Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who were the cartographers that produced a new map calling the New World 'America'?
Who were the cartographers that produced a new map calling the New World 'America'?
Which two empires developed a vigorous seaborne trade system in the early stages of exploration?
Which two empires developed a vigorous seaborne trade system in the early stages of exploration?
What was the main source of Spain's wealth during this time?
What was the main source of Spain's wealth during this time?
Who was the first to circumnavigate the globe?
Who was the first to circumnavigate the globe?
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What was Sir Francis Drake known as to the Spanish?
What was Sir Francis Drake known as to the Spanish?
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What was Sir Martin Frobisher known for besides being an explorer and navigator?
What was Sir Martin Frobisher known for besides being an explorer and navigator?
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Who was a favorite of Queen Elizabeth and known for being handsome and debonair?
Who was a favorite of Queen Elizabeth and known for being handsome and debonair?
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Where did John Cabot discover fish-filled waters in the 1490s?
Where did John Cabot discover fish-filled waters in the 1490s?
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What sparked the interest of people to explore the world beyond the 'Green Seas of Darkness'?
What sparked the interest of people to explore the world beyond the 'Green Seas of Darkness'?
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What was Prince Henry of Portugal known for?
What was Prince Henry of Portugal known for?
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What was the significance of Amerigo Vespucci's report about the West Indies?
What was the significance of Amerigo Vespucci's report about the West Indies?
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What was Amerigo Vespucci's role in Spain?
What was Amerigo Vespucci's role in Spain?
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What was Amerigo Vespucci's contribution to European cartography?
What was Amerigo Vespucci's contribution to European cartography?
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What was the main motivation behind the expeditions during the Age of Exploration?
What was the main motivation behind the expeditions during the Age of Exploration?
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What was the result of Prince Henry's efforts to create maps and sponsor expeditions?
What was the result of Prince Henry's efforts to create maps and sponsor expeditions?
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Study Notes
Age of Exploration
- The Age of Exploration was a time when Europe sought wealth and new lands by taking to the seas.
- It was a time of great curiosity, with people wanting to explore beyond the "Green Seas of Darkness".
Mapping the New World
- Prince Henry of Portugal, known as "Henry the Navigator", sponsored expeditions into the unknown and established a school of oceanic navigation.
- He created maps used by later explorers, sparking the spirit of exploration in Europe.
- Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian navigator and cartographer, reported that the West Indies were not part of Asia but a new continent.
- King Ferdinand promoted Vespucci to chief navigator of Spain, where he developed a method of determining longitude and advanced European cartography.
- Cartographers Ringmann and Waldseemuller produced a map calling the New World "America", after Amerigo Vespucci.
Seaborne Commerce
- Spain and Portugal were the early leaders in exploration, with Spain's wealth coming from gold and silver mined from the Americas.
- They also traded in agricultural products, which helped line their pockets.
- Spain grew its Oriental and Indian trading franchise, while the rest of Europe initially stayed out of their way.
Early Privateers
- The French committed the first acts of piracy against the Spanish in the waters off the Azores.
- French privateers, government-sanctioned pirates, boarded and raided Spanish ships carrying wealth and treasure.
- The Dutch also got involved with their own privateers, known as Sea Beggars.
- The English Sea Dogs, led by John Hawkins and later Sir Francis Drake, were arguably the most skilled pirates of the Age.
English Sea Dogs
- John Hawkins emerged as the leader of the English Sea Dogs, raiding Spanish ships and dabbling in the African slave trade.
- Sir Francis Drake, a British explorer, slave trader, and privateer, took over as England's premier privateer and served his country well.
- Drake was dubbed "El Draque" by the Spanish and had a bounty on his head, but he was a hero to his fellow Englishmen.
- Drake was an excellent navigator and became the second recorded European to circumnavigate the globe.
- Other notable English privateers include Sir Martin Frobisher, who explored and navigated, and Sir Walter Raleigh, who established the first English colony in America on Roanoke Island.
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Description
Explore the fascinating era of pirates and treasure hunts during the Age of Exploration, a time of maritime terror and discovery.
