Adult Cardiac Arrest Revision Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the conditions under which a Paramedic may determine that a patient is dead/non-salvageable and decide not to resuscitate?

  • Suspected down time of less than 30 minutes and absence of asystole
  • Presence of hypothermia, fixed pupils, and no cardiac activity
  • Presentation of a valid DNRO and absence of hypothermic mechanism for arrest
  • Presence of lividity, rigor mortis, or tissue decomposition (correct)

    • In which cases should resuscitation efforts not be started?

  • For unwitnessed Asystolic patients who have succumbed to a terminal illness (correct)
  • For patients found with fixed and dilated pupils
  • For patients with suspected down time of more than 30 minutes
  • For patients with a hypothermic mechanism for arrest

    • What does MICCR stand for in the context of cardiac arrest causes?

  • Medically Induced Cardiopulmonary Circulatory Restoration
  • Mandatory Intra-Cranial Cooling and Recovery
  • Minimally Interrupted Cardio-Cerebral Resuscitation (correct)
  • Maximally Invasive Cardiac Compression and Resuscitation

    • When should emphasis be placed on minimizing interruptions in compressions during resuscitation?

    <p>No more than 5 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if an NG tube obstructs an upgraded airway?

    <p>Remove the NG tube and reinsert it in the appropriate port</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it recommended to consider terminating efforts during an adult cardiac arrest?

    <p>When EtCO2 is less than 10 mm Hg with good quality CPR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum total dose of EPI (1:10,000) recommended for use during cardiac arrest?

    <p>4 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is recommended for stable torsades during an adult cardiac arrest?

    <p>Magnesium sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first dose of Amiodarone recommended for adult cardiac arrest?

    <p>300mg IV/IO over 5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should defibrillation be performed during an adult cardiac arrest?

    <p>At any time during the arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum single dose of Amiodarone for patients with torsades?

    <p>300 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In post-torsades considerations, what is the maximum dose of Magnesium Sulfate that can be administered?

    <p>2g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial dose of Epinephrine for patients who remain hypotensive after receiving normal saline?

    <p>0.2mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for administering Push-Dose Presser Epinephrine?

    <p>Hypotension secondary to blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the treatment of adult hyperkalemia, what is the recommended administration route for Albuterol?

    <p>Via nebulizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial dose of Cold Normal Saline in the treatment of excited delirium (if available)?

    <p>20 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done during CPR for third trimester patients in cardiac arrest?

    <p>Manually displace the uterus towards the left</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defined condition of patients who gain consciousness while receiving CPR?

    <p>CPR-induced consciousness post-cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for administering ketamine?

    <p>Pregnant patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a rapid infusion of 250mL IV/10 be given for hypoglycemia?

    <p>After refractory V-Fib/V-Tach termination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defined condition of refractory V-Fib/V-Tach?

    <p>Persistent V-Fib/V-Tach without transient interruption after 3 defibrillations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the protocol for double sequential defibrillation?

    <p>Verify both monitors/defibrillators are attached and confirm V-FIB/V-TACH rhythm on both monitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should esmolol be administered over 10 minutes IV/10?

    <p>If refractory V-Fib/V-Tach is still present during the next rhythm check</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered for lightning-strike patients who are apneic or in cardiac arrest?

    <p>Immediate defibrillation as applicable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for any firefighter who suffers cardiac arrest during or within 6 hours after a fire incident?

    <p>Cyanokit dosing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done for drowning victims if the possibility of hypothermia exists?

    <p>Not to be pronounced dead at the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should patients struck by lightning receive priority?

    <p>If they are in cardiac arrest or apneic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered for all third trimester patients in cardiac arrest?

    <p>Transport to the closest OB hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial rate for transcutaneous pacing for bradycardic patients?

    <p>60 beats per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the presence of significant coronary heart disease, CHF, and renal failure patients, what is a particular precaution that should be taken with Push-Dose Presser Epinephrine?

    <p>Administer faster than 1 ml/minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient remains hypotensive after the administration of normal saline?

    <p>Administer rapid infusion of 250mL IV/10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases where cardiac arrest was a result of Torsades and no Magnesium Sulfate was administered, what is the recommended initial dose of Magnesium Sulfate?

    <p>2g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During compressions, what should be done if defibrillation is ongoing?

