CH 1 SUM: The Atmosphere
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Questions and Answers

What poses a significant threat, with an estimated 12 million hectares of land degrading into desert annually?

  • Climate change (correct)
  • Overfishing
  • Nuclear energy
  • Urbanization

    • Which factor contributes to desertification indirectly?

  • Inadequate knowledge (correct)
  • Conservation efforts
  • Sustainable agricultural practices
  • Effective policies

    • How does desertification impact economies globally?

  • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions
  • Threatens food security (correct)
  • Strengthens economies
  • Increases fresh water reserves

    • What is essential for effective desertification prevention according to the text?

    <p>Awareness, funding, and coordinated efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect remains challenging and expensive according to the text?

    <p>Rehabilitation of degraded lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do educators focus on when crafting quiz questions based on the text?

    <p>Environmental science definitions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the emphasis on sustainable management strategies important according to the text?

    <p>To examine human-environment interactions critically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact biodiversity globally?

    <p>Contributes to biodiversity loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the global air circulation patterns described in the text?

    <p>Unequal heating of Earth's atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which period do the equinoxes occur?

    <p>Spring and Autumn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the movement of heat from the tropics towards the poles in oceanic circulation?

    <p>Coriolis effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) located?

    <p>Between 10° N and 10° S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the subtropical high-pressure zone?

    <p>Hot, dry air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily contributes to the movement of heat in atmospheric circulation?

    <p>Differences in air pressure and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of deep ocean currents in transferring heat globally?

    <p>Aiding in transferring heat driven by water density differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes seasonal variations in insolation on Earth according to the text?

    <p>Tilt of Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Polar High Pressure Zone?

    <p>Cold, dry conditions with limited precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main driving force behind wind according to the text?

    <p>Pressure Gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Hadley Cell located geographically?

    <p>At the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes wind to deflect right in the Northern Hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Monsoon Winds?

    <p>Seasonal reversals in wind direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which force leads to winds flowing parallel to isobars at high altitudes?

    <p>Geostrophic Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does subsidence contribute to dry seasons in certain African regions?

    <p>By descending air that warms and dries, leading to extended dry periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of the Subpolar Low Pressure Zone?

    <p>'Cold, wet conditions'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes drylands?

    <p>Scarce water resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean currents contribute to dry conditions in the Namib Desert?

    <p>Benguela and Canary currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between El Niño and La Niña events?

    <p>La Niña causes drought, El Niño causes heavy rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does desertification primarily result from?

    <p>Human activities and climatic changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are droughts categorized based on their impacts?

    <p>Meteorological, Agricultural, Hydrological, Socio-economic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do isobars on synoptic weather maps represent?

    <p>Atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region in Africa experiences the highest frequency of droughts?

    <p>Sahel region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the equator experience warmer temperatures compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>Due to the Sun's rays hitting the surface more directly at the equator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the angle at which the Sun's rays strike different parts of the planet influence the Earth's energy balance?

    <p>It leads to unequal heating, creating various climate zones and circulation patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the poles have cooler temperatures compared to regions near the equator?

    <p>Sun's rays strike the Earth at a more oblique angle at higher latitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for ice and snow in polar regions reflecting solar radiation back into space?

    <p>To reduce overall global warming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Earth's surface contribute to atmospheric heating?

    <p>By absorbing high energy from the Sun and re-radiating it as infrared energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences insolation significantly with latitude?

    <p>The angle at which the Sun's rays reach different latitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do oceanic circulation patterns play in transporting heat across the globe?

    <p>Transporting heat from poles to equator due to unequal heating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the unequal heating of Earth's surface?

    <p>The variation in the angle at which the Sun's rays strike different parts of the planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the energy absorption and temperatures at higher latitudes near the poles compared to near the equator?

    <p>Less energy absorption and cooler temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface from the Sun and re-radiated as lower energy, heating the atmosphere from below?

    <p>Short-wave radiation to long-wave infrared energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the equator experience higher energy absorption compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>Because the Sun's rays hit them more directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What further reduces energy absorption at higher latitudes near the poles apart from the oblique angle of sunlight?

