Advanced Staining Methods and Microscopy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of cervicovaginal smear in relation to cervical cancer?

  • To diagnose cervical cancer before it causes any signs or symptoms (correct)
  • To detect signs and symptoms of cervical cancer
  • To determine the stage of cervical cancer
  • To monitor the progression of cervical cancer

    • What information can be obtained from cytological evaluation?

  • Details about the patient's medical history
  • Information about the size and shape of the lesion
  • Genetic information about the cells
  • Valuable information about inflammatory changes and infectious agents (correct)

    • Which cytological method involves puncturing and aspirating the lesion with a fine needle?

  • Lavage cytology
  • Fine needle aspiration cytology (correct)
  • Intraoperative consultation
  • Exfoliative cytology

    • What is the purpose of performing a pathological diagnosis intraoperatively?

    <p>To guide immediate decision-making during surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the findings from the PAP stain indicate about cervical malignancy?

    <p>Increased risk of malignancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prognosis refer to in the context of pathology?

    <p>Predicting the expected development of a disease over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pathology, what does etiology refer to?

    <p>The underlying causes of a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of pathogenesis in pathology?

    <p>The mechanisms of development and progression of a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does morphology evaluate in the context of pathology?

    <p>The structural changes seen on tissue and organ level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pathology, what aspect is related to evaluating functional defects and their clinical importance?

    <p>Prognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a pathologist in determining the diagnosis of a patient?

    <p>Confirming the signs of gastritis, ulcer, or malignancy in a tissue biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of specimen is acquired by surgery and can be used to guide the course of treatment?

    <p>Tissues and organs acquired by surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario does a pathologist play a role in screening for a disease?

    <p>Conducting a PAP smear test for cervical cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an autopsy in forensic medicine?

    <p>Identifying any possible cause of death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of biopsy involves taking all of the lesion?

    <p>Excisional biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of histopathology?

    <p>Examining tissues at the tissue level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pathology involves the examination of cells of tissues and body fluids?

    <p>Cytopathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In routine practice, what does a pathologist primarily focus on?

    <p>Examining tissues at the cellular level for diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of carcinoma is described as compressing nearby uninvolved tissue?

    <p>Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of molecular pathology?

    <p>Examining molecular structures of tissues and organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'frozen section' and intraoperative consultation during surgery?

    <p>To decide if radical surgery is required based on malignancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to fix tissue specimens before examination?

    <p>To preserve the tissue's morphological features for future use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if unfixed tissue specimens are left unattended for an extended period of time?

    <p>They become contaminated by bacteria and enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of numbering and labeling samples in the laboratory?

    <p>To validate the patient's name and sample integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the 'cryotome' contribute to the 'frozen section' method?

    <p>It sections frozen tissue for staining and evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining method is commonly used for detecting carbohydrates in tissues?

    <p>PAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope is most commonly used for routine examination?

    <p>Light microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the oral mucosa is responsible for cell renewal?

    <p>Basal layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue attaches the mucosa to the muscle tissue beneath?

    <p>Large collagen fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is making the correct diagnosis considered stressful?

    <p>It determines the patient's prognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of archiving both slides and blocks for years in pathology?

    <p>To compare new slides with old ones for diagnostic accuracy over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pathology, why do pathology laboratories have rejection criteria for specimens?

    <p>To ensure that only high-quality specimens are used for accurate diagnostic evaluations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does specimen rejection have on patients who have undergone a painful biopsy procedure?

    <p>Creates frustration as their specimen is of no use and has to be rejected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific information must be written on the sample cup in accordance with pathology sample rejection criteria?

    <p>Patient name, patient ID, and sample date and time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of numbering and labeling samples in the pathology laboratory?

    <p>To ensure traceability and prevent mix-ups or misinterpretations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do pathologists collaborate with clinicians in ensuring accurate diagnosis of patients?

    <p>By complementing each other's expertise in interpreting test results and clinical findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for taking biopsies from patients and sending them to the pathology laboratory?

    <p>To obtain tissue samples for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of comparing new slides with old ones in pathology?

    <p>To track changes in diagnostic accuracy over time for specific disease entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Specimen rejection due to not meeting criteria' can result in:

    <p>Patients undergoing repeated painful procedures at additional cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of making a diagnosis in pathology?

    <p>Determining the treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium lines the surfaces in the oral cavity?

    <p>Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the underlying lamina propria mucosae in the oral mucosa?

    <p>Loose connective tissue with numerous capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the basal layer in the oral mucosa?

    <p>Responsible for cell renewal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers are found in the submucosa beneath the lamina propria?

    <p>Large collagen fibers and elastic fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if a patient is misdiagnosed in pathology?

    <p>Undergo unnecessary surgery or lose an organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly used type of microscope for routine examination?

    <p>Light microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of a pathologist in routine practice?

    <p>Ensuring accurate diagnosis of patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does etiology refer to in the context of pathology?

    <p>Etiology refers to the underlying causes and modifying factors responsible for the initiation and progression of a disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of pathogenesis in pathology?

    <p>The main focus of pathogenesis in pathology is to explain the mechanisms of development and progression of the disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does morphology evaluate in the context of pathology?

    <p>Morphology in pathology evaluates the structural changes that can be seen on tissue, organ, cell, or organelle levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of comparing new slides with old ones in pathology?

    <p>Comparing new slides with old ones in pathology helps in identifying any changes or progression in the disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of molecular pathology?

    <p>The main purpose of molecular pathology is to study diseases at the molecular level, including genetic and molecular alterations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if unfixed tissue specimens are left unattended for an extended period of time?

    <p>If unfixed tissue specimens are left unattended for an extended period of time, they can deteriorate and become unsuitable for accurate examination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'frozen section' and intraoperative consultation during surgery?

    <p>The purpose of the 'frozen section' and intraoperative consultation during surgery is to provide rapid pathological diagnosis to guide immediate surgical decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of biopsy involves taking all of the lesion?

    <p>Excisional biopsy involves taking all of the lesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the rejection criteria for pathology samples?

    <p>Sample must be taken into an appropriate sample cup, the tissue must be seen easily in the cup, samples taken from different localizations must be sent in different cups and each sample region must be written on the cup, patient name, patient ID, sample date and time must be written both on the sample cup(s) and sample form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a patient's specimen be rejected by the pathology laboratory?

    <p>Pathology laboratories have rejection criteria, and the patients' specimens may not meet these criteria, which can lead to frustration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of archiving both slides and blocks for years in pathology?

    <p>To enable comparison of new slides with old ones, and to ensure the long-term preservation of diagnostic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a pathologist when a patient's biopsy sample is rejected?

    <p>To explain to the patient the rejection criteria and the importance of proper sample collection, and to assist in obtaining a new, acceptable sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of comparing new slides with the old ones in pathology?

    <p>It allows for the evaluation of disease progression, treatment efficacy, and the identification of any changes or abnormalities over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of performing a pathological diagnosis intraoperatively?

    <p>To provide real-time guidance to the surgical team, aid in decision-making during surgery, and enable immediate treatment planning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does specimen rejection have on patients who have undergone a painful biopsy procedure?

    <p>It can lead to patient frustration and disappointment, as the effort and discomfort of the biopsy procedure may feel wasted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario does a pathologist play a role in screening for a disease?

    <p>When interpreting screening tests, such as Pap smears, to detect early signs of disease or cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of pathogenesis in pathology?

    <p>Evaluating the mechanisms by which diseases develop and progress within the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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