goods like wine, chocolates, clothing, and other items for personal use.
• A valid passport is needed for purchases.

Airport Facilities: Passenger Passage Way

• Passengers walk through a passageway from the boarding bridge to the arrival area.

Airport Facilities: Departure Lobby

• The departure lobby provides a relaxation area for passengers waiting for boarding.
• Passenger amenities include snack bars, pasalubong shops, flight displays, paging counters, and toilets.

Airport Facilities: Domestic Arrival Area

• Spacious area accommodates arriving passengers.
• Passengers can get checked-in luggage from the baggage conveyor.
• Services include car rentals, hotel accommodations, paging system, and telephone services.

Airport Ground Equipment: Air Start Unit

• A vehicle equipped with an air compressor for starting aircraft engines via turbines.

Airport Ground Equipment: Jet Fueler

• A truck that refuels aircraft from underground tanks.

Airport Ground Equipment: Tow Bar

• A device that connects a tow tractor to an aircraft's front landing gear.

Airport Ground Equipment: Tow Tractor

• A heavy vehicle used to pull or push aircraft to and from maneuvering/parking areas.

Airport Ground Equipment: Aircraft Maintenance Truck

• Vehicles used for technical maintenance of aircraft.

Airport Ground Equipment: Potable Water Truck

• A truck used to fill aircraft water tanks.

Airport Ground Equipment: Lavatory Truck

• Empties and cleans aircraft restrooms.

Airport Ground Equipment: Ground Air Conditioning Unit

• A truck with cooling or heating systems for aircraft interior air treatment when at rest.

Airport Ground Equipment: Container/Palleted Loader

• A vehicle with articulated arms for handling heavy cargo loading and unloading.

Airport Ground Equipment: Baggage Conveyor

• A conveyor belt that loaders and unloads baggage.

Airport Ground Equipment: Electrical Power Unit

• Provides electricity to the aircraft when the aircraft's auxiliary generator is not operating.

Airport Ground Equipment: Catering Vehicle

• A truck that lifts its box up to aircraft to deliver food and drinks to passengers.

ATO and CAAP Airport Classification

• Legislative Act No. 3909 established the Office of Technical Assistant of Aviation Matters in 1931.
• By 1933, the office became the Aeronautics Division under the Department of Commerce & Communications.
• This division's objectives were expanded by order no. 309 issued by the Departments of Public Works, Communications, and Finance, amending previous regulations.
• In October 1934 Act 4033 was passed requiring a franchise from the Philippine Government to operate air services.
• Act 224 in 1948 established the National Airports Corporation for airport management and operation.
• Republic Act no. 776 in 1952, reorganized the Civil Aviation Administration (CAA) into the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB).
• In 1956 the Civil Aviation Administration (CAA) came under the supervision and control of the Department of Public Works.
• The CAA's responsibilities related to airport plans, construction, improvement and maintenance of airport sites were transferred to the Department of Public Highways in 1975.
• In 1979 the CAA was renamed the Bureau of Air Transportation (BAT).
• In 1987 The Bureau of Transportation was renamed the Air Transportation Office (ATO).

ATO System Airport Classifications

• The old ATO system classified airports into five categories: primary international, secondary international, trunkline, secondary, and feeder.

CAAP System Airport Classifications

• The CAAP system revised the ATO system, maintaining international and domestic airport classifications.
• International airports handle international flights; ten are currently used, and some were in the past.
• Principal airports are those that serve only domestic destinations, categorized as class 1 or 2, based on aircraft type and capacity.
• Class 1 are capable of handling jet aircraft; Class 2 can handle propeller aircraft.
• Community airports are used predominantly for general aviation.

Airport Wind Direction Indicators

• Essential for takeoffs and landings at controlled and uncontrolled airports.
• Different methods and tools get runway information.

Airport Wind Direction Indicator: Windsock

• A conical textile tube that indicates wind direction and speed..
• It points opposite to the wind direction.
• Wind speed is displayed by the windsock's angle to its pole; a drooping sock means low winds, and a horizontal sock means high winds.

Airport Wind Direction Indicator: Wind Tee

• An indicator that aligns its tail into the wind to show the direction of the wind.
• Doesn't reflect wind intensity, or gusty conditions.
• Can be present at the windsock's location.

Airport Wind Direction Indicator: Tetrahedron

• A landing direction indicator located near a wind direction indicator (usually next to the windsock).
• Usually swings freely but can also be manually positioned to show the landing direction.

Airport Signs

• Six types exist for airport locations: Mandatory Instruction, Location, Direction, Destination, Information, and Runway Distance Remaining.
• Their design is related to ensuring appropriate pilot action, based on complexity.

Mandatory Instruction Signs

• Red background with a white inscription.
• Indicate entrances to runways, critical areas or restricted zones.

Location Signs

• Black background with a yellow border and inscription.
• Indicate taxiways or runway locations, boundary limits, and Instrument Landing System (ILS) areas.

Direction Signs

• Yellow background with black inscription.
• Mark the intersecting taxiway(s) connecting to the intersections of an airport.

Destination Signs

• Yellow background with black inscription and arrows.
• Contain information about runways, terminals, cargo areas, and civil aviation locations.

Information Signs

• Yellow background with black inscription.
• Provide details on areas not visible from the control tower, radio frequencies, and noise abatement procedures.

Runway Distance Remaining Signs

• Black background with white numbers.
• Display remaining runway distance, in thousands of feet, available for aircraft operations.

This lesson covers airport facilities and equipment, including airport classifications and wind direction indicators. It also discusses PASALUBONG shops, check-in counters, and passenger boarding bridges. The module aims to help explain airport facilities for optimal traveler service satisfaction.