    <p>Continue compressions during defibrillator chirp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum total dose of EPI (1:10,000) recommended for use during cardiac arrest?

    <p>.2mg (20ml)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for administering Push-Dose Presser Epinephrine?

    <p>Hypotension secondary to blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In post-torsades considerations, what is the maximum total dose of Magnesium Sulfate that can be administered?

    <p>.2g (20ml)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done for drowning victims if the possibility of hypothermia exists?

    <p>.01mg/kg EPI IV/10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure utilized when a patient refuses evaluation, treatment, and/or transportation by prehospital personnel?

    <p>Refusal of care procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals can refuse medical care and/or transport?

    <p>A married minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition may a person be considered incompetent to refuse medical care and/or transportation?

    <p>Altered level of consciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a competent adult defined in the context of refusing medical care and/or transportation?

    <p>Ability to understand the risks and lack of potential benefits of refusal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of small group defusing according to the Mitchell Model?

    <p>To assess and educate with possible referral and follow up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario is Crisis Management briefing most appropriate?

    <p>Large incidents or incidents with high media involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Florida Statute 401.30(4) (e) protect during a C/SM intervention?

    <p>Confidential and privileged communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CLINICIAN RESPONSE TEAM (CRT) in first responder care?

    <p>Evaluation and educational services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of EVALUATED RECOVERY CENTERS in first responder care?

    <p>To provide first responder specific treatment programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is ideally positioned to provide support in identifying the need for professional care for first responders?

    <p>Family caregivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RETIREE SUPPORT PROGRAMS aim to do?

    <p>Extend mental wellness programs to retirees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emphasis of Family Support programs?

    <p>Enhancing the caregivers knowledge of stress injuries/mental health related issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario is small group debriefing recommended?

    <p>12-72 hours post-critical incident occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Retiree Support Programs?

    <p>Mental wellness programs should be extended to include retirees who may continue to suffer from job related stress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the emphasis of Family Support programs?

    <p>Educational programs may be designed to enhance the caregivers knowledge of Stress injuries/mental health related issues specific to the first responder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be considered when determining if Air Rescue may be utilized for transport?

    <p>Patient status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for the landing zone, as stated in the text?

    <p>A 100 feet by 100 feet area free from potential safety hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should on-scene personnel secure when Air Rescue may be utilized for transport?

    <p>A MedCom channel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of flight medics in the process of determining a landing zone?

    <p>Relaying information to the pilot regarding the intended landing zone area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the absence of a parent or guardian, when must a minor be transported to the appropriate hospital?

    <p>If there is no authorized adult present to sign the patient refusal form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances should contact with Medical Direction be considered for consultation regarding high-risk refusals?

    <p>For patients who refuse transport after administration of any IV medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what principle may an incompetent person be treated and transported?

    <p>Under the principle of implied consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should field personnel do if a diabetic patient wants to sign a Patient Refusal Form after receiving treatment?

    <p>Ensure that the patient meets the criteria to refuse as outlined in the protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances should emphasis be placed on minimizing interruptions in compressions during resuscitation?

    <p>For all adult patients regardless of the situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for drowning victims to sign a Patient Refusal Form if hypothermia is a possibility?

    <p>Immediate access to food and blood glucose levels within acceptable range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a separate EMS Run Report be filled out for individuals who refuse ALL assistance, including proper evaluation?

    <p>Only if an examination on an individual has begun already</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances should Medical Direction be contacted for further consultation on transport destination?

    <p>If there is no authorized adult to sign or it is unclear if refusal is safe for the patient or EMS system/agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a minor refuse care or transport based on paramedic judgement?

    <p>When refusal is in question based on paramedic judgement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should an examination of an individual refusing ALL assistance, including proper evaluation, be recorded on a separate EMS Run Report?

    <p>Once an examination has been begun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color should the Do Not Resuscitate Order Form be printed on?

    <p>Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can sign the Do Not Resuscitate Order Form and the patient identification device to make them valid?

    <p>The patient's physician, the patient, and the patient's healthcare surrogate or proxy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a Do Not Resuscitate Order (DNRO) be revoked?

    <p>By orally expressing a contrary intent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should be documented in the EMS Run Report if a witness is used to identify the patient?

