Agricultural Credit Practices Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for providing credit to farmers?

  • Offering credit at a reasonable rate of interest.
  • Providing credit based on crop estimates.
  • Ensuring easy procedures for obtaining credit.
  • Providing credit solely against assets. (correct)

What is the primary purpose of marketing loans for farmers?

  • To increase crop production directly.
  • To purchase agricultural equipment.
  • To fund personal consumption needs.
  • To help farmers avoid distress sales. (correct)

Which of the following best describes investment loans?

  • Loans to be repaid within 6 to 18 months for crop cultivation.
  • Loans for equipment that has a productive life extending beyond one year. (correct)
  • Loans to cover marketing costs of agricultural produce.
  • Loans for personal or family expenditures.

What is the typical repayment period for seasonal agricultural operations or crop loans?

<p>Within a period of 6 months to 18 months. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is not a classification of credit?

<p>Based on Region. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer takes a loan for the purchase of a new tractor. Under which type of loan is this categorized?

<p>Investment Loan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe mentioned for repayment of consumption loan?

<p>Within 5 crop seasons or 2.5 years (whichever is less). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common malpractice of money lenders?

<p>Providing detailed receipts or passbooks for transactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant cause for the increased dependence on agriculture during the British rule?

<p>Decline of Indian industries and handicrafts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for the continued dominance of money lenders in rural credit despite their unethical practices?

<p>Their simple lending process and timely assistance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is considered an institutional agricultural credit agency?

<p>Co-operative banks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are farmers in India vulnerable to exploitation by credit agencies?

<p>Their ignorance and illiteracy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides money lenders, which non-institutional agencies provide agricultural credit?

<p>Traders, commission agents, relatives and landlords. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do money lenders manipulate loan amounts?

<p>They get thumb impressions or signatures on blank papers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of agriculture's heavy dependence on monsoons in India?

<p>High vulnerability of farmers to heavy debt during droughts and floods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical practice of money lenders regarding interest collection?

<p>They collect the full year's interest in advance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily determines the quantum of credit for agricultural activities, as fixed by banks?

<p>The unit cost of assets, existing allied activities, and repayment capacity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL) for a Kisan Credit Card calculated?

<p>The sum of the short-term loan limit for the fifth year and the estimated long-term loan requirement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Kisan Credit Card limits bifurcated into sub-limits for short-term and term loans?

<p>Due to differing interest rates, subvention schemes, and repayment schedules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a district level committee increases the scale of finance by more than 10% in any given year, what does the bank do?

<p>The bank may have to revise the drawable limits and the farmer is advised of the adjustments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can installments for term loans be withdrawn?

<p>Based on the nature of investment and the repayment schedule, matching the economic life of the investment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a large farmer be considered a wilful defaulter?

<p>Because they used the loan amount profitably, yet failed to repay the loan. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor, besides security, that impacts a loan's safety according to the text?

<p>The borrower's personality or credit character. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of productivity emphasize in the context of credit?

<p>Credit use should increase the productivity of the enterprise where it's used and it should increase the productivity of the other factors used in that enterprise. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of phased disbursement of loans according to the content?

<p>To ensure proper usage of the borrowed funds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of proper utilization of credit primarily focus on?

<p>Using borrowed funds for the purpose for which they were lent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of phased disbursement of loans?

<p>It can increase the cost of credit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the personality of the borrower related to the growth of financial institutions?

<p>The personality of the borrower and the growth of the financial institutions are positively correlated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the principle of proper utilization, what is something that needs to be ensured in rural areas?

<p>That resources such as seeds and fertilizers are free from adulteration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest should ideally happen when investing in high-yielding varieties (HYVs)?

<p>It should also increase productivity of other factors employed in the production activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which farmer would NOT be considered a wilful defaulter?

<p>A farmer who experiences crop failure due to natural calamities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme?

<p>To offer a single window for adequate and timely credit support to farmers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following farmer types are eligible for the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme?

<p>Owner cultivators, tenant farmers, oral lessees, and sharecroppers, including SHGs/JLGs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a farmer cultivating a single crop per year, what is included when calculating the short-term credit limit for the first year?

<p>Scale of finance for the crop, 10% for post-harvest needs, and 20% for farm asset repairs and insurance costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the credit limit adjusted for the second and subsequent years under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme?

<p>It is increased by 10% of the previous year's limit plus any estimated term loan component. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included under the long-term credit limit portion of the Kisan Credit Card (KCC)?

<p>Investments towards land development and purchase of farm equipment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including a 10% addition in the credit limit for a farmer with a KCC beyond the first year?

<p>To account for cost escalation and an increase in the scale of finance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a farmer changes their cropping pattern, how does it affect their Kisan Credit Card limit?

<p>The limit may be reworked based on the new cropping pattern. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides cultivation, what other types of needs can Kisan Credit Card be used for?

<p>Post-harvest, marketing expenses, household needs, and maintenance of assets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For farmers raising multiple crops in a year, how is their credit limit calculated under the KCC scheme for the first year?

<p>It is calculated based on the crops cultivated as per their proposed cropping pattern. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tenure of a typical Kisan Credit Card?

