Agriculture Techniques Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one advantage of using organic manure over chemical fertilizers?

  • It decreases the water holding capacity of the soil.
  • It requires less frequent application.
  • It increases the soil's acidity.
  • It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil. (correct)

What is the primary reason for the increased frequency of irrigation during summer?

  • Decreased nutrient absorption by plants.
  • Higher crop yield requirements.
  • Lower availability of water sources.
  • Increased rate of water evaporation from soil and leaves. (correct)

What role do friendly microbes play when organic manure is added to the soil?

  • They help in improving soil texture. (correct)
  • They inhibit gas exchange in the soil.
  • They decrease soil porosity.
  • They reduce the nutrient availability for plants.

Which of the following is NOT a source of irrigation?

<p>Snow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is water essential for plants during seed germination?

<p>It acts as a transport medium for nutrients. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of turning and loosening the soil?

<p>To bring nutrient-rich soil to the surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tools is used for tilling the soil?

<p>Plough (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of a traditional plough?

<p>Ploughshaft (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is levelling the field beneficial?

<p>To facilitate sowing and irrigation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of water before ploughing dry soil?

<p>To soften the soil for easier tilling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the big clumps of soil in a ploughed field called?

<p>Crumbs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do dead plants and animals play in soil health?

<p>They release nutrients back into the soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which animal is commonly used to draw a plough?

<p>Bulls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does the removal of weeds serve before sowing crops?

<p>It helps in uprooting and killing weeds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best time to manually remove weeds?

<p>Before they produce flowers and seeds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is primarily used for manual weed removal?

<p>Khurpi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are weedicides primarily used for in agriculture?

<p>Killing weeds without damaging crops. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it typically take for a cereal crop to mature?

<p>3 to 4 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of separating grain seeds from chaff called?

<p>Threshing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which machine combines both harvesting and threshing functions?

<p>Combine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of harvest festivals in agriculture?

<p>They celebrate successful harvesting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of cutting the mature crop called?

<p>Harvesting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to separate grains from chaff?

<p>Threshing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for growing a healthy crop?

<p>Sufficient water and nutrients from the soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Kharif crops typically grown with?

<p>Rainy season (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step before growing crops?

<p>Preparation of the soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of organic manure?

<p>Cow dung (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs correctly matches a crop with its group?

<p>Maize - Kharif crop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of weedicide in crop management?

<p>Controls weed growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of adding manure to the soil before tilling?

<p>It helps in better mixing of manure with the soil. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool is typically used to break soil clumps for better crop yield?

<p>Hoe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the use of ploughs evolved in modern agriculture?

<p>Iron ploughs have increasingly replaced indigenous wooden ploughs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a cultivator in agriculture?

<p>To plough the soil and save time and labor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of damaged seeds makes them lighter and capable of floating on water?

<p>They become hollow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a hoe in agriculture?

<p>To remove weeds and loosen the soil. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is described as having a long rod with a broad, bent plate fixed at one end?

<p>Hoe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of tractor-driven cultivators compared to manual ploughing?

<p>They save labor and time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of tilling and levelling the soil?

<p>To prepare the soil for sowing seeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes rabi crops?

<p>Crops grown in winter and harvested in spring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do seed drills play in agriculture?

<p>Sowing seeds at proper distances and depths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of chemical fertilizers on crop production?

<p>Increasing the yield with new crop varieties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of removing weeds in agriculture?

<p>Weeds compete with crops for resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is irrigation primarily concerned with?

<p>Supply of water to crops at appropriate intervals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is organic manure used for in agriculture?

<p>To replenish and enrich the soil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about crop types is true?

<p>Crops can be categorized based on their seasons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Tilling or Ploughing

The process of loosening and turning the soil, usually done using a plough.

Plough

A tool used for tilling the soil, typically made of wood or iron and pulled by animals.

Ploughshare

The triangular iron part of a plough that cuts and turns the soil.

Ploughshaft

The main wooden part of the plough that connects the ploughshare to the handle and is attached to the animals.

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Top Layer of Soil

The main part of the soil where plants grow and get their nutrients.

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Crumbs

Large clumps of soil created during ploughing.

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Levelling

The process of making the field level to ensure even water distribution and facilitate planting.

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Leveller

A tool used to level the field after ploughing.

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Irrigation

The process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals to support their growth.

