Agile and Scrum Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a core value of the Agile Manifesto?

Working software over comprehensive documentation. (correct)

Contract negotiation over customer collaboration.

Documentation over working software.

Processes and tools over individuals and interactions.

How often should working software be delivered according to Agile principles?

Every few months.

At least once a quarter.

Only after project completion.

Frequently, weeks rather than months. (correct)

Which role is responsible for managing and prioritizing the backlog in the Scrum framework?

Scrum Master.

Project Manager.

Lead Developer.

Product Owner. (correct)

What is the definition of Scrum?

A method that organizes development into focused periods called sprints. Signup and view all the answers

What principle emphasizes the value of co-location and direct communication?

Face-to-Face Communication. Signup and view all the answers

According to Agile principles, how should teams respond to changes?

Embrace and welcome changes. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a primary measure of progress in Agile development?

Functional software. Signup and view all the answers

Which agreement best describes a characteristic of self-organizing teams in Agile?

Teams are given autonomy to organize their own work. Signup and view all the answers

What does the EQF (Estimation Quality Factor) measure?

The accuracy of your estimations. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle ensures that a class only has one reason to change?

Single Responsibility Principle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern?

To enhance code maintainability by separating concerns. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception regarding resource estimation in project management?

Bias only refers to overestimating resources. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of project management, what does the Constraint Triangle represent?

The balance needed between time, cost, and quality. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of task prioritization in Triage?

Optional Signup and view all the answers

What does the DRY principle emphasize in software development?

Store data and logic in one authoritative place. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons adding more people to a late project may cause further delays?

Onboarding time and coordination needs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Daily Scrum/Stand-up meeting?

To review progress, plan the day, and discuss blockers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Sprint Review meeting?

It reviews completed work, demonstrates the product, and updates the backlog. Signup and view all the answers

What is a core tenet of Test-Driven Development (TDD) in Extreme Programming?

Write tests before writing the code to ensure it works as expected. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'Planning Poker' in an Agile context?

A consensus-based estimation technique that reduces bias. Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of Continuous Integration in Extreme Programming?

To regularly merge everyone’s code to ensure it works together. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Sprint Burn Down chart?

It tracks sprint progress and workload remaining. Signup and view all the answers

Which practice emphasizes delivering small updates to users frequently?

Small Releases Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not typically emphasized in Extreme Programming?

Working independently without customer input. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Agile Overview

Agile is a flexible software development method focused on iterative progress, collaboration, and adapting to change.
Core Agile values prioritize individuals and interactions over processes; working software over comprehensive documentation; customer collaboration over contract negotiation; and responding to change over following a plan.
Twelve principles of Agile emphasize delivering valuable software quickly and continuously. Changes are welcomed and embraced, working software is delivered frequently (e.g., weekly), process progress is measured by working software, and teams maintain a consistent pace. Communication is prioritized through face-to-face interaction. Motivated individuals and technical excellence are important. Teams that are self-organizing are effective. Reflection and adjustment are important to adapt to change.

Scrum Overview

Scrum is a development method that organizes work into short periods called sprints, aiming for incremental improvements.
It was developed by Hirotaka Takeuchi and Ikujiro Nonaka in 1986, drawing inspiration from good manufacturing practices.
Scrum emphasizes aspects of sequential to iterative development processes where all aspects of development are handled by teams.

Scrum Framework

Key roles include the Product Owner (liaising with stakeholders and managing the backlog), Scrum Master (facilitating practices, managing meetings, removing obstacles). Developers self-organize to complete sprint goals.
Artifacts include a Product Backlog (dynamic list of features prioritized by the Product Owner), and Sprint Backlog (tasks planned for the current sprint, signed up for by developers).
Meetings include a Daily Scrum, Sprint Review and Sprint Retrospective.

Sprint Process

Sprint Planning involves customer prioritization of work items from the backlog, and developers determining tasks for the sprint backlog.
Sprint execution occurs over approximately 1-4 weeks.
A deliverable product version is produced in each sprint.
Sprint Burn Down tracks sprint progress and Release Burn Down tracks project progress across multiple sprints.

Planning Poker

Planning Poker is a collaborative estimation technique integral to Agile, used for estimating, reducing anchoring bias, utilizing group intelligence, and enabling consensus-based estimation.

Extreme Programming (XP)

XP emphasizes high-quality software development within short development cycles and teamwork.
Key XP practices include test-driven development (writing tests before code, checking functionality), pair programming (two developers collaborating on the same code), continuous integration, small releases, simple designs, and customer collaboration.

Software Cost Estimation and Project Management

Estimation Quality Factor (EQF) shows accuracy of estimates, while Bias reflects overestimation or underestimation.
Success rates for projects on time and within budget are relatively low (16%). Success requires user engagement, executive support, and clear requirements.

Failure Factors

Common project failure factors include poor planning, incomplete requirements, and lack of experienced team members.

Constraint Triangle

Balancing project time, cost, and quality is central. Improving one usually results in reduction in another.

Mythical Man-Month

Adding more people to a late project often results in further delays.

Triage

Prioritization of tasks according to severity and impact, categorized into Must Do, Good to Do, and Nice to Do.

Object-Oriented Design (OO)

SOLID Principles form the foundation of Object-Oriented Design (OO), covering Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion principles.
Design Patterns such as Factory, Builder, MVC enhance flexibility and maintainability.

Design Patterns

MVC is used for separating program into Model (data), View (user interface), and Controller (logic) components. It helps make components easier to fix, update, and reuse. Other design patterns such as Double-Checked Locking are used for concurrency control.
Abstraction and reuse are central to effective software design.

DRY Principle

DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) ensures that data and logic are stored in one clear authoritative place.

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Description

Explore the key concepts of Agile and Scrum methodologies. This quiz covers the core values, principles of Agile, and the structure of Scrum sprints. Test your understanding of iterative development, collaboration, and adaptability in software development practices.