    <p>Reflective properties of ice and snow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Earth's surface contribute to creating different climate zones across the globe?

    <p>By varying degrees of energy absorption based on sunlight angles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of sunlight near the equator leads to direct heating of the Earth's surface?

    <p>Its higher intensity due to shorter travel distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one effect of the reflective properties of ice and snow in polar regions on Earth's energy balance?

    <p>Reduced energy absorption due to reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of global air circulation as described in the text?

    <p>To distribute heat from regions near the Equator to polar regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of heat in atmospheric circulation?

    <p>Unequal heating of Earth's atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Subtropical High Pressure Zone?

    <p>Produces hot, dry air, especially over deserts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ocean currents help in maintaining the Earth's heat balance?

    <p>By transporting heat from the poles towards the Equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of deep ocean currents driving heat globally?

    <p>Differences in water density related to temperature and salinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does warm air rise at the equator in atmospheric circulation?

    <p>Because of intense solar heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one role of atmospheric pressure belts in global weather and climate?

    <p>Crucial in determining weather and climate patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do polar regions lose more energy than they gain according to the text?

    <p>As a result of receiving less direct sunlight and experiencing cooler temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of Africa experiences prolonged dry seasons due to subsidence and the Harmattan winds?

    <p>Kano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the Ferrel Cell in global air circulation?

    <p>Exists between 30° and 60° latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a significant role in driving wind from high to low-pressure areas?

    <p>Pressure Gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which high-altitude winds significantly influence weather patterns, including storm tracks?

    <p>Jet Streams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of the Subpolar Low Pressure Zone mentioned in the text?

    <p>Cool, wet conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor causes wind to deflect right in the Northern Hemisphere and left in the Southern Hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic differentiates the Hadley Cell from the Ferrel Cell in global air circulation?

    <p>Exists between the equator and 30° latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which winds are characterized by dry, warm downslope winds, leading to rapid warming and drying conditions?

    <p><em>Chinook</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of the convergence of moist air masses during the shift of the ITCZ northwards?

    <p>Increase in rainfall in regions like Calabar and Kano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do warm ocean currents have on Africa's climate?

    <p>Lead to dry and arid conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes La Niña conditions in the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>Stronger trade winds and upwelling of warm water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drought results in long periods of below-average rainfall?

    <p>Meteorological Drought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What categorizes desertification as a process?

    <p>Transformation of fertile land into desert due to human activities and climatic changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do synoptic weather maps utilize isobars for?

    <p>Indicating wind speed and direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do dryland ecosystems differ based on their aridity levels?

    <p>Unique challenges faced by each category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Agricultural Drought' primarily affects which aspect in dryland ecosystems?

    <p>Insufficient soil moisture affecting crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the degradation of 12 million hectares of land into desert annually?

    <p>Overgrazing and deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact economies globally?

    <p>Threatens food security and weakens economies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of desertification at a global level?

    <p>Increases greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a challenge in rehabilitating degraded lands?

    <p>Challenging and expensive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is sustainable resource use emphasized for effective desertification prevention?

    <p>To promote awareness and coordinated efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a direct cause of desertification according to the text?

    <p>Deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the weakening of economies due to desertification?

    <p>Overgrazing and deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do stakeholders need to coordinate for effective desertification prevention?

    <p>Through coordinated efforts among stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Ferrel Cell in global air circulation?

    <p>Acting as a transitional zone affecting temperate weather patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does wind deflect right in the Northern Hemisphere according to the text?

    <p>Because of Coriolis Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Monsoon Winds?

    <p>They bring seasonal reversals in wind direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Föhn Winds impact regions on the leeward sides of mountain ranges?

    <p>They lead to rapid warming and drying conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do Jet Streams have on weather patterns according to the text?

    <p>Significantly influencing storm tracks and temperature distributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main impact of the Subpolar Low Pressure Zone on weather conditions?

    <p>Resulting in cool, wet conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which latitudes is the Polar Cell found according to the text?

    <p>From 60° latitudes to the poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes wind to flow parallel to isobars at high altitudes?

