Aegean Visual Art Overview
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Questions and Answers

Who were the primary architects of the Parthenon?

  • Phidias and Pericles
  • Zeuxis and Pheidias
  • Socrates and Plato
  • Iktinos and Kallikrates (correct)

    • Which architectural orders are prominently featured in the Parthenon?

  • Corinthian and Tuscan
  • Composite and Doric
  • Ionic and Gothic
  • Doric and Ionic (correct)

    • What fundamental aesthetic ideals does the Parthenon exemplify?

  • Symmetry and Proportion (correct)
  • Minimalism and Complexity
  • Futurism and Abstraction
  • Functionalism and Ornamentation

    • What significant aspect of the construction of the Parthenon is noted regarding its materials?

    <p>No mortar was used in its construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event caused significant destruction to the Parthenon?

    <p>A direct hit from Venetian or Turkish artillery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'point of maturation' refer to in the context of art and artifacts?

    <p>A connection to the Ideal based on category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element plays an essential role in advancing deeper understanding after the point of maturation?

    <p>Science and technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In art, how is symmetry defined?

    <p>A mirror image of itself across a center line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does proportion in art primarily refer to?

    <p>The dimensions and relationships among height, width, and depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with the Classical Ideal in art?

    <p>Randomness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After reaching the point of maturation in understanding art, what is expected to happen?

    <p>Discovery of deeper truths and applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does proportion affect an artwork?

    <p>It affects the perception of realism or stylization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does symmetry play in the Classical Ideal of art?

    <p>It establishes a balanced visual representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pottery style is considered the most advanced among the four styles discussed?

    <p>Red Figure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a Neck Amphora?

    <p>A two-handled pot with a neck narrower than the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the Stamnos?

    <p>A wide-mouthed jar with an offset neck, often lidded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two painters are highlighted as notable Attic Painters?

    <p>Andokides and Berlin Painter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is suggested in the Attic red-figure Stamnos depicting Amazons and Greeks?

    <p>Movement and suggestion of movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following styles is NOT one of the four main pottery styles in Ancient Greece?

    <p>Abstract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of a Bell Krater?

    <p>A wide mouth with a bell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Classical Ideals in art incorporate which elements?

    <p>Elements and Principles of Visual Art and Design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of Classical Greek sculpture compared to Hellenistic Greek sculpture?

    <p>Serenity and calm demeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Hellenistic sculpture emphasize that sets it apart from its Classical counterpart?

    <p>Emotion and storytelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspects differentiate Minoan from Mycenaean visual art?

    <p>Minoan art is often more violent than Mycenaean art.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is the Stele from Grave Circle A made of?

    <p>Sandstone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT associated with the Nike of Samothrace?

    <p>Representation of peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major catastrophic event contributed to the destruction of the Palace at Knossos?

    <p>A colossal volcanic eruption of Thera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feeling does 'The Dying Gaul' primarily evoke in the viewer?

    <p>Sympathy for a defeated warrior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is attributed with the creation of the 'Seated Boxer'?

    <p>Lyssipus of Sikyon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with excavating the Palace at Knossos?

    <p>Arthur Evans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Homer's epic poems, the Iliad and Odyssey, first mention which figure associated with Knossos?

    <p>King Minos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of Hellenistic sculptures?

    <p>Dynamic poses and emotional expressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the Seated Boxer's appearance contributes to the viewer's empathy?

    <p>Facial scars from past fights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disaster is commonly believed to have contributed to the decline of the Minoan civilization?

    <p>Frequent earthquakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the predominant architectural feature of the Palace at Knossos?

    <p>Extensive labyrinths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What era does the Nike of Samothrace belong to?

    <p>Hellenistic Era</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture is linked to the violent artistic themes in ancient Aegean visual art?