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Water Holding Capacity

The amount of water the soil can hold. A good soil has high water holding capacity.

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Friendly Microbes

Friendly microbes in the soil help plants grow, while harmful microbes can cause problems.

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Gas Exchange

The movement of air and gases in the soil, essential for healthy plant growth.

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Soil Texture

This refers to the physical structure of the soil, including its ability to retain water and support plant roots.

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Tilling

The process of loosening and turning the soil, usually done using a plough.

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Weed Removal

The act of removing weeds from a field before they produce flowers and seeds.

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Weedicides

Chemicals sprayed on fields to kill weeds without harming crops.

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Harvesting

The process of harvesting crops involves cutting or pulling them from the ground once they have matured.

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Threshing

The process of separating the grain from the chaff in harvested crops.

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Combine Harvester

A machine that combines harvesting and threshing into one operation.

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Harvest Festival

The day when farmers celebrate the completion of a harvest.

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Sickle

A tool used for hand harvesting crops.

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Seed Drill

A tool designed for planting seeds in rows, which can also help to uproot weeds.

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Animal Husbandry

The practice of raising animals for human use, like meat, milk, or eggs.

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Crop

Different types of plants grown together in a specific area for farming purposes.

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Kharif Crop

A type of crop that is sown in the rainy season, typically from June to October in India.

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Rabi Crop

A type of crop that is sown in the winter season, typically from October to March in India.

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Fertiliser

Substances added to the soil to improve its fertility and help crops grow better.

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Granaries

Special buildings used to store harvested grains, protecting them from pests and insects.

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Weeding

The removal of unwanted plants (weeds) from a crop field to prevent competition for resources like water and nutrients.

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Winnowing

A traditional method of separating grain from chaff using wind. The lighter chaff is blown away, leaving the heavier grain behind.

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Preparation of the soil

The process of preparing the soil for planting, which includes loosening and turning the soil for better air circulation and drainage.

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Sowing

The act of planting seeds in the prepared soil at the right time and depth to ensure successful germination.

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Storage

The practice of storing harvested crops in suitable conditions to protect them from pests, deterioration, and spoilage, ensuring their quality and longevity.

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Study Notes

Crop Production and Management

  • Food production must be large-scale to feed a large population
  • Proper management and distribution are necessary
  • People were nomadic until 10,000 BCE, moving for food
  • They initially hunted and gathered, later cultivating crops like rice and wheat
  • Cultivating the same type of plant on a large area is called a crop
  • Crops are categorized as cereals, vegetables and fruits
  • Crops are classified by the growing season (kharif or rabi)
  • India has diverse climates, which affects crop types and growth

Agricultural Practices

  • Preparation of Soil: Turning and loosening soil for root growth and aeration
  • Sowing: Planting seeds in the soil
  • Adding manure and fertilizer: Providing nutrients for plant growth
  • Irrigation: Regular watering for crop growth
  • Protection against weeds: Controlling unwanted plants that compete with crops
  • Harvesting: Collecting mature crops
  • Storage: Storing harvested crops properly

Agricultural Implements

  • Plough: A tool used for tilling, adding fertilizers, removing weeds, and turning soil
  • Hoe: A simple tool used to remove weeds and loosen the soil
  • Cultivator: Tractor-driven implement used for ploughing; reduces manual work

Sowing

  • Selection of quality seeds: Choosing good quality seeds for better yield
  • Different methods for sowing seeds

Adding Manure and Fertilizers

  • Manure and fertilizers provide essential nutrients to plants
  • Continuous cultivation reduces soil fertility
  • Manure: Organic matter from decomposition of plant or animal wastes.Improves soil texture
  • Fertilizers: Chemical compounds rich in specific plant nutrients. Excessive use can harm soil.

Protecting Crops from Weeds

  • Weeds compete with crops for resources and affect their growth
  • Weeding: Removing weeds manually or using chemicals (weedicides)
  • Weedicides should be used with caution

Harvesting

  • Harvesting involves cutting mature crops
  • Manual or machine-based harvesting methods
  • Separating seeds from stalks

Storage

  • Stored grains, if not properly stored can be prone to moisture, insects, rats, and microorganisms.

Food from Animals

  • Animals provide food like milk, meat, egg etc.
  • Fish provides cod liver oil rich in vitamin D

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