    <p><strong>Geostrophic Wind</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of heat from the tropics towards the poles in oceanic circulation?

    <p>Deep ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes winds to curve to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis effect due to Earth's rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of global air circulation mentioned in the text?

    <p>To redistribute thermal energy and air globally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes significantly to the creation of atmospheric pressure belts that influence global weather patterns?

    <p>Atmospheric circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences oceanic circulation patterns causing warm surface currents to move towards the poles?

    <p>Differences in water density related to temperature and salinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a crucial role in determining weather and climate patterns globally?

    <p>Atmospheric pressure belts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism that drives global air circulation according to the text?

    <p>Unequal heating of Earth's atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the equator receive more direct sunlight compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>Resulting from Earth's axial tilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge in rehabilitating already degraded lands according to the text?

    <p>Insufficient funding for rehabilitation efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary factor contributing to the global threat posed by desertification as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Overgrazing and deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact economies globally?

    <p>It reduces agricultural yields, threatens food security, and weakens economies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contributes to desertification indirectly according to the text?

    <p>Policies promoting resource degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is prevention preferable to rehabilitation in addressing desertification according to the text?

    <p>Prevention saves more land from degradation than rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a direct consequence of desertification at a global level as outlined in the text?

    <p>Diminishing greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is highlighted as essential for effective desertification prevention?

    <p>Coordinated efforts among stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary direct cause of desertification according to the text?

    <p>Soil erosion and overgrazing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for higher energy absorption and warmer temperatures near the equator compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>Greater atmospheric heating near the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the angle of sunlight affect energy absorption in higher latitudes near the poles?

    <p>It decreases energy absorption in those regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the overall warmth of the planet by heating the atmosphere from below?

    <p>Re-radiated infrared energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the spread of solar energy over a larger area at higher latitudes affect temperatures?

    <p>Reduces temperatures due to decreased absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly influences the creation of climate zones across the globe?

    <p>Unequal heating of Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the poles reflect more solar radiation back into space?

    <p>As a result of cold temperatures and ice cover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns responsible for heat transport from the equator towards the poles?

    <p>Unequal heating of Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of desertification, as explained in the text?

    <p>Transforming fertile land into desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do warm and cold ocean currents influence Africa's climate?

    <p>By modifying temperatures over land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes La Niña conditions in the Pacific Ocean?

    <p>Stronger trade winds and upwelling of cold water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region in Africa experiences the highest frequency of droughts according to the text?

    <p>Sahel region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the subtropical high-pressure zone mentioned in the text?

    <p>It results in descending air and clear skies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do synoptic weather maps help in understanding weather conditions?

    <p>By displaying symbols representing atmospheric phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of oceans in driving global climate, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Moderating temperature fluctuations worldwide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing feature of meteorological drought according to the text?

    <p>Long periods of below-average rainfall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the unequal heating of the Earth's surface?

    <p>Variation in the angle at which the Sun's rays strike different parts of the planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that varies significantly with latitude and influences temperatures on Earth?

    <p>Insolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does solar radiation differ between the equator and higher latitudes near the poles?

    <p>Less direct at higher latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to solar energy at higher latitudes near the poles due to the oblique angle of sunlight?

    <p>It spreads over a larger area, leading to less absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does atmospheric heating play in contributing to the warmth of the planet?

    <p>Heating the atmosphere from below with lower energy, infrared energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the variation in insolation impact global climate zones?

    <p>Creates distinct climate zones across different latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of high-pressure cells in the Southern Hemisphere?

    <p>Clockwise sinking air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are local weather patterns affected by the differential heating of land and water?

    <p>Influencing high and low-pressure cell formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes significantly to the formation of global air circulation cells?

    <p>Differential heating of land and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are air masses classified based on their characteristics?

    <p>Temperature and humidity levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do Jet Streams play in shaping weather patterns?

    <p>Affecting storm tracks and temperature distributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Föhn Winds impact regions on the leeward sides of mountain ranges?

