Agricultural Systems and Economics

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Questions and Answers

Which factor was NOT a consideration for Nissan when choosing to locate in Sunderland?

  • Proximity to suppliers (correct)
  • UK Government Support
  • Good transport and communication network
  • Skilled workforce

Nissan received a grant of £40 million from the UK government to support its establishment in Sunderland.

True (A)

What type of location was provided for Nissan's factory development in Sunderland?

A large flat plot of land, specifically a 300-acre disused airfield.

Nissan chose Sunderland for its __________, which included a long tradition in manufacturing.

<p>skilled workforce</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reasons with their respective descriptions:

<p>Skilled workforce = Available labor with manufacturing experience Transport network = Links to major UK cities for logistics Government support = Financial incentives provided to Nissan Large plot of land = 300-acre area allowing for factory development</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of farm primarily focuses on raising animals?

<p>Pastoral farm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All farming systems positively impact the ecosystems they are located in.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between commercial farming and subsistence farming?

<p>Commercial farming aims to make a profit, while subsistence farming is for personal consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Farms that grow both crops and raise animals are called __________ farms.

<p>mixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors influencing the location of an industry:

<p>Cost = Expenses of land and operations Workforce capacity = Availability of skilled labor Regional capability = Access to raw materials and transportation Market demand = Consumer needs and preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an impact of farming systems?

<p>Increased ecosystem diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Monocultures can contribute to higher biodiversity within an ecosystem.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one way farming systems can modify the ecosystem.

<p>Use of machines or fertilizers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nissan's UK location factors

Nissan's decision to locate in Sunderland, UK, was driven by a skilled workforce, transport connections, government support, and land availability.

Skilled Workforce (Sunderland)

Sunderland's history in manufacturing provided a readily available pool of skilled workers for Nissan.

Transport Network (Sunderland)

Sunderland's road and rail infrastructure allowed Nissan efficient transport of cars and parts across Europe.

Government Support (Nissan)

Financial incentives encouraged Nissan to establish production in Sunderland.

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Available Land (Sunderland)

A large plot of land, a former airfield, allowed Nissan to expand its factory and other facilities.

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Arable farm

A farm that grows crops.

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Pastoral farm

A farm that raises animals.

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Mixed farm

A farm that grows crops and raises animals.

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Commercial farming

Farming for profit.

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Subsistence farming

Farming only to feed one's family.

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Monoculture

Growing only one type of crop.

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Soil erosion

Loss of topsoil due to farming.

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Farm as System

A farm has inputs, processes, and outputs.

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Study Notes

Agricultural Systems

  • Farming is the use and modification of ecosystems to obtain food.
  • Farms are areas of land with buildings used for growing crops or raising livestock.
  • Farms are categorized as arable (crops), pastoral (animals), mixed (both), and market gardens (fruits, vegetables, flowers).
  • Commercial farming aims for profit, while subsistence farming aims to feed the family.
  • All farms are systems with inputs, processes, and outputs.

Farm as an Economic System

  • Inputs: Physical (climate, soil, relief), human (subsidies, machinery, labor, pesticides/fertilizers, seeds).
  • Processes: Ploughing, milking, sowing, sheep shearing, pest control, fertilising, harvesting, feeding.
  • Outputs: Cereal crops, hay/straw, milk, meat, manure, vegetables, eggs.

Impacts of Farming Systems

  • Farming impacts the ecosystem; some more than others.
  • Monocultures reduce ecosystem diversity.
  • Fertilizers can cycle nutrients in the soil.
  • Farming methods modify the ecosystem.
  • Farming reduces food webs and biomass.
  • Farming can lead to soil erosion, desertification, habitat loss, and salinization.
  • Important for food production, but can negatively impact the environment.

Five Factors for Finding a Suitable Industrial Site

  • 1. Cost: Land, equipment, communications, wages, training, taxes, and infrastructure.
  • 2. Workforce: Availability of skilled labor.
  • 3. Regional Capability: Raw materials, transportation networks, and infrastructure.
  • 4. Culture and Lifestyle: Attracting talented workers, favorable government policies, good quality of life.
  • 5. Customers: Proximity to the market
  • Essential considerations for industrial location.

Nissan's Location Requirements in Sunderland

  • 1. Skilled workforce: Sunderland has a history of manufacturing, providing a skilled workforce.
  • 2. Communication and Transportation Network: Good road and rail links with UK cities and Europe.
  • 3. Government support: Financial incentives from the UK government.
  • 4. Suitable land: A large, flat plot for factory expansion and development.

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