Advanced Java Programming Chapter 1 - AWT
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the Component class?

  • Laying out other components on the screen
  • Remembering colors and font settings (correct)
  • Creating top-level window interfaces
  • Serving as a passive display element

Which class is responsible for positioning other components within it?

  • Component
  • Window
  • Panel (correct)
  • Frame

Which class directly represents a window on the desktop?

  • Dialog
  • Panel
  • Frame (correct)
  • Container

What is the function of the Label component in AWT?

<p>To simply display strings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between Panel and Applet?

<p>Panel is the immediate superclass of Applet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which constructor would you use to create a TextArea with a predefined string and specific size?

<p>TextArea(String str, int numLines, int numChars) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the method setEditable() do in the context of a TextArea?

<p>Allows the user to modify the content of the TextArea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the Scrollbar class in a GUI application?

<p>To navigate through content that exceeds visible space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of scrollbar style available in the Scrollbar class?

<p>SCROLLBARS_AUTO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a vertical scrollbar instantiated with specific parameters?

<p>Scrollbar(Scrollbar.VERTICAL, 0, 100, 0, height) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes a CheckboxGroup from regular checkboxes?

<p>CheckboxGroup enables mutually exclusive selections. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the getSelectedCheckbox() method in a CheckboxGroup?

<p>To obtain the currently selected checkbox. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to add an item to a Choice object?

<p>add(String name) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When constructing a List with multiple selection enabled, what would be the correct constructor?

<p>List(int numRows, true) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the getSelectedItem() method do in a Choice object?

<p>Provides the label of the selected item. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method would you use to set the alignment of a Label in a Java AWT application?

<p>setAlignment(int how) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the getLabel() method in a Button class?

<p>To return the current label of the button. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods initializes a button in a Java AWT applet?

<p>Button(String str) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using a Checkbox, which method would you call to check its current state?

<p>getState() (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the setText(String str) method do in a Label class?

<p>It changes the text of the label to the specified string. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which label is created to display text aligned to the left in a Java AWT application?

<p>Label.LEFT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Buttonapplet example, how is the button labeled 'No' created?

<p>Button b2 = new Button('No'); (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Checkbox constructor Checkbox(String str, Boolean on) do?

<p>It creates a checkbox with a specified label and checked state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the AWT class hierarchy's topmost class represent?

<p>Component (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to set the visibility of a frame in AWT?

<p>setVisible(boolean visibleFlag) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which AWT component can be used to create a graphical user interface programmatically?

<p>Button (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of AWT components?

<p>They are platform-dependent and vary by operating system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is responsible for setting the size of a frame in AWT?

<p>setSize(int newWidth, int newHeight) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about AWT is true?

<p>AWT components use more resources than Swing components. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you implement a simple applet that changes background color to yellow?

<p>setBackground(Color.YELLOW); (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement distinguishes a Java application window from an applet?

<p>Java applications run in a standalone environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to add an item at a specific index in a List?

<p>void add(String name, int index) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the method getSelectedItem() return?

<p>The name of the selected item as a String (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method retrieves the total number of items in a List?

<p>Int getItemCount() (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to set a character to echo in a TextField?

<p>t2.setEchoChar('*') (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of selection does the boolean parameter in the List class constructor enable?

<p>Multiple selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to retrieve a specific item from a List by its index?

<p>String getItem(int index) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to check if a TextField is editable?

<p>boolean isEditable() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding the TextField and TextComponent classes?

<p>TextField is a subclass of TextComponent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Component

A fundamental class in AWT that serves as the base for all visual components, including containers and controls.

Container

A specialized subclass of Component designed to hold and arrange other components. It uses layout managers to position its contents.

Panel

A concrete subclass of Container that provides a basic canvas for drawing and displaying components. It's commonly used for creating applets.

Window

Creates a top-level window on the desktop without any borders or menu bars.

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Frame

A subclass of Window that has a title bar, menu bar, borders, and resizing corners.

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Choice

A Java AWT control that allows the user to select one option from a list of items. The selected item is visually highlighted.

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List

A Java AWT control used to create a list of items that can be scrolled through by the user. It can be created with a fixed number of rows or allowing multiple selections.

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CheckboxGroup

A Java AWT control used to create a group of mutually exclusive checkboxes, where only one option can be selected at a time. Often referred to as 'radio buttons'.

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Checkbox

A Java AWT control that represents a checkbox, which allows the user to select or deselect an option. The state of the checkbox is determined by the 'selected' property.

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Choice.add() method

A method used in the Choice control to add a new item to the list. The item will be displayed as a label.

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setText(String str)

This method sets the text displayed by the Label.

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getText()

This method retrieves the text displayed by the Label.

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setAlignment(int how)

This method sets the alignment of the text within the Label (LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT).

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getAlignment()

This method gets the alignment setting of the Label.

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AWT Label

A visual component that displays a label without any user interaction.

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AWT Button

A simple way to create a button that triggers an action when clicked.

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setLabel(String str)

A method that sets the label text displayed on the button.

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getLabel()

A method that returns the current text label displayed on the button.

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What is AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit)?

A platform-dependent API for creating Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) in Java.

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What does 'platform-dependent' mean in the context of AWT?

Components in AWT are displayed according to the specific operating system's look and feel, ensuring consistency with the user's environment.

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What does 'heavyweight' mean in the context of AWT components?

AWT components utilize system resources directly, resulting in heavier resource consumption compared to lightweight alternatives.

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What does the Simpleapplet class illustrate?

A simple applet program demonstrates basic AWT functionality, displaying text with specified color and position.

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What is the purpose of the Frame class?

The Frame class allows creating top-level windows with a title bar, border, and control buttons.

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How can you customize a Frame object?

Different methods are available for setting the size, visibility, title, and background color of a Frame object.

