AG-ACNP Lab Orders Quiz

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What is the main reason why the syrup of ipecac has no role in the hospitalized setting?

It is not effective according to literature (correct)

It induces arrhythmias

It causes stomach perforation

It interferes with drug absorption

Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with gastric lavage?

Arrhythmias

Stomach perforation

Aspiration

Cardiac arrest (correct)

When is gastric lavage typically indicated for ingestion of highly toxic substances?

After 24 hours of ingestion

Within 60 minutes of hospital arrival (correct)

Within 30 minutes of hospital arrival

After 4 hours of ingestion

What is the purpose of activated charcoal in drug ingestion cases?

To bind drugs and interfere with absorption Signup and view all the answers

In what timeframe should activated charcoal ideally be administered after drug ingestion?

Within 1 hour Signup and view all the answers

Why should gastric lavage be carefully considered before use in patients?

To prevent aspiration risk Signup and view all the answers

What is one common risk associated with the use of activated charcoal as a treatment?

No reduction in morbidity or mortality Signup and view all the answers

When is multi-dose therapy with activated charcoal considered?

$4$ hours after ingestion of certain drugs Signup and view all the answers

What potential adverse effects are associated with forced diuresis?

Pulmonary edema, volume overload, and hypernatremia Signup and view all the answers

In what situation is urine pH manipulation typically reserved for?

Salicylate poisoning Signup and view all the answers

Why should Diamox be avoided in inducing alkaline diuresis in specific patients?

It can lead to metabolic acidosis exacerbating toxicity of certain drugs Signup and view all the answers

When is hemodialysis indicated in toxicology cases?

When severe electrolyte imbalances are present Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of using alkaline diuresis in drug poisoning cases?

Alkalemia, hypernatremia, and hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of urine pH manipulation in the context of salicylate poisoning?

To enhance elimination of salicylates Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is routine use of alkaline diuresis not recommended?

In salicylate poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the most notable clinical triad for opioid toxicity/overdose?

Central nervous system depression, respiratory depression, and miosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the potency comparison between fentanyl and morphine?

Fentanyl is 50-100 times more potent than morphine Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is most notably associated with Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in opioid overdose cases?

Heroin Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of opioids that can cause transient GI upset?

Decreased gut motility Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is notably associated with seizures in opioid overdose?

Lethargy Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of symptoms that generalized central nervous system depression from opioids can exhibit?

Lethargy, agitation, paranoia Signup and view all the answers

What has significantly increased overdose deaths according to the text?

Fentanyl mixed with other drugs like heroin and cocaine Signup and view all the answers

'History' is emphasized as a major component for which aspect of opioid diagnosis?

Diagnosis process Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ordering a CMP for further assessment in this case study?

To assess electrolytes, renal and liver function, and glucose Signup and view all the answers

What role does CBC play in the assessment described in the case study?

Providing information about potential side effects of intoxication Signup and view all the answers

Which substances are traditionally assessed in a toxicology screen according to the text?

Opiates, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, cocaine Signup and view all the answers

What do ethanol levels greater than 300 indicate in the clinical setting?

Severe intoxication causing respiratory compromise Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment should be carried out next after evaluating mental status and pupil size based on the text?

Assessing muscle tone Signup and view all the answers

How do labs such as CMP and CBC contribute to ruling out other differential diagnoses in this case study?

By providing information on organ functions and electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common electrolyte deficiency seen in patients with chronic alcoholism?

Potassium deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of Americans with Alcohol Use Disorder?

14.4 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality range from delirium tremens despite modern medical management?

5-15% Signup and view all the answers

What information should a provider investigate if a patient is noted to consume alcohol regularly?

History of prior alcohol withdrawal Signup and view all the answers

Alcohol withdrawal is more common in which gender?

Men Signup and view all the answers

In which population is withdrawal typically seen?

Those who abuse alcohol daily for at least 3 months Signup and view all the answers

What is a common vitamin replacement needed for patients with chronic alcoholism?

Vitamin B6 replacement Signup and view all the answers

How many hospital admissions are there annually for problems related to alcohol abuse in the U.S.?

1.2 million Signup and view all the answers