28 Questions
What does aircraft landing gear support during landing and ground operations?
Entire weight of the aircraft
What type of landing gear do aircraft operating to and from frozen lakes and snowy areas have?
Landing gear with skis
What type of landing gear do aircraft operating to and from the surface of water have?
Pontoon type landing gear
What are considered parts of the landing gear system regardless of the type of landing gear utilized?
Shock absorbing equipment, brakes, retraction mechanisms, controls, warning devices, cowling fairings, and structural members
What is the purpose of the locating cam assembly in the nose gear shock struts?
To align the wheel and axle assembly in the straight ahead position
What is the function of the external shimmy damper in nose gear shock struts?
To dampen oscillations in the nose gear
Why is it important to become familiar with the instructions on the shock strut's instruction plate?
To ensure the correct type of hydraulic fluid is used and the proper pressure is maintained
What is the purpose of the snubbing orifices in the shock strut during the extension stroke?
To dampen the strut rebound and reduce oscillation
Which type of landing gear arrangement is the most commonly used?
Tricycle type landing gear
What is the purpose of using multiple wheels in the main gear of heavy aircraft?
To spread the weight over a larger area and provide a safety margin in case of tire failure
What is the advantage of tail wheel type landing gear?
Allows use of skis on slippery surfaces
How is directional control maintained in aircraft with tail wheel type landing gear?
Through differential braking
What is the maximum pressure rating of the valve core assembly in the AN-6287 valve?
3000 psi
What is the size relationship between the swivel nut and the valve body hex in the MS 28-889 valve?
The same size
What is the procedure for bleeding the shock strut?
Constructing and attaching a bleed hose, releasing any air pressure, filling the strut, attaching the bleed hose to the service port, and compressing and extending the strut fully
What is the purpose of the torque links assembly in retractable landing gear?
To keep the lower strut cylinder from rotating out of alignment with the longitudinal axis of the aircraft
What is the purpose of retractable landing gear in faster aircraft?
To reduce parasite drag
What is the main purpose of shock absorbing landing gear?
To dissipate landing impact forces
What is the most common method of landing shock dissipation in aviation?
Pneumatic/hydraulic shock struts
What is the purpose of torque links or arms in landing gear systems?
To keep the wheels aligned and retain the piston in the end of the upper cylinder
What is the maximum pressure rating for the core of the AN-6287 valve?
2000 psi
How is the swivel nut on the MS 28-889 valve different from the swivel nut on the AN-6287 valve?
It is the same size as the valve body hex
What is the purpose of the torque links assembly in the retractable landing gear?
To prevent the lower strut cylinder from rotating out of alignment
What is a crucial consideration for safe operation and maintenance of an aircraft?
Alignment of the wheels
What is the purpose of retractable landing gear on faster aircraft?
To reduce parasite drag
What is the main function of shock struts in aircraft landing gear?
To absorb and dissipate shock loads
What is the purpose of pneumatic/hydraulic shock struts in aviation?
To absorb and dissipate shock loads
Why are torque links or arms used in aircraft landing gear systems?
To keep the wheels aligned and retain the piston in the end of the upper cylinder
Study Notes
Aircraft Landing Gear Systems
- The tricycle type landing gear arrangement consists of various parts and assemblies, including air oil shock struts, retraction and safety devices, steering systems, and brake assemblies.
- Fixed and retractable landing gear are the two main categories of aircraft landing gear, with fixed gear being used on smaller, slower aircraft and retractable gear on faster aircraft to reduce parasite drag.
- Retractable landing gear stow in fuselage or wing compartments while in flight to eliminate parasite drag, and most have close-fitting panels or separate doors for streamlined retraction.
- Landing gear retraction and extension are usually accomplished with hydraulics, and shock absorbing and non-shock-absorbing landing gear are used to control impact forces during landing.
- Non-shock-absorbing landing gear utilizes flexible spring steel, aluminum, or composite struts to dissipate landing impact, while shock struts convert landing impact energy into heat energy for dissipation.
- Modern aircraft also use skid-type landing gear with no significant ill effects, and bungee cords are commonly used on non-shock-absorbing landing gear to absorb and return landing impact loads to the airframe.
- Pneumatic/hydraulic shock struts are the most common method of landing shock dissipation in aviation, using compressed air or nitrogen combined with hydraulic fluid to absorb and dissipate shock loads.
- Shock struts utilize metering pins or tubes to control the rate of fluid flow during compression and are equipped with damping or snubbing devices to prevent damaging impact forces during extension strokes.
- Most shock struts are equipped with an axle as part of the lower cylinder to provide installation of the aircraft wheels and have provisions for attaching the strut to the airframe.
- Regular cleaning and maintenance of shock struts are necessary to prevent potential damage to the packing gland and ensure proper alignment of the piston and wheels.
- Torque links or arms are used to keep the wheels aligned and retain the piston in the end of the upper cylinder when the strut is extended, such as after takeoff.
- The text provides detailed explanations of the construction, operation, and servicing of shock struts, emphasizing the need for regular inspection and maintenance as specified by the manufacturer.
Test your knowledge of aircraft landing gear systems with this quiz. Explore topics such as tricycle landing gear arrangements, retractable landing gear, shock-absorbing mechanisms, and maintenance requirements. Gain insights into the construction and operation of landing gear components and their role in ensuring safe and efficient aircraft operations.
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