Questions and Answers
What is the primary layer affected in Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)?
Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool for Macular Diseases?
What is the characteristic feature of Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)?
What is the function of the Retina Pigment Epithelium (RPE) in the eye?
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Which of the following is a risk factor for Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)?
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What is the purpose of Ophthalmoscopy in diagnosing Macular Diseases?
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What is the term for the accumulation of waste material under the Retina Pigment Epithelium (RPE)?
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Which of the following is a complication of Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD)?
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What can cause macular atrophy or reduced function due to thinning?
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What is essential to the retina’s survival?
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What is Comotio retinae referred to as?
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What can be a consequence of traumatic maculopathy?
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What is the term for damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors?
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What can cause damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors?
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What is the term for subretinal neovascular membrane?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by the appearance of alternating light and dark lines on fluorescein angiography?
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What is the treatment for ARMD?
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What is the name of the condition where there is a hole in the macula?
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What is the term for a condition where the thyroid gland affects the eyes?
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What is the name of the condition where the retina becomes thin and the retinal pigment epithelium is disrupted?
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What is the term for a condition where new blood vessels grow under the retina in response to myopia?
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What is the name of the chart used to detect scotoma?
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What is the term for a condition where the retina becomes thick and swollen due to fluid accumulation?
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What is the term for a condition where there is a membrane that grows on the surface of the retina, causing visual disturbances?
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Study Notes
Macular Diseases
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is a condition that affects the Retina Pigment Epithelium (RPE)
- ARMD is caused by drusen, which are small yellow or white deposits that accumulate under the retina
- ARMD can lead to blindness due to leakage of fluid or bleeding under the retina
- Amsler chart is used to detect ARMD, and it can help identify scotoma (blind spots) in the visual field
Types of ARMD
- Dry ARMD: characterized by the presence of drusen and pigmentary changes in the RPE
- Exudative ARMD: characterized by the growth of new blood vessels under the retina, leading to leakage and bleeding
- Disciform degeneration: a type of exudative ARMD that leads to blindness
Other Macular Diseases
- Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: a condition that causes fluid accumulation under the retina, leading to vision loss
- Cystoid Macular Oedema (CMO): a type of macular edema that causes vision loss due to fluid accumulation
- Epiretinal Membranes: a condition that causes wrinkling of the retina, leading to vision loss
- Macular Hole: a hole in the center of the macula that can cause vision loss
- Choroidal Folds: a condition that causes folds in the choroid layer of the eye, leading to vision loss
Myopic Macular Degeneration
- Myopia can cause stretching of the macula, leading to macular atrophy or reduced function
- Stretching can cause thinning of the photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to myopic macular degeneration (MMD)
Traumatic Maculopathy
- Traumatic maculopathy is a condition that occurs due to direct or indirect trauma to the globe
- Comotio retinae refers to traumatic retinopathy secondary to direct or indirect trauma to the globe
Hereditary Macular Dystrophies
- Hereditary macular dystrophies are a group of conditions that affect the macula and are inherited
- Examples include POHS (Presumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome), AMPPE (Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy), and VKH (Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease)
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Description
Learn about Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD), its causes, symptoms, and diagnosis. Understand the types of ARMD and its effects on vision.