    <p>The full name, address, telephone number, and relationship of the witness to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What care should EMS providers provide during each transport when a DNRO form or patient identification device accompanies the live patient?

    <p>Comforting, pain-relieving, and any other medically indicated care, short of respiratory or cardiac resuscitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When will Florida be adopting POLST (Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment Paradigm)?

    <p>In the near future</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a DNRO be verified by EMS?

    <p>By verifying from a driver's license or photo identification or from a witness in the presence of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should EMS personnel do if law enforcement personnel refuse access to a potential crime scene?

    <p>Notify the EMS Agency Supervisor and complete an incident report.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should EMS personnel do if the patient has no pulse, no spontaneous respiration, and meets criteria outlined in the protocol for determination of death?

    <p>Follow the appropriate protocol for treatment and resuscitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard dispatch for an Air Rescue assignment?

    <p>One engine company and one rescue unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should additional units be dispatched for an Air Rescue assignment?

    <p>As dictated by the incident circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances may Air Rescue response be necessary?

    <p>For patients located in areas inaccessible by ground or in time-critical inter-facility patient transfers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What safety considerations should personnel take into account when requesting Air Rescue for patient transport?

    <p>Existing questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is authorized to modify the standard dispatch for an Air Rescue assignment?

    <p>Uniformed Fire Department Officers only.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a request for Air Rescue response be made?

    <p>As soon as possible through dispatch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an incident that may necessitate Air Rescue response?

    <p>Extrication of a trauma patient is anticipated to exceed fifteen (15) minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guidelines should be followed if it is determined that Air Rescue response may be necessary?

    <p>Make the request as soon as possible through Dispatch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should EMS personnel do if law enforcement refuse access to a crime scene?

    <p>Notify the EMS Agency Supervisor and complete an incident report as required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can modify an Air Rescue assignment?

    <p>Uniformed Fire Department Officers only.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the POLST Paradigm primarily focused on?

    <p>Ensuring patient wishes are honored at the end of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who should have a POLST form according to the text?

    <p>Patients with serious illness or frailty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form translates shared decisions into actionable medical orders?

    <p>POLST</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of contacting medical direction for a 'determination of death' as stated in the text?

    <p>To confirm the death of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended when resuscitation on a TRAUMA victim should NOT be attempted?

    <p>Consider terminating efforts and leave the body at the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions may a person be considered dead/non-salvageable and not be resuscitated according to the text?

    <p>Injuries incompatible with life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of law enforcement once death has been determined according to the text?

    <p>Take responsibility for the deceased's body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinctive feature does the POLST form have compared to an Advance Directive?

    <p>Translates shared decisions into actionable medical orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of advance care planning according to the text?

    <p>Ensuring patient wishes are honored at the end of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario should resuscitation efforts NOT be started as per the text?

    <p>Patient has asystole and fixed, dilated pupils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs once a patient is determined to be dead/non-salvageable according to the text?

    <p>Local law enforcement takes responsibility for the body at the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes POLST from an Advance Directive according to the text?

    <p>POLST translates shared decisions into actionable medical orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some potential risks for the retiree demographic in the fire service community?

    <p>Loss of connectivity with others in the fire service community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should effective insurance policies for first responders include?

    <p>Inclusive of first responder specific providers and high-level service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who should be knowledgeable in first responders' mental health professional and effective treatment options?

    <p>Program managers of employee assistance programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the BHAP Team Coordinator in the activation process?

    <p>Informing the BHAP Clinical Director of the incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what location should interventions by the BHAP team be conducted?

    <p>Secure location without written, audio, or video recording</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When activating CISM, who should the duty officer provide information to?

    <p>Safety and Health Chief only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can the most updated Coral Springs BHAP resources be found?

    <p>.coralspringsstrong.org</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legislative authority governs Do Not Resuscitate Orders (DNRO) in Florida?

    <p>(FAC) 64J-2.018 Do Not Resuscitate Order (DNRO) Form and Patient Identification Device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should EMS do if a DNRO/POLST/MOST/MOLST form from another state is presented by the patient or family?

    <p>Contact Medical Control for direction as soon as possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color should the Do Not Resuscitate Order (DNRO) form be printed on?

    <p>White</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum total dose of Epinephrine (1:10,000) recommended for use during cardiac arrest?

    <p>1 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

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