Aircraft Emergency Procedures and Features

• Study notes for Laredo International Airport (LRD) in Laredo, Texas

Airport Information

• The airport diagram includes information for ATIS, Laredo Tower, and Ground Control.
• ATIS frequency is 125.775.
• Laredo Tower frequency is 120.1.
• GND CON frequency is 121.8.

Airport Features

• The airport diagram shows the location of wind socks, hydrants, PAPI, VASI, glide slope antenna, and localizer.
• Cargo hangars, IBC, Border Patrol station, tower, US Customs, freight warehouses, and fuel farms are also indicated.

Runway Details

• Runway lengths are as follows:
  • 18R and 36L: 8743 ft (Precision runway).
  • 18L and 36R: 8236 ft (Non precision runway).
  • 14 and 32: 5927 ft (Non precision runway).
• Runway 14/32 is mainly for GA (General Aviation) aircraft.
• Each runway has 12 threshold markings indicating a width of 150 ft, each threshold marking is 5.75 feet width by 150 feet long.
• Taxiways are 75 ft wide.

Safety Information

• Approximately 95% of all aircraft accidents occur within 10 miles of an airport.
• Limited index airport requirements are that ARRF staffing be available 15 minutes prior to arrival and after departure.

Wind and Segmented Circle Information

• The airport has a total of 6 wind socks.

Lighting

• There are 3 sets of PAPI (Precision Approach Path Indicator) located on 18 L, 18 R, and 36 L.
• There are 2 sets of VASI (Visual Approach Slope Indicator) located on 14 and 32, visible 3-5 miles away during the day and 20 miles or more at night.
• The runway threshold lights (4 on each side) use a split lens: red for departure and green for approach.
• Runway lights are white and spaced 200 feet apart.
• Amber lights outline the last 2000 feet of a runway and are 200 feet apart.
• Blue lights outline taxiways and are 100 feet apart.
• Green light indicates the approach end of a runway (threshold lights 4 on each side)
• Red light indicates the end of the runway (threshold lights 4 on each side)
• Red light can also mean closed areas (5 of them)

Taxiway and Runway Markings

• Taxiways have a safety area of 200 feet and are outlined by yellow lines.
• Runways have a safety area of 500 feet (250 feet from the center line) and are outlined by white lines.
• Hold lines are 250 feet from the center of the runway and 175 feet from the edge of the runway.
• Enhanced center line marking leads to a hold line/position and runways are 150 feet long, shows one solid yellow line down the middle with 12.5 broken lines on each side that are 9 feet long by 6 inches wide with 3 feet gaps.

Engineered Materials Arresting Systems (EMAS)

• EMAS is located at the departure end of runway 18R.
• EMAS dimensions: 136 feet from the threshold markings, 363 feet long, and 169 feet wide.
• EMAS consists of 3780 blocks ranging from 7 to 24 inches in height with a block strength of 60

ILS & Glide slope

• ILS marking looks like a ladder and is located on taxiway Lima between runways 18 R and 18 L.
• The localizer is located on the departure of 18R, provides lateral guidance, has 14 small antennas with red lights on the last on each side.
• Glide slope antenna: located between the parallels about 1,000 feet from the approach end and aids aircraft during the approach phase.

Hydrants

• The airport has 8 hydrants.
• Three are on the west side: two by Barkers and one by Signature.
• Five are on the east: three by ARFF Station and two by Airport Terminal.

VOR

• The VOR (Very High Omni-Directional Range) is located on Alpha between 14 and the west ramp.
• It's yellow sign with a painted circle and arrow, allowing pilots to check instruments.

Runway Marking Details

• Threshold Marking: 20 feet
• Threshold Lines:
  • 12 lines total
  • 150 feet (L) x 5.75 feet (W)
• Designation Markings: Ex: 36L
• Letter and Number are 60 feet in (Length).
• 40 feet between end of threshold line to the start of the designation letter.
• 20 feet from the end of he end of the designation letter to the start of the AIMING MARKING.
• 40 feet from the edge of the end of the designation number to the start of the runway centerline.
• 120 feet (L) by 3 feet (w)
• Touchdown Markings:
  • 3 lines in total
  • 75 feet (L) by 6 feet (W)
  • 5 feet space gaps
• Aiming Point Markings:
  • 150 feet (L) by 30 feet (W)
• Distance between runway markings: Start of the threshold line to:
  • Start of Touchdown markings: 500 feet
  • Start of Aiming point markings: 1,000 feet
  • Start of Distant markings: 1, 500 feet
  • Add 500 feet to each of the next Distant markings...
• Runway edge markings: 36 inch wide

Traffic Pattern

• Departure: The flight path begins after takeoff, continues along with the extended runway centerline.
• Crosswind leg: A flight path at right angles to the landing runway off its takeoff end
• Downwind leg: A flight path parallel to the landing runway in the opposite direction of landing.
• Base leg: A flight path at right angles to the landing runway off its approach end
• Final approach: A flight path in the direction of landing along the extended runway centerline.
• Aircraft Flight Pattern: Departure / Crosswind Leg / Downwind Leg / Base Leg\ Final Approach: DA FOOD / CAPTAIN / DIDN'T / BRING

