Advances in Agricultural Pest Control

A class of compounds that were identified as potential drug candidates for treating HIV-1 infection during the AIDS pandemic.

A specific compound from the Calophyllum species with potential anti-HIV activity, which was tested in Phase II clinical trials.

A compound from the Homalanthus nutans plant with potential anti-HIV activity, which entered Phase I clinical trials.

A natural product derived from Artemisia annua with potent antimalarial properties.

A derivative of artemisinin used to treat malaria, derived from the plant Artemisia annua.

A strategy for discovering new drugs that involves screening natural products for potential therapeutic properties.

The research and development process that involves testing and evaluating drug candidates in humans to assess their safety and effectiveness.

The study of the chemical compounds found in living organisms, including plants, animals, and microbes.

Synthetic chemical pesticides (SCPs) are chemicals used to control pests in agriculture.

The ability of pests to develop resistance to pesticides over time, making them less effective.

The rise in pesticide resistance has driven the search for new and more effective pesticides.

Marine algae are a rich source of potential insecticidal compounds.

Over 40 active ingredients with insecticidal properties have been isolated from marine algae.

The increase in pesticide resistance from 1984 to 1990 was a significant 13%.

The study of isolating and using active compounds from natural sources, like marine algae, to create new pesticides.

The increase in pesticide resistance emphasizes the need for ongoing research and development of new pest control strategies.

A class of synthetic derivatives derived from bryostatin 1, a natural antineoplastic compound.

An antineoplastic compound isolated from the bryozoan, Bulgula neritina, with potential therapeutic applications.

A compound that kills or inhibits the growth of cancer cells.

A type of marine invertebrate known for its diverse and often colorful colonies.

A natural compound isolated from various sponges, with potential therapeutic applications, especially against breast cancer.

A structural analogue of Halichondrin B, currently in Phase III clinical trials for treating breast cancer.

Clinical trials that evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a drug in a large group of patients.

A stage of drug development focusing on assessing the safety and efficacy of a new drug in a small group of patients.

The process of identifying known compounds in a mixture to avoid unnecessary research on already characterized molecules.

An analytical technique that combines two or more techniques, like HPLC and NMR, to analyze a sample.

Spectroscopy technique using ultraviolet light to analyze compounds in solution.

Spectroscopy technique using infrared light to identify functional groups in molecules.

Spectroscopy technique that analyzes the mass-to-charge ratio of ions, providing information about the molecular weight and structure.

Spectroscopy technique that studies the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei, providing information about the structure and bonding of molecules.

Technique that involves separating components of a mixture using a mobile phase and a stationary phase, providing information about the chemical composition of the mixture.

Technique combining HPLC with NMR and MS for comprehensive analysis of complex mixtures. It provides both structural and compositional information.

Functional groups that don't show up in NMR spectra due to deuterium exchange, like hydroxyl and amino groups.

The process of separating different compounds in a mixture using a column with a stationary phase and a mobile phase.

A technique used to precisely identify the structure of molecules using magnetic fields.

Using a smaller version of NMR coils to analyze smaller volumes of samples, increasing sensitivity and efficiency.

A technique for analyzing small samples of compounds using capillary tubes instead of normal NMR tubes.

Using a non-deuterated solvent for the initial separation steps in HPLC, providing broader compatibility and lower costs.

A scientific field focusing on identifying and analyzing all the small molecules (metabolites) in a biological system, aiming to understand their roles and interactions.

These are the main analytical tools used in metabolomics, combining separation techniques with detection methods.

These methods aim to extract all or most metabolites from biological samples in their natural forms, preserving their chemical integrity.

It's a method for identifying and characterizing compounds, especially in complex mixtures like natural extracts.

This approach uses NMR spectroscopy to provide information about the structure and identity of compounds, helping to guide further analysis and isolation.