<p>Five years, with limits for each year being progressively worked out. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Credit against crops

Credit provided based on crop estimates and repayment capacity.

Effective credit inspection

Agencies must ensure proper use of provided credit.

Types of credit instruments

Common tools for borrowing include cheques, promissory notes, etc.

Production loan

Short-term loans for increasing crop production, repayable quickly.

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Investment loan

Loans for long-term equipment with benefits over multiple years.

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Marketing loan

Loans to help farmers market their produce effectively.

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Consumption loan

Loans for personal use, not directly linked to production.

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Exorbitant interest rates

Extremely high charges on loans, making repayment difficult.

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Manipulation of accounts

Falsifying financial records to present misleading information.

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Agricultural dependence

Reliance on agriculture as the primary source of income.

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Low literacy levels

Poor education standards among agricultural farmers, leading to exploitation.

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Non-Institutional credit sources

Private lenders such as money lenders, traders, and relatives providing loans.

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Money lenders

Individuals who lend money at high-interest rates, often exploiting borrowers.

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Traders and commission agents

Individuals who provide financial support in agriculture, often linked to sales.

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Institutional credit sources

Formal organizations like banks providing loans to farmers.

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Indian agricultural credit agencies

Organizations providing loans including cooperatives, commercial banks, and NABARD.

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Willful Defaulter

A borrower who does not repay loans despite using funds profitably.

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Credit Character

The reliability and integrity of a borrower in repaying loans.

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Productivity Principle

Credit should enhance output and improve related factors in production.

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Phased Disbursement

Distributing loan amounts in stages for better productivity assurance.

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Proper Utilization

Using borrowed funds strictly for intended purposes.

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Natural Calamities Impact

Events like floods or droughts affecting a farmer’s loan repayment ability.

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Agricultural Loans

Financial assistance for farmers to improve production and productivity.

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Loan Security

Assets pledged as collateral to back up a loan.

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Complementary Factors

Additional resources that enhance primary production factors.

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Interest Rates

Cost of borrowing, often higher for term loans due to phased disbursement.

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Maximum Permissible Limit (MPL)

The total loan limit combining short-term and estimated long-term needs for farmers.

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Sub-limits

Separate limits set for different types of loans, like short-term and term loans.

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Interest Subvention Scheme

A government scheme providing lower interest rates on short-term crop loans.

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Drawing limit

The maximum amount a farmer can withdraw against their loan limit in a given year.

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Repayment schedule

A plan outlining how and when a loan will be repaid based on investment type.

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Kisan Credit Card Scheme

A scheme providing timely credit support to farmers from banks.

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Short term credit

Credit for immediate needs like crop cultivation and post-harvest expenses.

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Long term credit

Loan components for investment in agriculture-related activities.

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Eligibility criteria

Requirements to qualify for Kisan Credit Card include various types of farmers.

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Credit limit calculation

Determined based on crop type, area cultivated, and additional requirements.

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Scale of finance

The predetermined financial amount per crop decided by a committee.

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Post-harvest expenses

Costs incurred after harvesting, including storage and selling.

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Repairs and maintenance

Funds allocated for maintaining and repairing farm assets.

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Tenant farmers

Farmers who do not own the land they cultivate but lease it.

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Joint Liability Groups

Groups of farmers who share responsibility for credit and repayment.

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Study Notes

Third Semester B.Sc(Hons.) Agri.

  • Course No.: Ag.Econ.3.2
  • Course Title: Agricultural Finance and Co-operation
  • Credit: 2+1=3
  • Theory Note

Course Curriculum

  • Course No: Ag. Econ 3.2
  • Credit: 2 + 1 = 3
  • Course Title: Agricultural Finance and Co-operation
  • Sub topics to be taught in the course are listed below, alongside the textbook/reference books, page numbers, and publishers information.

Agricultural Finance

  • Meaning, scope and significance, Credit needs, and its role in Indian agriculture
  • Agricultural credit: meaning, definition, need, classification

Credit analysis

  • 3 R's, 5C's, and 7 P's of credit, repayment plan

Institutional and Non-institutional sources

  • Institutional sources
  • Non-institutional sources

Sources of agricultural finance

  • Commercial Banks
  • Social control and nationalization of commercial banks

Micro financing

  • KCC, Lead bank scheme, RRBS

Scale of finance and unit cost

  • Scale of finance
  • Unit cost

Introduction to higher financing institutions

  • RBI, NABARD
  • ADB, IMF, world bank, insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation of India

Recent development in agricultural credit

  • Status, issues and future of credit in India
  • Preparation and analysis of financial statements

Agricultural Cooperation in India

  • Meaning, brief history, objectives, principles, significance of cooperation, significance of cooperatives in Indian agriculture

Reference Books

  • Agricultural Finance and Management by S. Subba Reddy and P. Raghu Ram, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi
  • Agricultural economics by S. Subba Reddy, P. Raghu Ram, T.V. Neelakanta Sastry and I. Bhavani Devi, Second Edition, Oxford & IBH Publising Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi
  • An introduction to Agricultural Finance by U. K. Pandey, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi

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