Airport Index

• Laredo International Airport (LRD) is an Index B Airport
  • Index A is for the Max Aircraft length less than 90ft and requires One Fire Fighting vehicles.
  • It requires 500 pounds of Dry Chemical
  • (SODIUM BASED) /Halon 1211 or 450 pounds ofPOTASSIUM BASED Dry Chemical and 100 gallons of water / foam
  • Index B >90ft & < 126 ft and requires One or Two Fire Fighting vehicles, Also it Includes Same as A and 1,500 gal of water/foam

  • 126ft & <159 ft and requires Two or Three Fire Fighting vehicles, Also it Includes Same as A and 3,000 gal of water/foam

  • Index <159ft & > 200 ft Two and requires Three Fire Fighting vehicles, Also it Includes Same as A and 4,00 gal of water/foam.
  • Index 200 > ft is 159ft and requires Three Fire Fighting vehicles, and includes the Same as A and 6,00 gal of water/foam

Emergency Communication Frequencies

• Tower: 120.1
• Ground: 121.8
• Unicom: 122.95
• ATIS: 125.775
• Houston: 127.8
• UHF Military Frequency: 257.9
• ELT/Discrete Emergency: 121.5

NOTAM

• A notice to Air mission info that addresses Airport issues, such as closed runways or ARFF problems.
• Information the ATC must tell the Crash Truck (5001) personnel: Make and Model of the Aircraft, Name of the carrier, Response category “Alert 1, Alert 2, or Alert 3", Emergency situation, Number of souls on board, Amount of fuel (1 gal of fuel equals 6 to 7 pounds), ETA, and Any other info such as Haz-Mat
• Sequence: Name of facility being called “Laredo Ground ", Vehicle ID RESCUE “5001” RESCUE 6 “3006” RESCUE 8 “5002", Firefighter's location “Fire Station", Request clearance to designated area “Airport Terminal”, and a Preferred route, if one is not available the tower will designate one

Hours of operation

• Hours of Operation 6 am to 12 am- Monday thru Sunday.

ATC light gun signals:.

• RED: STOP!, GREEN: GO! Cleared to cross, Proceed, RED/GREEN: Proceed with EXTREME caution, Flashing WHITE: Return to starting point, Flashing RED: Clear runway or taxiway.
• Uncontrolled communication with Tower: "Laredo traffic rescue 7 (repeat twice)", "Laredo traffic rescue 7 is here we are going there (specify route) continue communicating route as you drive it on the airfield" , make sure to use Tower Frequency 120.1

Aircraft Information:

• Hydraulic lines in aircraft are pressurized up to 3000 PSI and have a yellow and blue label..
• Oxygen: Green Label, Lubricants: Yellow Label, Electrical: Red & Brown Label , Fire Protection: Brown Label, Fuel: Red Label

ERJ Fleet

• The ERJ 170 has 6 Exits , A crew of 4,500, 66 Passengers, with 3 Fire Extinguishers.
• The ERJ 175 has 6 Exits , A crew of 4, 76 Passengers, with 3 Fire Extinguishers.
• Emergency Exits include the Main door , Service door , Two (2) rear doors one on each side, Two (2) pilot windows (Cockpit) Crew consists of: Two (2) pilots, Two (2) flight attendants
• The fuel capacity 3,071 gallons (20,580 pounds) It has a Cargo hold being located on the starboard front and back
• GPU (Ground Power Unit) hook-up and the APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) shut off are located on the front nose port side. EPU (Emergency Power Unit) - RAT system located on the nose starboard side.
• It has 3 Fire Extinguishers that are located in the cockpit, Galley, and Rear of plane.

CRJ Fleet

• The CRJ 700 American Airlines: Aircraft: has Number of exits of 5 has Number of crew 4 Passangers are 62-65:
• Has an Emergency exits 5 that includes Main Door, Service Door,Two exits over the wing between Isles 11 & 12, One (1) pilot hatch
• Fuel Capacity is 2,400 gallons (19.595 pounds)
• Cargo hold location is in the middle and the aft port side of the ship. Number of Passengers is between (62-65). There is is an Air Crew of four, with 2 pilots and 2 attendants in the flight.
• GPU Ground Power Unit, where the hook up is starboard side nose located, below the APU Shut off compartment door. The Auxillary Power unit APU-shutoff, this located near the starboard on the right nose and has a red switch
• The battereis are located on the rear of the plane, main door drops down and becomes a step stair way.

ERJ Fleet

• ERJ 145 United Airlines: Aircraft: has a Number of exits of six, with 18 of Aisle's with, AirCrew of Three. Number of of passangers is 3, with an total of 50 Passangers, fire extringushers number to 3.

• Emergency Exits, A total of 6 Exits, that includes Main Door, Service door, Two (2) Over the wing between Aisle 18,Two (2) pilot windows (Cockpit) The capacity is near (1,360) gallons, near (11,000 Pouinds) Two batteris that operate on is 2 24 which can be located on the front, this leads to Port Side

AirBus

• Airbus 319 & 320 has 10 Exits:
• 2 pilots, Main door, Service door, Aft port service door, Aft entry door,
• 2 port over the wing exits (row 12 and 14), and 2 starboard over the wing exits (row 12 and 14).
• Crew for Airbuses includes two pilots, with 4 flight attendants at least One attendant per every 50 passengers The plane is 111 ft. long for the 319 and 123 ft. long for the 320