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How do you handle window closing events in AWT?

To handle the window closing event, implement the windowClosing method from the WindowListener interface.

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What is the key difference between Java applications using Frame and applets?

Java applications using the Frame class run independently, whereas applets are embedded in web pages.

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TextArea(int numLines, int numChars)

A constructor used to create a TextArea object with a specified number of lines (numLines) and characters per line (numChars).

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TextArea(String str, int numLines, int numChars, int sBars)

A constructor used to create a TextArea object with a specified number of lines, characters, and a type of scroll bar. It's useful to control the visibility of scrollbars and customize the text area for different uses.

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TextArea(String str)

Creates a new TextArea object and sets its initial text to the specified string (str).

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Scrollbar class

A class used to create scrollbars for visual components. Scrollbars are designed to help users navigate and view content that is larger than the visible area.

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Scrollbar(int style)

A constructor that takes a single argument 'style,' which determines whether the scrollbar is horizontal or vertical.

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List Control

A control that allows users to select one or multiple options from a list of items.

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List(int initialCapacity, boolean multipleSelections)

Allows creating a list with a specified initial capacity and indicates if multiple selections are permitted (true) or only single selection (false).

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List.add(String name)

Adds a new item to the list at the end.

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List.add(String name, int index)

Adds a new item to the list at a specified index position.

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List.getSelectedItem()

Retrieves the selected item from the list (only for single selection lists).

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List.getSelectedIndex()

Retrieves the index of the selected item from the list (only for single selection lists).

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List.getSelectedItems()

Retrieves a list of all selected items from the list.

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List.getSelectedIndexes()

Retrieves a list of the indices of all selected items from the list.

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List.getItem(int index)

Retrieves the item at a specific index from the list.

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List.getItemCount()

Returns the total number of items in the list.

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List.select(int index)

Selects the item at the specified index. This makes the item visually active in the list.

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TextField

A single-line text input field.

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TextField(int numChars)

Creates a TextField with a specified initial width (in characters).

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TextField(String str)

Creates a TextField with an initial string value.

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TextField.getText()

Retrieves the text content of the TextField.

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TextField.setText(String str)

Sets the text content of the TextField.

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TextField.getSelectedText()

Retrieves the selected portion of the text in the TextField.

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TextField.select(int startIndex, int endIndex)

Selects a portion of the text in the TextField.

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TextField.isEditable()

Checks if the text field is editable.

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TextField.setEditable(Boolean canEdit)

Sets the TextField to be editable or not.

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TextField.setEchoChar(char ch)

Sets the echo character (e.g., '*' for passwords) for the TextField.

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TextField.echoCharIsSet()

Checks if an echo character is set.

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TextField.getEchoChar()

Gets the echo character currently set.

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TextArea

A multi-line text input area.

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Study Notes

Advanced Java Programming (22517)

  • Course syllabus outlines chapter topics and corresponding marks:
    • Chapter 1: Introduction to Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) (12 marks)
    • Chapter 2: Swing (10 marks)
    • Chapter 3: Event Handling (12 marks)
    • Chapter 4: Networking (10 marks)
    • Chapter 5: Interacting with Database (12 marks)
    • Chapter 6: Servlet (14 marks)
    • Total marks: 70

Unit 1: Introduction to Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) (12 Marks)

  • Unit Outcomes:
    • Develop graphical user interfaces (GUIs) using AWT.
    • Create frame windows using different AWT components.
    • Arrange GUI components using layout managers.
    • Develop programs using menus and dialog boxes.

AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit)

  • A platform-dependent application programming interface (API) for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in Java.
  • AWT classes and methods enable window creation and management.
  • Components are platform-dependent (displayed according to the operating system).
  • Components are heavyweight; they consume system resources.
  • Components:
    • TextField
    • Button
    • Label
    • Checkbox
    • Choice
    • List
    • CheckboxGroup

AWT Class Hierarchy

  • Hierarchical structure of AWT components.
  • Object is the root of the hierarchy.
  • Component is the top-level container class.
  • Container manages child components' layout.
  • Panel, Window, Frame, Dialog, and Applet are container types.
  • Button, Label, TextField, Checkbox, Choice, List, CheckboxGroup are components.

Frame

  • A top-level window with a title bar, menu bar, borders, and resizing corners.
  • A subclass of Window.

AWT Controls

  • Components enabling interaction with the application.
    • Labels
    • Buttons
    • Checkboxes
    • Checkbox groups
    • Scrollbars
    • Text fields
    • Text areas

AWT Control: Label

  • Displays text on a window.
  • Passive component (does not directly receive user input).
  • Different justification options (left, right, center).

Methods Related To Text

  • setText(String str): Sets the label's text.
  • getText(): Retrieves the label's text.
  • setAlignment(int how): Sets alignment of the text (left, right, center).
  • getAlignment(): Retrieves the label alignment.

Creating Frame Windows

  • Use a Frame class or subclass.
  • Set size, title, and background color.
  • setSize(int width, int height): Sets the size of the window.
  • setTitle(String title): Sets the title of the window.
  • setBackground(Color color): Sets the background color.

Creating Applet Using Frame Window

  • Create a class that extends the Frame class.
  • Use the SimpleFrame example code.
  • The class SimpleFrame extends Frame.
  • The constructor sets window characteristics and makes it visible.
  • setVisible(true) makes the frame visual.

Java Application vs Applet

  • Java Application:
    • Has a main method.
    • Does not require an internet connection.
    • Is a standalone application.
  • Applet:
    • Does not have a main method.
    • Requires an internet connection to execute.
    • Is part of a web page.

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Description

Test your understanding of the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) as you learn to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs) in Java. This quiz covers key concepts such as frame windows, layout managers, and menu creation. Perfect for assessing your skills in Java's GUI development.

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