    <p>Minoan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aegean Visual Art

    • Minoan art is characterized as violent.
    • Mycenaean art is characterized as quiet.
    • The Vapheio cup is a Mycenaean gold cup with scenes of bull-taming on both sides.
    • The Stele from Grave Circle A in Mycenae was made of sandstone.
    • The Stele from Grave Circle A in Mycenae is a sunken relief.
    • The Stele from Grave Circle A in Mycenae is similar to other reliefs from Egypt and Sumer.
    • The Minoan civilization was centered on the island of Crete.
    • The Minoan palace at Knossos was built around 1900 BCE.
    • The Minoan Palace at Knossos was destroyed by an earthquake or foreign invaders around 1700 BCE.
    • The Minoan Palace at Knossos was rebuilt more grandly after the destruction.
    • The Minoan Palace at Knossos was damaged multiple times by earthquakes and invasions.
    • The Minoan Palace at Knossos was lastly damaged by the volcanic eruption of Thera (modern Thira or Santorini) in 1450 BCE.
    • The Minoan civilization was named by archaeologist Arthur Evans after King Minos from Greek mythology.
    • King Minos, in Greek mythology, was a king of Knossos, Crete.

    Ancient Greece Pottery

    • There are four main styles of Greek pottery: Geometric, Orientalizing, Black Figure, and Red Figure.
    • Red Figure style is the most advanced of the four styles.
    • There are a number of famous Attic red-figure painters, including:
      • The Berlin Painter
      • The Andokides Painter
    • Examples of Greek pottery shapes:
      • Neck Amphora, a two-handled pot with a narrow neck.
      • Krater, a large, wide-mouthed pot with a broad body and base.
      • Bell Krater, a wide-mouthed pot with a bell shape.
      • Stamnos, a wide-mouthed jar with an offset neck, usually with a lid and two parallel handles.

    Ancient Greece Classical Ideals

    • Classical Ideals are a recurring theme throughout Art and Design history.
    • Classical Ideals incorporate the Elements and Principles of Visual Art and Design.
    • There are points of “Maturation” in the Timeline of Visual Art and Design, which can be categorized as:
      • Linear
      • Symmetry
      • Chiaroscuro
      • Color
      • Perspective
      • Proportion
      • Texture
      • Sfumato
    • These points of "Maturation" are important because they offer a deeper level of understanding and reveal further truths about the art and design process.
    • The use of math, science, and technology is crucial in achieving a deeper application of these truths.

    Symmetry

    • Symmetry means that a work of art is a mirror image of itself on both sides of a center line.

    Proportion

    • Proportion refers to the dimensions of a composition and the relationships between height, width, and depth.
    • Proportion also describes the relationship between the sizes of different parts of a piece of art or design.

    Parthenon

    • The architects of the Parthenon were Iktinos and Kallikrates.
    • The Parthenon was built to house a massive statue of the goddess Athena Parthenos by the sculptor Phidias.
    • The Parthenon is an example of the Doric order of Greek architecture, which is characterized by simple, sturdy columns.
    • The Parthenon is a representation of the Classical Ideals of symmetry and proportion.
    • The construction of the Parthenon did not require the use of mortar.
    • The Parthenon was used as a gunpowder store in the 17th century, and was subsequently damaged during a Venetian/Turkish bombardment.

    Hellenistic Sculpture

    • Classical Greek sculpture is known for its calm, serene, and stoic expression.
    • Hellenistic Greek sculpture emphasizes emotion, movement, and storytelling.
    • The "Wrestlers" is a Hellenistic sculpture that shows a more dynamic and emotive approach.
    • The "Wrestlers" sculpture emphasizes the emotional aspect of the story.
    • The "Seated Boxer" is a bronze Hellenistic sculpture by Lyssipus or Apollonius.
    • The "Seated Boxer" sculpture portrays an aged, defeated boxer, possibly looking at the victor.
    • The "Seated Boxer" sculpture elicits sympathy from the viewer.
    • The "Nike of Samothrace" is a marble statue of the Greek goddess Nike (Victory), dating back to the 2nd century BC.
    • The "Nike of Samothrace" statue communicates movement and speed.
    • The "Nike of Samothrace" statue uses elements like "wet drapery" to imply underlying form.

    The Dying Gaul

    • The "Dying Gaul" statue is a Hellenistic sculpture that communicates death and dying.
    • The "Dying Gaul" statue elicits sympathy for a defeated warrior.

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    AR 227/277 History of Art Aegean/Greek Visual Art PDF

    Description

    Explore the intriguing characteristics of Minoan and Mycenaean art. This quiz covers significant artifacts like the Vapheio cup and the notable Stele from Grave Circle A, as well as important information about the Minoan civilization and the palace of Knossos. Test your knowledge of these ancient cultures and their artistic contributions.

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