Afro-Eurasian Trade Networks Summary

<p>They produced unique goods that couldn't be made locally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increased the desire for imported goods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allowed goods to be transported over long distances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desires of wealthy individuals for luxury goods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They traveled long distances to acquire goods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expansive plains and navigable rivers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bactrian camel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Silk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesopotamia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frankincense and cinnamon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They promoted trade by increasing agricultural efficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stable weather patterns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sailing routes and trade goods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spices and cotton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scythians and Xiongnu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emergence of new social hierarchies and wealth distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of pack animals for transport (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Old agricultural societies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marble (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have two humps. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impressive buildings like the Pyramid of the Sun. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The civilizations of Afro-Eurasia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obsidian. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huge canoes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impressive architecture such as pyramids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>North America. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Teotihuacan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artistic achievements of Sumerian culture. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obsidian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cacao and jade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They built roads and used armies to protect trade routes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obsidian and jade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They fostered relationships and shared cultural symbols (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was difficult, slow, and expensive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A common system of weights and measures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transportation costs added to the value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were less elaborate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Teotihuacan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Luxury items and lightweight goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was one of the largest cities in the Americas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He tutored the royal children and influenced their conversion to Christianity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal elite conflicts and the financial strain of military campaigns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contributed to a significant decline in population and trade. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local customs were often incorporated into the Christian faith. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They reflect the artistic styles and economic status of Aksum. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abundance of resources leading to continued foraging. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensete (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One of the four great powers of the world. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foraging, farming, and animal herding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obsidian (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integration of foraging with farming and herding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rich in diverse flora and fauna, supporting foraging. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It facilitated the transfer of agricultural knowledge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>D’mt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Roman conquest of Egypt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By becoming a hub of trade between the Roman Empire and India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intricate stone stelae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Northeast Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agriculture and herding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fourth century CE (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stationing warriors in each feudal area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intricate stone jewelry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transport troops and expand trade routes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Burials marked with stone stelae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greek language and religious beliefs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By facilitating the exchange of construction techniques (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Complex systems of trade that existed thousands of years ago, connecting different regions across the world.

A combined term for Africa, Europe, and Asia, highlighting their interconnectedness through trade.

Systems of trade in ancient times, usually driven by wealthy people's desires for luxury items, but also supplying necessities.

A camel with two humps, used in ancient times to transport goods for long distances.

As cities grew, people specialized in jobs like crafts, mining, and manufacturing, leading to a need for trade networks.

Advances in agriculture led to food surpluses, allowing people to specialize and trade.

Wealthy people's desires for rare or exotic goods often fueled ancient trade networks.

Agricultural surpluses allowed for people to move to cities, causing the development of specialized labor and demand for trade networks.

Extensive and active trade routes connecting various regions of Afro-Eurasia, including Africa, Europe, and parts of Asia.

Expansive plains, navigable rivers, and mountain ranges fostered trade, while pack animals (like camels) aided long-distance transport and ships facilitated maritime routes.

Overland trade routes primarily connecting Asia and Europe, famous for the trade of silk and other goods.

Maritime trade network in the Indian Ocean that facilitated the movement of goods and people.

Animals, like camels, horses, and cattle, used to carry goods over long distances.

Ancient Mesopotamian artifact that shows evidence of early trade.

Regional networks in modern Mexico/Central America; differed from Afro-Eurasian ones due to lack of pack animals, and different river systems.

Absence of pack animals and unsuitable rivers made long-distance trade in the Americas more challenging.

Silk, spices, ivory, gold, grain, iron, and other products that were exchanged along Afro-Eurasian networks.

Ancient Greek sailing guide describing Indian Ocean trade routes and goods.

Trade connected communities, led to wealth for merchants, and changed social hierarchies.

Groups that raised livestock and played a significant role in trade, particularly in providing goods like horses.

Enslaved people were a significant, yet often overlooked, part of the exchange systems of Afro-Eurasia.

An ancient Greek text that provides a detailed account of trade routes and seafaring in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean.

The exchange of obsidian, a volcanic glass, as a valuable commodity in ancient times.

The trade of jade, a hard and beautiful gemstone, across ancient trade networks.

An expansive empire that stretched from Greece to India, fueled by conquest and trade.