    <p>Resulting in rapid warming and drying conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant threat posed by desertification, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Migration prompts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an indirect cause of desertification according to the text?

    <p>Inadequate knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of desertification at a global level, based on the text?

    <p>Decreased biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the rehabilitation of already degraded lands challenging and expensive according to the text?

    <p>Inadequate funding and awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as crucial for effective desertification prevention in the text?

    <p>Coordinated stakeholder efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact economies globally according to the text?

    <p>Prompting migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of heat from the tropics towards the poles in oceanic circulation?

    <p>Deep ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the equator experience higher energy absorption compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>Intense solar heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Monsoon Winds?

    <p>They flow from land to sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main impact of the Subpolar Low Pressure Zone on weather conditions?

    <p>Results in cool, moist conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influences insolation significantly with latitude?

    <p>Seasonal changes in sunlight duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Agricultural Drought' primarily affects which aspect in dryland ecosystems?

    <p>Crop yield and food security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes El Niño events according to the text?

    <p>Reversal of normal air and sea water circulation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ocean currents contribute to dry and arid conditions in regions like the Namib Desert according to the text?

    <p>Canary and Agulhas currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What global region experiences notable long-term occurrences of droughts according to the text?

    <p>Sahel region in Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes maritime climate from continental climate based on the text?

    <p>Minimal temperature fluctuations vs. significant temperature variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are synoptic weather maps primarily used for according to the text?

    <p>Understanding current weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the process of desertification primarily occur according to the text?

    <p>Mainly due to human activities and climatic changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge in rehabilitating already degraded lands?

    <p>Insufficient funding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor significantly contributes to the threat of desertification worldwide?

    <p>Inadequate knowledge-sharing policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact global economies?

    <p>Weakens economies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the depletion of fresh water reserves globally due to desertification?

    <p>Ineffective resource management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is coordinated effort among stakeholders crucial for effective desertification prevention?

    <p>To ensure comprehensive prevention measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do policies promoting resource degradation play in contributing to desertification?

    <p>Contribute to desertification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification affect agricultural yields locally and nationally?

    <p>Reduces agricultural yields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily contributes to the increasing greenhouse gas emissions related to desertification?

    <p>Desertification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor primarily determines the shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between the northern and southern hemispheres?

    <p>Atmospheric pressure changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Coriolis effect influence oceanic circulation?

    <p>Creating clockwise movement in the southern hemisphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the Equatorial Low Pressure Zone mentioned in the text?

    <p>Results from intense solar heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of warm surface currents from the tropics towards the poles in oceanic circulation?

    <p>Differences in water density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the atmosphere act as a conveyor belt for heat in global air circulation?

    <p>Driven by differences in air temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do subtropical high-pressure zones play in global atmospheric circulation?

    <p>Creating regions of cold, dense air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does deep ocean circulation contribute to heat transfer globally?

    <p>Driven by differences in water density related to temperature and salinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental aspect of Earth's climate system does the unequal heating of its surface drive?

    <p>Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the poles experience cooler temperatures compared to regions near the equator?

    <p>Ice and snow reflect solar radiation back into space leading to less energy absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Earth's energy balance contribute to the creation of different climate zones across the globe?

    <p>By varying the angle at which the Sun's rays strike different parts of the planet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of high energy, short-wave radiation absorbed by the Earth's surface from the Sun?

    <p>To re-radiate lower energy, long-wave infrared radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insolation vary with latitude and influence temperature differences across the globe?

    <p>Insolation varies significantly with latitude, affecting energy absorption and temperature variations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the angle of the Sun's rays striking the Earth have on temperature variations at different latitudes?

    <p>Oblique angles result in cooler temperatures at higher latitudes due to increased energy spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Earth's surface contribute to driving atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns?

    <p>By absorbing and re-radiating solar energy at different rates based on latitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant impact of ice and snow in polar regions on Earth's energy balance?

    <p>Reducing energy absorption by reflecting solar radiation back into space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does re-radiated lower-energy, long-wave infrared radiation play in heating the atmosphere?

