AHS 102 Medical Terminology Ch. 9

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Questions and Answers

What are nephrons?

Surgeries involving the kidneys

Microscopic functional units of the kidney (correct)

Inflammation of the renal pelvis

Types of kidney stones

What is a nephrolith?

Kidney stone

What does nephrolysis involve?

Surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

What is nephroptosis?

Floating kidney Signup and view all the answers

What does nephropyosis refer to?

Suppuration of the kidney; having formed pus or discharge Signup and view all the answers

Define hydroureter.

Condition of swelling of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked Signup and view all the answers

What does ureterectasis mean?

Enlargement of the ureter Signup and view all the answers

What is ureterorrhagia?

Bleeding from the ureter Signup and view all the answers

What does ureterorrhaphy involve?

Surgical suturing of a ureter Signup and view all the answers

What is urethropexy?

Surgical fixation of the urethra Signup and view all the answers

Define pyelonephritis.

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is urge incontinence?

Overactive bladder Signup and view all the answers

What does renal cortex refer to?

Outer region of the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is dysuria?

Difficult or painful urination Signup and view all the answers

What is a Foley catheter?

Indwelling catheter held in place by a flexible tube with a balloon filled with sterile water Signup and view all the answers

What are ureteral orifices?

Where urine drains from the ureters into the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What does urinary hesitancy refer to?

Difficulty in starting a urinary stream Signup and view all the answers

Define urethral meatus.

External opening of the urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is a neobladder?

Replacement for a missing bladder created by using about 20 inches of small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What does nephropexy involve?

Surgical fixation of a floating kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is urinalysis?

Examination of urine Signup and view all the answers

What does renal colic refer to?

Acute pain in the kidney area caused by a blockage during the passing of a stone Signup and view all the answers

What is bladder retraining?

Behavioral therapy in which the patient learns to urinate on schedule Signup and view all the answers

What is cystography?

X-ray examination of the bladder after a contrast medium is instilled Signup and view all the answers

What does meatotomy refer to?

Surgical incision to enlarge the opening of the urethral meatus Signup and view all the answers

What is a glomerulus?

Cluster of capillaries on each nephron Signup and view all the answers

What does transurethral prostatectomy involve?

Removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate with the use of a resectoscope Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms in Medical Terminology - Chapter 9

Nephron: Microscopic functional units of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
Nephrolith: Refers to kidney stones, solid masses formed from minerals in the urine.
Nephrolysis: Surgical procedure that involves freeing a kidney from adhesions which may hinder its function.
Nephroptosis: A condition where a kidney is displaced or "floats" due to a lack of supporting tissue.
Nephropyosis: Results from the accumulation of pus in the kidney, indicating infection or inflammation.
Hydroureter: A condition characterized by the swelling of the ureter due to urine retention caused by blockage.
Ureterectasis: Describes the enlargement or dilation of the ureter, often due to obstruction.
Ureterorrhagia: Refers to the presence of bleeding from the ureter.
Ureterorrhaphy: Surgical procedure involving the suturing of a ureter.
Urethropexy: Surgical fixation to stabilize the urethra.
Pyelonephritis: Inflammation affecting both the renal pelvis and the kidney, often due to infection.
Urge Incontinence: Related to an overactive bladder leading to involuntary urination.
Renal Cortex: The outer layer of the kidney where filtering begins.
Dysuria: Condition characterized by painful or difficult urination.
Foley Catheter: A type of indwelling catheter secured in place by a balloon filled with sterile water, used for urinary drainage.
Ureteral Orifices: Openings where urine exits the ureters into the bladder.
Urinary Hesitancy: The struggle in initiating a urinary stream, often associated with obstruction or nerve issues.
Urethral Meatus: The external terminal of the urethra where urine exits the body.
Neobladder: A surgical construct using a section of small intestine to replace a missing bladder.
Nephropexy: A surgical procedure to stabilize a floating kidney in its normal position.
Urinalysis: A diagnostic test involving the examination of urine for various components and signs of disease.
Renal Colic: Acute and severe pain often linked to kidney stones obstructing the urinary tract.
Bladder Retraining: A behavioral therapy focused on scheduling urination to improve control and reduce accidents.
Cystography: Imaging method used to examine the bladder after introducing a contrast media to enhance visibility.
Meatotomy: Surgical expansion of the urethral meatus to alleviate strictures or obstructions.
Glomerulus: A network of capillaries within each nephron, crucial for filtration in the kidneys.
Transurethral Prostatectomy: A minimally invasive surgery that removes excess tissue from an enlarged prostate using a resectoscope to relieve urinary obstruction.

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Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to the kidneys with flashcards from AHS 102 Chapter 9. This quiz covers essential terms like nephron, nephrolith, and nephrolysis, helping you grasp important concepts in medical language.