AG-ACNP Lab Orders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why the syrup of ipecac has no role in the hospitalized setting?

  • It is not effective according to literature (correct)
  • It induces arrhythmias
  • It causes stomach perforation
  • It interferes with drug absorption

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with gastric lavage?

  • Arrhythmias
  • Stomach perforation
  • Aspiration
  • Cardiac arrest (correct)

When is gastric lavage typically indicated for ingestion of highly toxic substances?

  • After 24 hours of ingestion
  • Within 60 minutes of hospital arrival (correct)
  • Within 30 minutes of hospital arrival
  • After 4 hours of ingestion

What is the purpose of activated charcoal in drug ingestion cases?

<p>To bind drugs and interfere with absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what timeframe should activated charcoal ideally be administered after drug ingestion?

<p>Within 1 hour (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should gastric lavage be carefully considered before use in patients?

<p>To prevent aspiration risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one common risk associated with the use of activated charcoal as a treatment?

<p>No reduction in morbidity or mortality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is multi-dose therapy with activated charcoal considered?

<p>$4$ hours after ingestion of certain drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effects are associated with forced diuresis?

<p>Pulmonary edema, volume overload, and hypernatremia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is urine pH manipulation typically reserved for?

<p>Salicylate poisoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should Diamox be avoided in inducing alkaline diuresis in specific patients?

<p>It can lead to metabolic acidosis exacerbating toxicity of certain drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is hemodialysis indicated in toxicology cases?

<p>When severe electrolyte imbalances are present (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of using alkaline diuresis in drug poisoning cases?

<p>Alkalemia, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of urine pH manipulation in the context of salicylate poisoning?

<p>To enhance elimination of salicylates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is routine use of alkaline diuresis not recommended?

<p>In salicylate poisoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most notable clinical triad for opioid toxicity/overdose?

<p>Central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, and miosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potency comparison between fentanyl and morphine?

<p>Fentanyl is 50-100 times more potent than morphine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is most notably associated with Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in opioid overdose cases?

<p>Heroin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of opioids that can cause transient GI upset?

<p>Decreased gut motility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is notably associated with seizures in opioid overdose?

<p>Lethargy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of symptoms that generalized central nervous system depression from opioids can exhibit?

<p><strong>Lethargy</strong>, agitation, paranoia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has significantly increased overdose deaths according to the text?

<p><strong>Fentanyl</strong> mixed with other drugs like heroin and cocaine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'History' is emphasized as a major component for which aspect of opioid diagnosis?

<p><strong>Diagnosis</strong> process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ordering a CMP for further assessment in this case study?

<p>To assess electrolytes, renal and liver function, and glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does CBC play in the assessment described in the case study?

<p>Providing information about potential side effects of intoxication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substances are traditionally assessed in a toxicology screen according to the text?

<p>Opiates, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cocaine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do ethanol levels greater than 300 indicate in the clinical setting?

<p>Severe intoxication causing respiratory compromise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment should be carried out next after evaluating mental status and pupil size based on the text?

<p>Assessing muscle tone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do labs such as CMP and CBC contribute to ruling out other differential diagnoses in this case study?

<p>By providing information on organ functions and electrolytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common electrolyte deficiency seen in patients with chronic alcoholism?

<p>Potassium deficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of Americans with Alcohol Use Disorder?

<p>14.4 million (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality range from delirium tremens despite modern medical management?

<p>5-15% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information should a provider investigate if a patient is noted to consume alcohol regularly?

<p>History of prior alcohol withdrawal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alcohol withdrawal is more common in which gender?

<p>Men (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which population is withdrawal typically seen?

<p>Those who abuse alcohol daily for at least 3 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common vitamin replacement needed for patients with chronic alcoholism?

<p>Vitamin B6 replacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hospital admissions are there annually for problems related to alcohol abuse in the U.S.?

<p>1.2 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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