Advantages of Targeted Drug Delivery

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a galenical dosage form?

Extracts

Infused oils

Injections (correct)

Decoctions

What is the primary purpose of adjuvants in pharmaceutical formulations?

To enhance drug stability

To improve drug solubility

To aid in the manufacturing process

All of the above (correct)

Which of the following agents are used to prevent microbial growth in pharmaceutical preparations?

Stabilizers

Buffering agents

Antibacterial agents (correct)

Antioxidants

Which of the following is a characteristic of non-galenical preparations?

Prepared using aseptic techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of buffering agents in pharmaceutical formulations?

To maintain a desired pH range Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of galenical dosage forms?

Prepared using aseptic techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a menstruum in the preparation of galenicals?

To dissolve the active principles in the material Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the inert fibrous and insoluble materials remaining after extraction is done?

Marc Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of preparing galenicals as per the text?

To preserve the useful constituents of a drug Signup and view all the answers

In the preparation of galenicals, what is meant by comminution?

Particle size reduction of the crude drug Signup and view all the answers

In the general procedure for preparing galenicals, what occurs after comminution of the crude drug?

Addition of the menstruum to the ground material Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes preparations of liquid, semisolid, or solid consistency from herbal drugs or animal matter?

Extracts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of diffusion of dissolved active principles through the cell wall to the surrounding menstruum?

To separate the dissolved active principles from the marc Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using cold water to extract the desired constituents?

It prevents the coagulation of albuminous substances within the drug material. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using hot water to extract the desired constituents?

It may cause inert materials that are extracted to precipitate when the infusion is cooled. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of galenical solid dosage form?

Resins Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of breaking, slicing, or coarsely powdering the drug material when preparing infusions?

To facilitate solvent penetration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of non-aqueous galenical dosage form?

Oleaginous dosage forms (oleoresins, infused oils) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Targeted Drug Delivery

Improves selectivity of drug action
Overcomes unfavourable pharmacokinetic properties, such as rapid metabolism or elimination
Enhances drug efficacy
Improves drug tolerability and decreases toxicity

Classification of Preparations

Galenicals: pharmaceutical preparations obtained by macerating or percolating crude drugs with a solvent to remove desired principles
Examples of galenicals: decoctions, extracts, fluid extracts, infused oils, infusions, oleoresins, resins, tinctures, and vinegars
Non-galenicals: sterile and non-sterile preparations
Sterile preparations: prepared using strict aseptic techniques, e.g. injections, ophthalmic solutions, irrigation solutions
Non-sterile preparations: oral and topical medications

Galenical Dosage Forms

Liquid dosage forms: aqueous infusions, decoctions, non-aqueous (alcoholic and oleaginous) dosage forms
Solid dosage forms: resins
Infusions: aqueous solutions obtained by soaking vegetable drugs in cold or hot water
Decoctions: prepared by boiling crude drugs in water
Maceration: soaking of crude drug in a solvent to extract desired constituents
Factors affecting maceration: duration, solvent penetration, and temperature

Terms Used in Galenical Preparation

Menstruum: a solvent used for extraction, e.g. water, alcohol
Marc: the inert fibrous and other insoluble materials remaining after extraction
Extracts: preparations of liquid, semisolid, or solid consistency, prepared from dry herbal drugs or animal matter using the appropriate solvents

General Procedure for Galenical Preparation

Comminution (particle size reduction) of the crude drug
Addition of the menstruum to the ground material
Soaking/macerating for a definite time
Separation of the dissolved active principles from the marc by straining, filtration, or expression

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Learn about the benefits of targeted drug delivery including improved selectivity of drug action, overcoming unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, enhanced drug efficacy, and reduced toxicity. Explore the classification based on the method of preparation such as Galenicals.