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Questions and Answers
What method is recommended for repairing a cap strip that crosses a spar?
What method is recommended for repairing a cap strip that crosses a spar?
- Replacing the entire cap strip
- Reinforcing the joint with a continuous gusset (correct)
- Adding extra layers of fabric over the spar
- Cutting off the cap strip completely
Why are scarf joints considered the most satisfactory method for rib repairs?
Why are scarf joints considered the most satisfactory method for rib repairs?
- They are easy to make
- They provide the highest strength (correct)
- They are inexpensive
- They require less glue
What should a mechanic be aware of when using a scarf splice to repair a solid wood component?
What should a mechanic be aware of when using a scarf splice to repair a solid wood component?
- The color of the wood
- The number of nails needed
- The direction and slope of the grain (correct)
- The type of glue used
How should the scarf cut be made to ensure the full strength of the joint?
How should the scarf cut be made to ensure the full strength of the joint?
What material can be used to replace the trailing edge of a rib?
What material can be used to replace the trailing edge of a rib?
What is specified by the manufacturer for repairing compression ribs?
What is specified by the manufacturer for repairing compression ribs?
Why should the reinforcement plates of the splice not interfere with the proper attachment or alignment of the fittings?
Why should the reinforcement plates of the splice not interfere with the proper attachment or alignment of the fittings?
Why is it important to taper reinforcement plates on the ends with a 5:1 slope during a splice repair?
Why is it important to taper reinforcement plates on the ends with a 5:1 slope during a splice repair?
What is the purpose of using a scarf repair for damaged components?
What is the purpose of using a scarf repair for damaged components?
What is the primary difficulty encountered in making a scarf joint for repairs?
What is the primary difficulty encountered in making a scarf joint for repairs?
Why is it necessary for the mating surfaces of a scarf joint to be smooth?
Why is it necessary for the mating surfaces of a scarf joint to be smooth?
What tool would be suitable for machining a smooth saw cut in a scarf joint repair?
What tool would be suitable for machining a smooth saw cut in a scarf joint repair?
What material should doublers be made from for repairing a longitudinal crack in a solid spar?
What material should doublers be made from for repairing a longitudinal crack in a solid spar?
Why should nails or screws not be used in spar repairs?
Why should nails or screws not be used in spar repairs?
What must be ensured when using doublers to repair a longitudinal crack in a solid spar?
What must be ensured when using doublers to repair a longitudinal crack in a solid spar?
How should reinforcement plate ends be treated in a typical repair to a built-up I spar?
How should reinforcement plate ends be treated in a typical repair to a built-up I spar?
What type of wood should be used to replace plywood webs in spar repairs?
What type of wood should be used to replace plywood webs in spar repairs?
Why should solid wood not be used to replace plywood webs in spar repairs?
Why should solid wood not be used to replace plywood webs in spar repairs?
What type of drill is recommended for boring accurate and smooth holes in wood?
What type of drill is recommended for boring accurate and smooth holes in wood?
What type of drill bit is designed to bore precise, flat bottomed holes in wood?
What type of drill bit is designed to bore precise, flat bottomed holes in wood?
Why are Forstner bits recommended to be used in a drill press?
Why are Forstner bits recommended to be used in a drill press?
Which type of drill bit has a spur with a sharp point and four sharp corners to center and cut cleanly in wood?
Which type of drill bit has a spur with a sharp point and four sharp corners to center and cut cleanly in wood?
Why is it recommended to use a drill press for accurate smooth holes?
Why is it recommended to use a drill press for accurate smooth holes?
What angle should standard twist drills be sharpened to for wood boring?
What angle should standard twist drills be sharpened to for wood boring?
What material should the reinforcement plates be made of?
What material should the reinforcement plates be made of?
How many times should the scarf length bevel be in relation to the dimension A?
How many times should the scarf length bevel be in relation to the dimension A?
What should the face grain direction of the plywood splice plates be?
What should the face grain direction of the plywood splice plates be?
What should be the ratio of the bevel on each end of the spruce block?
What should be the ratio of the bevel on each end of the spruce block?
When should a scarf joint repair be reinforced with plywood gussets?
When should a scarf joint repair be reinforced with plywood gussets?
In what situation may a splice repair at both ends of a replaced section of a cap strip be required?
In what situation may a splice repair at both ends of a replaced section of a cap strip be required?
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Study Notes
Scarf Joints for Repairing Solid Wood Components
- A scarf joint is recommended for repairing a cap strip that crosses a spar.
- Scarf joints are considered the most satisfactory method for rib repairs because they provide the full strength of the joint.
Important Considerations for Scarf Splices
- When using a scarf splice to repair a solid wood component, the mechanic should be aware of the importance of smooth mating surfaces and a 5:1 slope on the reinforcement plates.
- The scarf cut should be made to ensure the full strength of the joint, and the reinforcement plates should not interfere with the proper attachment or alignment of the fittings.
Material Selection for Repairs
- The trailing edge of a rib can be replaced with wood.
- Compression ribs should be repaired according to the manufacturer's specifications.
- Doublers for repairing longitudinal cracks in solid spars should be made from wood.
- Plywood webs in spar repairs should be replaced with wood, not solid wood, to maintain the structure's integrity.
Drilling and Boring
- A drill press is recommended for boring accurate and smooth holes in wood.
- Forstner bits are designed to bore precise, flat-bottomed holes in wood and should be used in a drill press.
- Twist drills should be sharpened to a 60-70° angle for wood boring.
- A brad point bit is suitable for centering and cutting cleanly in wood.
Scarf Joint Repair Details
- The reinforcement plates should be made of wood.
- The scarf length bevel should be 8-12 times the dimension A.
- The face grain direction of the plywood splice plates should be parallel to the spar axis.
- The bevel on each end of the spruce block should have a 1:5 ratio.
- A scarf joint repair should be reinforced with plywood gussets when necessary.
- A splice repair at both ends of a replaced section of a cap strip may be required in certain situations.
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