48 Questions
Which of the following is an example of adaptive immunity?
B cells
What is the function of dendritic cells in the immune system?
Stimulate development of adaptive immunity
Which cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity?
T cells
What is the main function of natural killer cells?
Destroy target cells
Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?
Involves nonspecific responses to pathogens
What is the role of eosinophils in the immune system?
Kill parasites
Which cells are involved in phagocytosis?
Neutrophils
What is the main function of monocytes in the immune system?
Phagocytosis
Which component of blood is responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide?
Red Blood Cells
What is the main role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
Recognize groups of pathogens
Which part of the immune system is active immediately upon infection?
Innate immunity
What is the function of mucus membranes in the immune system?
Trap and move bacteria away from the body
Which cells can carry out extracellular killing?
Neutrophils
What is the function of antibodies in the immune response?
Mark pathogens for destruction and/or phagocytosis
What do B cells secrete in response to antigen binding?
Soluble form of the protein called an antibody or immunoglobulin (Ig)
Which cells can distinguish normal from infected cells via membrane proteins?
Natural killer lymphocytes (NK cells)
What is the main function of phagocytic cells?
Engulf and digest pathogens
What is the role of antigens in the immune response?
Elicit a response from a B or T cell
What is the primary function of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)?
Kill via immobilization of pathogens
What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?
Active immunity develops naturally when memory cells form clones in response to an infection, while passive immunity is when antibodies are directly donated
What is the function of opsonization in the immune response?
Mark pathogens for destruction and/or phagocytosis
What is the purpose of vaccination?
To elicit an immune response and develop immunological memory
What is the function of natural killer lymphocytes (NK cells) in the immune response?
To distinguish normal from infected cells via membrane proteins
What is the role of mast cells in the immune response?
Release signaling molecules to initiate an inflammatory response
Which of the following is true about adaptive immunity?
It develops after exposure to specific pathogens
What is the main function of dendritic cells in the immune system?
Stimulate development of adaptive immunity
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the immune system?
Phagocytosis
What is the main role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
Recognize groups of pathogens
What is the function of opsonization in the immune response?
Enhance phagocytosis of pathogens
What is the main function of natural killer cells in the immune response?
Destroy target cells
What is the function of mucus membranes in the immune system?
Trap and move bacteria away from the body
What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?
It is long-lasting and involves memory cells
What do eosinophils primarily target in the immune system?
Parasites
What is the main function of monocytes in the immune system?
Phagocytosis
What distinguishes innate immunity from adaptive immunity?
It is effective from the time of birth
Which component of blood is responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide?
Red blood cells
What is the function of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the immune response?
Immobilization and killing of pathogens
Which of the following is an example of passive immunization?
Transfusion of antibodies
What is the primary function of natural killer lymphocytes (NK cells) in the immune response?
Inducing apoptosis in infected cells
What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?
Active immunity involves the formation of memory cells, while passive immunity does not
What is the main role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immune system?
Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Which cells can distinguish normal from infected cells via membrane proteins?
Natural killer cells
What is the function of opsonization in the immune response?
Facilitating phagocytosis of pathogens
What is the main function of monocytes in the immune system?
Differentiating into macrophages
What is the main function of mast cells in the immune response?
Release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators
What is the function of mucus membranes in the immune system?
Physical barrier against pathogens
Which cells are involved in phagocytosis?
Macrophages and neutrophils
What is the main function of dendritic cells in the immune system?
Antigen presentation to T cells
Test your knowledge of agricultural microbiology with this quiz covering topics such as microorganisms and disease, the immune system, pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses, antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, and microbiology in the food industry.
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