Podcast
Questions and Answers
What event marked the shift in Japan's foreign policy towards aggression in 1929?
What event marked the shift in Japan's foreign policy towards aggression in 1929?
Military leaders taking control of the country.
Who did the militarists in Japan make the symbol of state power?
Who did the militarists in Japan make the symbol of state power?
Emperor Hirohito.
What economic solution did the militarists view as the key to Japan's problems?
What economic solution did the militarists view as the key to Japan's problems?
Foreign expansion.
What was the first target of Japan's aggression in order to secure raw materials?
What was the first target of Japan's aggression in order to secure raw materials?
Signup and view all the answers
What region did Japan invade in 1931 that was rich in iron and coal?
What region did Japan invade in 1931 that was rich in iron and coal?
Signup and view all the answers
What action did Japan take in 1933 in relation to the League of Nations?
What action did Japan take in 1933 in relation to the League of Nations?
Signup and view all the answers
What event in 1935 led Mussolini to order a massive invasion of Ethiopia?
What event in 1935 led Mussolini to order a massive invasion of Ethiopia?
Signup and view all the answers
In defiance of the Treaty of Versailles, what action did Hitler take in 1935?
In defiance of the Treaty of Versailles, what action did Hitler take in 1935?
Signup and view all the answers
What area was designated as a buffer zone between Germany and France by the Treaty of Versailles?
What area was designated as a buffer zone between Germany and France by the Treaty of Versailles?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant event occurred in 1936 involving German troops and the Rhineland?
What significant event occurred in 1936 involving German troops and the Rhineland?
Signup and view all the answers
What pact was made between Hitler and Mussolini, solidifying their alliance?
What pact was made between Hitler and Mussolini, solidifying their alliance?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the policy that the US accepted in the 1930s, advocating for staying out of wars and conflicts?
What was the policy that the US accepted in the 1930s, advocating for staying out of wars and conflicts?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the US ban through the Neutrality Acts of 1935 in an attempt to stay out of conflicts?
What did the US ban through the Neutrality Acts of 1935 in an attempt to stay out of conflicts?
Signup and view all the answers
Despite the League of Nations' restrictions, which country continued selling oil to Italy, a crucial resource for their war machine?
Despite the League of Nations' restrictions, which country continued selling oil to Italy, a crucial resource for their war machine?
Signup and view all the answers
What term refers to the union between Austria and Germany, which was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles?
What term refers to the union between Austria and Germany, which was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles?
Signup and view all the answers
What policy did Britain and France adopt towards Hitler's demands, characterized by making compromises to avoid conflict?
What policy did Britain and France adopt towards Hitler's demands, characterized by making compromises to avoid conflict?
Signup and view all the answers
Who believed that giving in to Hitler's demands, as seen in the Munich Conference, would preserve peace?
Who believed that giving in to Hitler's demands, as seen in the Munich Conference, would preserve peace?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
US Policy of Isolationism
- The US adopted the policy of Isolationism, believing that the nation should stay out of wars and conflicts that don't concern it.
- Congress passed several Neutrality Acts in 1935, banning loans and the sale of arms to nations at war.
- Despite the Neutrality Acts, the US continued selling oil to Italy, which was a crucial necessity for the Italian war machine.
German Reich Expands
- The Treaty of Versailles prohibited ANSCHLUSS (a union between Austria and Germany).
- In 1938, Hitler annexed Austria, violating the Treaty of Versailles.
- Hitler then demanded that the Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia with 3 million Germans) be given to Germany.
- Britain and France chose Appeasement, a policy of making compromises to appease an enemy or potential aggressor.
- In 1938, the Munich Conference was held, where Sudetenland was given to Hitler.
- Six months later, Hitler attacked the rest of Czechoslovakia.
Aggressors Invade Nations
- In 1935, Mussolini seized Albania.
- Hitler demanded that Poland return the former German port of Danzig.
- Hitler signed a Nonaggression Pact with Stalin, promising not to attack the Soviet Union in return for Stalin not joining the Allies with France and England.
Japan
- Until the Great Depression in 1929, Japan tried to maintain peaceful relationships with China.
- In 1929, military leaders increased support and took control of the country.
- Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931, rich in iron and coal, and set up a puppet government.
- In 1933, Japan withdrew from the League of Nations, which failed to react to the invasion.
- In 1937, Japan attacked northern China.
Italy and Germany
- Germany and Italy were impressed with Japan's actions and realized the League of Nations' failure.
- In 1935, Mussolini ordered a massive invasion of Ethiopia to avenge the defeat in the 1890s.
- The League of Nations condemned the attack but did nothing, hoping that silence would satisfy Mussolini and keep peace in Europe.
Germany Rearms
- The Treaty of Versailles forbade Germany from rearmament, but in 1935, Hitler started rearming Germany.
- In 1936, German troops moved into the Rhineland, a buffer zone or "no man's land" between Germany and France.
- The lack of action taken after taking over Rhineland was a turning point towards the war.
Rome – Berlin Axis
- A pact was made between Hitler and Mussolini, forming the Axis Powers.
Civil War in Spain
- In 1936, a civil war broke out in Spain that lasted 3 years.
- Hitler and Mussolini sent troops, tanks, and airplanes to help Franco's forces, called the Nationalists.
- In 1939, Republican resistance collapsed, and Francisco Franco became Spain's Fascist dictator.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers Japan's shift towards militarism and aggression towards China, including the invasion of Manchuria. It discusses the role of military leaders, the emperor Hirohito, and the motives behind Japan's expansionist policies.