A complex network of trade routes connecting Africa, Europe, and Asia, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and people.

A standardized measurement system that assesses reading ability and text complexity.

An online platform that provides leveled news articles for students of different reading abilities.

The exchange of goods and ideas between ancient civilizations in Mesoamerica, primarily on foot, using large canoes for coastal trade.

A major Mesoamerican city that emerged around 150 BCE and became the largest center of trade by 300 CE, known for its impressive architecture like the Pyramid of the Sun.

Valuable resources that fueled Mesoamerican trade. Obsidian, a volcanic glass, was used for tools and weapons. Jade was used in religious rituals.

Teotihuacan's control over obsidian mines made it a regional powerhouse, as obsidian was crucial for tools and warfare.

Valuable and rare items that were highly sought after in Mesoamerican trade, such as jade, feathers, cacao, and cotton cloth.

Traded goods such as cacao, jade, salt, and quetzal feathers along the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula.

Traded cotton cloth and pottery along the Pacific coast of Mesoamerica.

Mesoamerican trade networks helped spread religious and cultural symbols among different societies.

Mesoamerican trade was challenging due to the long distances, slow travel times, and expensive transport costs.

Due to the challenges of long-distance trade, luxurious and easily transportable goods like jade, feathers, and dried fruits were favored.

Merchants aimed to profit from their journeys, leading to price increases on goods as they traveled further along trade routes.

Mesoamerican trade fostered relationships between communities, as merchants and travelers brought goods and ideas to different cities.

Rulers in Mesoamerica supported trade networks by building roads, protecting routes, and investing in infrastructure to facilitate the movement of goods and people.

Early Mesoamerican trade networks laid the groundwork for more extensive and interconnected trade systems that emerged in later periods.

A powerful agrarian society in East Africa that rose to prominence around the 3rd century CE, known for its farming, trade, and influence.

The region in East Africa where Aksum emerged, known for its mix of foraging, agriculture, and animal herding.

A flowering plant domesticated in the Northern Horn, classified in the banana family.

Gathering food from wild sources, like fruits, nuts, and animals, practiced in the Northern Horn.

A Greco-Phoenician tutor to the Aksum royal family, credited with introducing Christianity to the Aksumite elite.

Aksum's decline was due to a combination of factors including overspending on military campaigns, internal conflicts, and the Justinianic plague.

A devastating plague that struck Aksum in the 6th century CE, contributing significantly to its decline.

A region in the Middle East known for its fertile land and early development of agriculture.

A way of life where people move from place to place, depending on resources like food and water.

Aksum's decline was caused by several factors, including overspending on military campaigns in Yemen.

Trade was a key factor in Aksum's survival, even as its territory and population shrank.

Tools made of iron, which eventually replaced stone tools in the Northern Horn.

The discovery or adoption of iron smelting technology in Africa, potentially happening independently or through contact with other societies.

An ancient agrarian society in the Northern Horn (modern Ethiopia and Eritrea) known for its trade connections with Egypt and sophisticated stone jewelry.

Aksum became a major hub for trade between the Roman Empire and India, dealing in ivory, gold, spices, and other goods.

Aksum's wealth allowed them to build a strong navy to protect their trade routes in the Red Sea.

Aksum's elite built grand monuments and elaborate tombs marked by large stone pillars (stelae) to commemorate their achievements.

Aksum had a clear social hierarchy evident in their monuments and burials, with different roles for bureaucrats, priests, soldiers, merchants, and artisans.

Aksum minted its own gold coins, featuring symbols of each dynasty, which have been found across a vast geographical region.

In the 3rd century CE, Aksum expanded its territory through military conquests, controlling parts of Ethiopia, Sudan, and the Arabian Peninsula.

In the 4th century CE, Aksum formally adopted Christianity as its state religion, connecting it to the Roman Empire.

Aksum's location at the heart of an Afro-Eurasian trade network allowed quick access to new technologies and ideas.

Aksum was ruled by a king, with smaller kingdoms paying tribute. The king stationed warriors to maintain control and collected taxes from regional leaders.

Aksum's economy was based on agriculture (cereal grains, cattle) and herding. Cities grew and job specialization became more common.

Aksum's elite adopted aspects of Greek culture, including language and religion, and their religion evolved from animistic beliefs to honoring deities through rituals.