Aircraft Turbulence and Carburetor Heat Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason Squall Line Thunderstorms form?

Lifting Action is produced by a Front that can run for hundreds of miles (correct)

Wind pushes the storms further away from the initial source of Lifting Action

Low Pressure causes a large-scale Lifting Action and counter-clockwise rotation

High Pressure causes a large-scale Lifting Action and clockwise rotation

How does a Supercell thunderstorm differ from a Single Cell Thunderstorm?

The Supercell has a tilted vertical structure that separates the updrafts from the downdrafts (correct)

Supercell storms produce thunder and lightning, while Single Cell storms do not

The Supercell is produced from Multicell storms, rather than being a single, isolated cell

Supercell storms do NOT require an initial source of Lifting Action, while Single Cell storms do

What are the necessary ingredients to form a Thunderstorm?

Dry Air, High Pressure, and an Unstable Lapse Rate

Moisture, High Pressure, and a Stable Lapse Rate

Lifting Action, Moisture, and an Unstable Lapse Rate (correct)

Moisture, Lifting Action, and a Stable Lapse Rate

How quickly can a thunderstorm complete all 3 life cycles?

In as little as 30 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What determines the direction a Thunderstorm will Travel?

The wind speed at different altitudes in the atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

Why should a pilot avoid flying over surfaces with low Specific Heat Capacity, such as Asphalt?

To prevent the aircraft from overheating due to surface heat absorption. Signup and view all the answers

What would be a sign that a pilot is encountering Moderate Turbulence?

The air feels slightly rough and there is noticeable strain against the seatbelts. Signup and view all the answers

How should a pilot act to avoid the worst Turbulence associated with Mountain Wave activity?

Fly below the bases of Altocumulus Standing Lenticular (ACSL) clouds. Signup and view all the answers

How does an Aircraft's Weight influence its reaction to Turbulence?

Heavier Aircraft are more resistant to Turbulence due to their greater Inertia. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the weight of an aircraft less important than its aerodynamic characteristics when dealing with turbulence?

Because the aerodynamic characteristics determine how well an aircraft can handle turbulence. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct situation to activate Carburetor Heat as a preventative measure against ice formation in the venturi?

When at reduced power settings, with a temperature below 20˚C and a dewpoint within 5 degrees of the temperature. Signup and view all the answers

Why is clear ice more difficult to remove with deicing equipment than other types of ice?

Because clear ice is more dense and solid, allowing it to run back aft of deicing equipment. Signup and view all the answers

Where is freezing rain most likely encountered when flying through a frontal boundary?

On the colder side of the frontal boundary, below the front. Signup and view all the answers

How does icing potential differ depending on cloud type?

Different cloud types can result in varying levels of icing severity based on their characteristics. Signup and view all the answers

What must the atmosphere do in order to exhibit 'Absolute Instability'?

Cool at a rate faster than the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate Signup and view all the answers

What effect does moving warm air to the bottom and cold air to the top of an airmass have on Atmospheric Stability?

It makes a rising air parcel warmer and less dense, causing it to continue to rise. Signup and view all the answers

Why does wind affect Atmospheric Stability?

Because moving warm air to the bottom and cold air to the top of an airmass creates instability by warming the air. Signup and view all the answers

How does vertical air motion affect Atmospheric Stability?

Rising columns of air become more unstable, as the top expands and cools more than the bottom. Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of twilight in terms of length across different latitudes?

It remains constant across different latitudes Signup and view all the answers

In Northern climates, what areas are generally more 'Temperate' during winter months?

Coastal Areas Signup and view all the answers

How do whiteout conditions occur in Northern latitudes?

Snow covered surfaces and a low stratus cloud layer reduce shadows and make the horizon difficult to determine Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a low stratus cloud layer have on visibility during whiteout conditions?

Impedes visibility by making the horizon indistinguishable Signup and view all the answers

Why do coastal areas experience milder winters compared to inland areas in Northern climates?

As a result of oceanic currents moderating temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What role does blowing snow play in creating hazardous conditions in Northern latitudes?

Blowing snow obscures visibility, making navigation difficult Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the phenomenon where the sky appears white instead of blue on clear days?

Reflection of sunlight off snow-covered surfaces Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Turbulence and Aircraft

Heavy and light aircraft are affected by turbulence in the same manner.
Aircraft weight does not significantly impact its reaction to turbulence; instead, aerodynamic characteristics play a crucial role.

Carburetor Heat

Carburetor heat should be turned on as a preventative measure to prevent ice formation in the venturi when:
- At reduced power settings, with a temperature below 10°C and a dew point within 3 degrees of the temperature.
- At reduced power settings, with a temperature below 20°C and a dew point within 5 degrees of the temperature.

Ice Formation

Clear ice is more difficult to remove with deicing equipment because it is more dense and solid, and can run back aft of the deicing equipment.

Freezing Rain

Freezing rain is most likely to be encountered when flying through a frontal boundary on the colder side of the front, below the front.

Icing Potential

Icing potential differs depending on cloud type; avoid flying on the downwind (leeward) side of obstructions to the wind.

Turbulence Recognition

Moderate turbulence is characterized by:
- Definite strain against seatbelts.
- Unsecure objects becoming dislodged from their resting places.

Mountain Wave Activity

To avoid the worst turbulence associated with mountain wave activity, avoid flying below the bases of Altocumulus Standing Lenticular (ACSL) clouds.

Aircraft Weight and Turbulence

Aircraft weight does not affect its reaction to turbulence; heavier and lighter aircraft are affected similarly.

Squall Line Thunderstorms

Squall line thunderstorms form due to the lifting action produced by a front that can run for hundreds of miles.

Supercell Thunderstorms

Supercell thunderstorms differ from single cell thunderstorms in that they have a tilted vertical structure that separates the updrafts from the downdrafts.

Thunderstorm Formation

The necessary ingredients to form a thunderstorm are:
- Lifting action.
- Moisture.
- An unstable lapse rate.

Thunderstorm Lifecycles

A thunderstorm can complete all three life cycles in as little as 30 minutes.

Thunderstorm Direction

The direction a thunderstorm will travel is determined by the wind direction.

Atmospheric Stability

For the atmosphere to exhibit "absolute instability", it must cool faster than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.

Wind and Atmospheric Stability

Wind affects atmospheric stability by making it more likely that a rising air parcel will be warmer and less dense than the surrounding air, and continue to rise.

Vertical Air Motion

Rising columns of air become more unstable because the top of the rising column of air expands and cools more than the bottom of the column.

Northern Climates

Coastal areas of northern climates are generally more temperate during the winter months, with higher average temperatures and smaller swings between diurnal temperatures.

Whiteout Conditions

Whiteout conditions occur in northern latitudes when snow-covered surfaces and a low stratus cloud layer reduce shadows and make the horizon difficult to determine.

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Description

Test your knowledge on how turbulence affects heavy and light aircraft similarly, and when a pilot should turn on carburetor heat to prevent ice formation. Choose the correct conditions for activating carburetor heat in different scenarios.