Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
Who was the first Portuguese Viceroy of India?
Vasco da Gama was the first to discover the sea route to India.
True
What year did the East India Company receive a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I?
1600
The Battle of Plassey occurred in _______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following Anglo-Mysore Wars with their outcomes:
Signup and view all the answers
What was the result of the 3rd Carnatic War?
Signup and view all the answers
Who led the British forces in the Battle of Buxar?
Signup and view all the answers
The Treaty of Amritsar was signed between Duleep Singh and the Britishers.
Signup and view all the answers
The 1st Jute Mill in India was established in _______.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the capital of Bengal in 1704?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Treaty of Tordesillas
- Divided the newly discovered lands between Portugal (East) and Spain (West).
Portuguese Explorers
- Vasco da Gama reached Calicut, India, in 1498; first to discover the sea route to India.
- Francisco de Almeida appointed as the 1st Portuguese Viceroy of India in 1505.
- Implemented Blue Water Policy and CartazeD system for trade licenses.
- Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa in 1510 and abolished the practice of Sati.
Dutch Influence
- Netherlands established their first factory in Masulipatnam in 1605, located in current Andhra Pradesh.
British Expansion
- East India Company was established in 1599 and granted a Royal Charter by Queen Elizabeth I in 1600.
- William Hawkins appeased Emperor Jahangir in 1608; first factory set up in Surat in 1613.
- Thomas Roe visited Jahangir’s court to receive trading rights in 1615.
French Ventures
- Established their first factory at Surat in 1668.
Carnatic Wars
- Conflicted with the British vs French, consisting of three wars from 1744 to 1763.
- The 1st Carnatic War ended in 1748 with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.
- The 2nd began with the Battle of Ambur in 1749 and ended in 1754 with the Treaty of Pondicherry.
- The British won the 3rd Carnatic War, ending in 1763 with the Treaty of Paris.
Bengal Conquests
- First Nawab of Bengal: Murshid Quli Khan, who received a tax privilege via Golden Farman from Farrukhsiyar.
- Siraj-Ud-Daulah, last Nawab, orchestrated the Black Hole Tragedy of Calcutta against British captives.
- Battle of Plassey in 1757 led to Siraj's defeat and Mir Jafar's appointment as Nawab.
- Battle of Buxar in 1764 resulted in British control and signatories including Shah Alam II and Shuja-ud-Daulah.
Mysore Wars
- Wodeyar Dynasty governed Mysore; Hyder Ali formed alliances with Marathas and Nizam of Hyderabad.
- The 1st Anglo-Mysore War (1767-69) ended with a Treaty of Madras favoring Mysore.
- The 2nd Anglo-Mysore War (1780-84) saw the rise of Tipu Sultan after Hyder Ali's death.
- The 3rd Anglo-Mysore War (1790-92) resulted in Tipu Sultan’s defeat and significant territorial losses.
Subsidiary Alliance
- Introduced by French Governor General Dupleix and utilized by British Lord Wellesley in the late 18th century.
- Initial states included Hyderabad in 1798, Mysore and Tanjore in 1799, Awadh in 1801, and Peshawar in 1802.
Marathas Conflicts
- Engaged in three major wars against the British.
- The 1st War from 1775-82, 2nd War from 1803-06, and 3rd War from 1817-18.
Sikh Conflicts
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh ruled Punjab until 1839.
- Treaty of Amritsar (1809) established peace between Britishers and Maharaja Duleep Singh.
- 1st Anglo-Sikh War in 1845 and 2nd in 1848 solidified British control.
Afghan Wars
- The 1st Afghan War (1839-42), 2nd (1879-80), and 3rd (1919) led to varying degrees of British influence.
- The Treaty of Gandamak followed the 2nd Afghan War.
Notable Historical Points
- Chandannagar, French colony from 1673, established a trading port in Bengal.
- Hickey’s Bengal Gazette was the first English-language newspaper in India.
- Battle of Swally (1612) featured conflict between British and Portuguese forces.
- The capital of Bengal was Murshidabad by 1704.
- First cotton mill opened in India in 1818; first jute mill established in Rishra, West Bengal, in 1855.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Learn about the European explorers who sailed to India, including Vasco da Gama's historic voyage to Calicut. Discover how the Treaty of Tordesillas divided the exploration territories between Portugal and Spain.