    <p>It contributes to global warming by enhancing the greenhouse effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines drought as a prolonged period of deficient rainfall, leading to water scarcity?

    <p>Meteorological Drought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which oceanic phenomenon is characterized by the reversal of normal air and sea water circulation patterns?

    <p>El Niño</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes desertification primarily according to the text?

    <p>Human activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region experiences notable long-term occurrences of droughts?

    <p>Sahel region in Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences Africa's climate by modifying temperatures over land?

    <p>Warm and cold ocean currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Insufficient soil moisture affecting crops' categorizes which type of drought?

    <p>Agricultural Drought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Long periods of below-average rainfall' is a characteristic of which type of drought?

    <p>Meteorological Drought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the reflective properties of ice and snow in polar regions?

    <p>To reflect solar radiation back into space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Earth's surface contribute to the creation of climate zones?

    <p>By influencing atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of atmospheric circulation patterns driven by the unequal heating of Earth's surface?

    <p>Transporting heat from the equator towards the poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do regions near the equator experience higher energy absorption compared to regions near the poles?

    <p>As a result of the Sun's rays hitting the Earth's surface more directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Earth's energy balance influence global climate zones?

    <p>By driving atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What atmospheric process plays a significant role in determining the dry seasons in Africa?

    <p>Subsidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the Polar High Pressure Zones located geographically?

    <p>At the North and South poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of high-pressure cells in the Southern Hemisphere?

    <p>Clockwise rising air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Jet Streams known for?

    <p>Shaping global weather patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which force leads to winds flowing parallel to isobars at high altitudes?

    <p>Coriolis Force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of El Niño conditions on global weather patterns?

    <p>Decreased rainfall and droughts in many regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do regions near the Namib Desert experience climatic conditions due to ocean currents?

    <p>Cold and arid conditions with minimal precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes hydrological drought from other types of drought?

    <p>Depletion of water reserves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do high and low-pressure cells influence weather patterns globally?

    <p>Significantly impacting atmospheric pressure and circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do isobars play in synoptic weather maps?

    <p>Connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of global air circulation according to the text?

    <p>Balancing Earth's heat distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon causes ocean currents to curve to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere?

    <p>Coriolis effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Equatorial Low Pressure Zone located based on the information provided?

    <p>Between 10° N and 10° S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the movement of warm surface currents from the tropics towards the poles in oceanic circulation?

    <p>Temperature differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of atmospheric dynamics, what is the role of the subtropical high-pressure zones?

    <p>Generating hot, dry air linked to atmospheric descent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical component of effective desertification prevention according to the text?

    <p>Sustainable resource use strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification contribute to biodiversity loss globally?

    <p>By degrading land and habitats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the rehabilitation of degraded lands challenging and expensive according to the text?

    <p>Because it remains an intricate and costly process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do policies promoting resource degradation play in indirectly contributing to desertification?

    <p>Promoting unsustainable land management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification weaken economies according to the text?

    <p>By reducing agricultural yields and prompting migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes rehabilitating already degraded lands challenging and expensive as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Inadequate funding for rehabilitation projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does desertification jeopardize the livelihoods of nearly 900 million people annually according to the text?

    <p>12 million hectares of land degrading into desert annually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does desertification impact biodiversity globally based on the information provided?

    <p>Contributes to biodiversity loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of desertification locally and nationally according to the text?

    <p>Decreased agricultural yields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is sustainable resource use emphasized for effective desertification prevention as highlighted in the text?

    <p>To implement sustainable management strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge associated with the rehabilitation of already degraded lands, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>High cost of the rehabilitation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is desertification prevention preferred over rehabilitation of degraded lands, according to the text?

    <p>Prevention addresses the root causes of desertification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a critical factor required for effective desertification prevention based on the text?

    <p>Sustainable resource use strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect makes rehabilitation of degraded lands more challenging compared to desertification prevention?

    <p>Lack of immediate economic benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does desertification pose a significant threat to nearly 900 million people worldwide according to the text?

    <p>Reduction in agricultural yields and food security</p> Signup and view all the answers

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