Air Law and Procedures Overview

The legal document governing aviation in Canada. It empowers the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

A compilation of regulatory requirements designed to enhance safety and competitiveness in the Canadian aviation industry. They are divided into two main components: regulatory text and standards.

The written regulations found on the Justice Laws Website. They are the law. They can be easily identified as the second digit is a zero "0".

Elaborations on the regulatory text found on Transport Canada's website. They are meant to clarify and expand on the regulations. They can be easily identified as the second digit is a two "2".

CARs are divided into 9 main components called "Parts" which correspond to broad aviation areas. These parts regulate various aspects of aviation, from aircraft registration to air navigation.

The Transport Canada Aeronautical Information Manual. It contains detailed information about air law, including aerodromes, meteorology, rules of the air, Air Traffic Control, licensing, and airmanship.

The TC AIM is published twice a year, updating information about air law and best practices.

The Canada Flight Supplement, a joint civilian/military publication containing information on aerodromes, flight planning, radio navigation, and military flight procedures.

The CFS is issued every 56 days, providing frequent updates for flight planning and safety.

Provides emergency procedures and instructions for various situations encountered during flight.

The Transportation Safety Board of Canada. They investigate all transportation occurrences in Canada, including aircraft accidents and incidents.

The TSB focuses on preventing further occurrences and does not assign blame or liability.

In Canada, ATC Services are provided by NAV CANADA, ensuring safe and efficient air traffic management.

Air Traffic Control Centers divide Canada's airspace into 7 flight information regions, controlling aircraft en route, approaching or departing airports.

Located at busy airports, ATC Towers control traffic on and around the airport to ensure safety and efficient movement of aircraft.

Provide advisory services to aircraft at less busy airports, including traffic information, runway conditions, weather, and other relevant data.

Manned with flight service specialists, they provide pilots with services such as filing and closing flight plans, weather information, and emergency notifications.

Provide weather and communication services in Canada's north, including the Territories and northern Quebec.

Procedures described as "shall" are mandatory and supported by regulations (CARs).

Procedures described as "should" are encouraged but not mandatory. They are not legally binding but are recommended and usually improve safety.

Aircraft that are flying on a pre-approved flight plan, typically following instrument flight rules.

Aircraft operating under visual flight rules, but subject to some air traffic control guidance for safety.

A standard used to identify a part of the Canadian Aviation Regulations that is a standard, an elaboration on the regulatory text, and can be found on Transport Canada's website.

The CFS contains a range of sections, including aerodrome information, charts and flight planning data.

The TSB plays a vital role in transportation safety by investigating incidents and accidents to prevent future occurrences.

The TSB focuses on understanding the causes and contributing factors to transportation occurrences, not on assigning blame.

NAV CANADA provides a range of services to ensure safe and efficient air traffic management, from controlling large areas to providing advisory services.