Aircraft Instruments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Turn Coordinator (TC)?

  • To indicate rate and quality of turn (correct)
  • To indicate speed of the aircraft
  • To display altitude
  • To show fuel levels

    • The Heading Indicator automatically aligns with magnetic north.

    False

    What should a pilot do when the Turn Coordinator ball is outside the turn?

    Apply excessive rudder pressure in the direction the ball is exposed.

    The __________ indicates the airplane's heading based on a 360 degrees azimuth.

    <p>Heading Indicator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following instruments with their primary function:

    <p>Turn Coordinator = Indicates rate and quality of turn Heading Indicator = Displays heading based on azimuth Magnetic Compass = Direction-seeking instrument Inclinometer = Indicates turn coordination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does magnetic deviation measure?

    <p>The difference between indicated magnetic heading and actual heading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compass card oscillation is caused by smooth flying techniques.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of acceleration errors on a compass in the northern hemisphere?

    <p>Shows a turn to the north during acceleration and a turn to the south during deceleration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The angular difference between true and magnetic north is called __________.

    <p>variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following engine instruments with their functions:

    <p>Tachometer = Engine RPM measurement Oil temperature gauge = Indicates engine oil temperature Fuel flow indicator = Shows the rate of fuel consumption Exhaust gas temperature gauge = Monitors exhaust temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of aircraft instruments?

    <p>To aid in precise operation for safety and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pitot tube is responsible for supplying static pressure to the aircraft instruments.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two pressures that pitot-static instruments rely on?

    <p>Ram air pressure and static pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ is the instrument that indicates the speed at which the airplane is moving through the air.

    <p>Airspeed Indicator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of airspeed with their definitions:

    <p>Indicated Airspeed (IAS) = Actual airspeed reading Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) = IAS corrected for installation and instrument errors True Airspeed (TAS) = Airspeed corrected for non-standard pressure and temperature Groundspeed = Speed of aircraft relative to the earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which color-coded arc on the Airspeed Indicator indicates the normal operating range?

    <p>Green arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    VNO is the maximum structural cruising speed a pilot must never exceed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is VSO known as?

    <p>Stalling speed or minimum flight speed in the landing configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is maneuvering speed (VA)?

    <p>Maximum speed for abrupt control movement without damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Indicated altitude is the altitude reading from the altimeter directly.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does VSI stand for?

    <p>Vertical Speed Indicator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ altitude is the actual height of an aircraft above the earth's surface.

    <p>absolute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of altitude to its description:

    <p>Indicated = Altitude read directly from the altimeter Pressure = Altitude with barometric scale set to 29.92 inHg True = Actual height above mean sea level Absolute = Actual height above the earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the static port is blocked?

    <p>Altitude indicator freezes and VSI reads zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gyroscope maintains its position in space due to precession.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the suction gauge in a gyroscopic instrument system?

    <p>Monitors the available vacuum pressure in the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aircraft Instruments

    • Aircraft instruments aid pilots in operating the aircraft more precisely, which leads to enhanced safety and optimal performance.
    • Aircraft instruments rely on air pressure differences, gyroscopes, or magnetic fields to operate.

    Pressure Instruments (Pitot-Static System)

    • Pitot-static instruments utilize air pressure differences to measure speed and altitude.
    • The Pitot tube measures impact/ram air pressure, which is affected by the aircraft's speed.
    • The static port captures static pressure, providing a reference point for the Pitot-static system.

    Airspeed Indicator (ASI)

    • The ASI measures the aircraft's speed relative to the air.
    • It compares ram air pressure (Pitot tube) with static pressure (static port) to derive airspeed.
    • Different colored arcs on the ASI indicate speed ranges:
      • Green: Normal operating range
      • White: Flap-operating range
      • Yellow: Caution range (only in smooth air)
      • Red: Never-exceed speed

    Altimeter

    • The altimeter measures the aircraft's vertical elevation above a reference point.
    • It senses pressure changes and displays altitude in feet.
    • It has three pointers to indicate altitude: hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands of feet.
    • The altimeter contains aneroid wafers, which expand and contract with atmospheric pressure.

    Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)

    • The VSI indicates the rate at which the aircraft is climbing or descending, measured in feet per minute (fpm).
    • The VSI can be inaccurate in turbulent conditions due to a lag of 6-9 seconds.

    Gyroscopic Instruments

    • Gyroscopic instruments rely on the properties of a gyroscope, a rapidly spinning wheel.
    • Gyroscopes exhibit rigidity in space, meaning they remain in a fixed plane of rotation.
    • Gyroscopes exhibit precession, a tilting or turning motion in response to pressure.
    • A vacuum system powers gyroscopic instruments, supplying vacuum to maintain the rotation of the gyroscopes.

    Attitude Indicator (AI)

    • The AI displays the aircraft's orientation relative to the earth's horizon.
    • It is often referred to as the "master instrument".

    Turn Coordinator (TC)

    • The TC displays the rate and quality of the aircraft's turn.
    • It is a combination of a miniature aircraft indicator and an inclinometer (ball).
    • The TC helps pilots establish and maintain constant rate turns.

    Heading Indicator (HI)

    • The HI displays the aircraft's heading on a 360 degrees azimuth scale.
    • It is set by the pilot and provides primary heading information.
    • It does not automatically seek true north.
    • The HI must be aligned with a magnetic compass every 15 minutes to correct for precession.

    Magnetic Instruments

    • Magnetic instruments are used primarily for navigation and rely on the Earth's magnetic field.

    Magnetic Compass

    • The magnetic compass is the only instrument that seeks true north.
    • It is used to set the Heading Indicator and verify its accuracy during flight.
    • The compass needle aligns with the Earth's magnetic fields.

    Magnetic Compass Errors

    • Variation: The angular difference between true north and magnetic north.
    • Deviation: Differences between indicated magnetic heading and actual heading due to magnetic fields within the aircraft.
    • Magnetic Dip: The tendency of the compass needle to point downwards, influenced by the Earth's magnetic field.
      • Accelerating in the northern hemisphere causes the compass to indicate a turn towards north, while decelerating causes a turn towards south.
    • Turning Errors: During turns, the compass may lag or lead the actual heading.
      • In the northern hemisphere, the compass indicates a turn to the west when a right turn is entered from a northerly heading.
    • Compass Card Oscillation: Erratic movement of the compass card, caused by turbulence or control input.

    Engine Instruments

    • Engine instruments are used to monitor various engine parameters.
      • Tachometer: Measures engine RPM (revolutions per minute).
      • Oil Temperature Gauge: Measures the temperature of the engine oil.
      • Oil Pressure Gauge: Measures the pressure of the engine oil.
      • Fuel Quantity Gauge: Shows the remaining fuel quantity.
      • Fuel Flow Indicator: Indicates the rate at which fuel is consumed.
      • Exhaust Gas Temperature Gauge: Measures the temperature of exhaust gases.
      • Manifold Pressure Gauge: Measures the pressure in the intake manifold.
      • Cylinder Head Temperature Gauge: Indicates the temperature of the cylinder heads.

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    Aircraft General Knowledge (Basic Aircraft Instruments) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on aircraft instruments, focusing on the Pitot-static system and airspeed indicators. Understand how these instruments enhance safety and optimize performance for pilots. Explore key concepts about air pressure measurements and speed ranges in aviation.

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