Adrenergic Agonist Drugs
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Questions and Answers

What type of receptors does epinephrine interact with?

  • Only beta receptors
  • Both alpha and beta receptors (correct)
  • Only alpha receptors
  • Neither alpha nor beta receptors

    • What is the primary therapeutic use of norepinephrine?

  • Treating acute hypotension in unstable patients (correct)
  • Treating bronchospasm
  • Relieving glaucoma symptoms
  • Managing anaphylactic shock

    • What is the effect of dopamine on renal blood flow?

  • Initially increases then decreases renal blood flow
  • Has no effect on renal blood flow
  • Increases renal blood flow (correct)
  • Decreases renal blood flow

    • Which of the following is a side effect of epinephrine?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in the effects of low-dose and high-dose epinephrine?

    <p>Low-dose epinephrine stimulates beta receptors, while high-dose epinephrine stimulates alpha receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of isoproterenol?

    <p>Managing bronchial asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of dopamine on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Positive inotropy and chronotropy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of fenoldopam?

    <p>Rapid vasodilation for severe hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 receptors?

    <p>Dopamine 1 receptors cause vasodilation, while dopamine 2 receptors inhibit norepinephrine release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the therapeutic use of dobutamine?

    <p>Managing heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of cocaine?

    <p>Blockade of Na+/K+ pump required for reuptake of norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of phenoxybenzamine on blood pressure?

    <p>Decreases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of β blockers on cardiac output?

    <p>Decrease cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of quinazoline-based drugs?

    <p>Blockade of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of β blockers in reducing renin secretion?

    <p>Block β1 receptors in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of prazosin?

    <p>Treatment of hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of phentolamine on the pupil?

    <p>Miosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following β blockers is a hybrid antihypertensive drug?

    <p>Labetalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of reserpine?

    <p>Depletion of biogenic amines from central and peripheral synapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of β blockers with ISA on the heart rate?

    <p>No effect on heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of guanethidine on blood pressure?

    <p>Decreases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical use of β blockers in relation to myocardial infarction?

    <p>Prophylaxis of arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following β blockers is cardio-selective?

    <p>Metoprolol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect of guanethidine?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of tamsulosin on urinary flow?

    <p>Decreases resistance to urinary flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of β blockers on automaticity of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

    <p>Decrease automaticity of the SA node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generation of β blockers includes non-selective β blockers?

    <p>1st generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first dose phenomenon associated with quinazoline-based drugs?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Adrenergic Agonists

    • Act on receptors stimulated by epinephrine and norepinephrine
    • Mediate major effects through β receptors
      • β1: Increase myocardial contractility, heart rate, and lipolysis
      • β2: Vasodilation, bronchodilation, relaxation of uterine smooth muscle
      • β3: Lipolysis in adipose tissue

    Direct Acting Adrenergic Agonists

    • Endogenous/Natural Occurring: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine
    • Synthetic: Dobutamine, Isoproterenol
    • Epinephrine: interacts with alpha and beta receptors, depending on dose
      • Low dose: beta receptor activity predominates (vasodilation)
      • High dose: alpha receptor activity predominates (vasoconstriction)

    Actions of Epinephrine

    • Cardiovascular system: (+) inotropic and chronotropic effects, peripheral vasoconstriction and vasodilation
    • Respiratory system: Bronchodilation
    • Liver: Glycogenolysis
    • Pancreas: Insulin secretion
    • Adipose tissue: Lipolysis

    Therapeutic Use of Epinephrine

    • Bronchospasm
    • Anaphylactic shock
    • Glaucoma
    • Anesthetics

    Norepinephrine

    • Affects mostly alpha receptors
    • Actions:
      • Cardiovascular: vasoconstriction
    • Therapeutic use:
      • Acute hypotension
      • Atropine pre-treatment
      • Cardiac arrest

    Isoproterenol

    • Non-selective β1 and β2 agonist
    • Actions:
      • Cardiovascular: (+) inotropic and chronotropic effects, decreased peripheral resistance
      • Pulmonary: Bronchodilation
    • Therapeutic use: Bronchial Asthma

    Dopamine

    • Acts on A1 and B1 receptors
    • D1 receptors: vasodilation, especially in renal, coronary, mesenteric, and cerebral vascular beds
    • D2 receptors: inhibit norepinephrine release
    • Actions:
      • Cardiovascular: (+) inotropic and chronotropic effects, vasoconstriction, and vasodilation
    • Therapeutic use: Primarily used for cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure

    Other Direct Acting Agents

    • Fenoldopam: IV, D1, and A2 receptors, rapid vasodilation for severe hypertension
    • Phenylephrine: A1, nasal decongestant
    • Dobutamine: B1, (+) inotropic effect, congestive heart failure
    • Clonidine: A2, essential hypertension, CNS action

    Indirect Acting Adrenergic Agents

    • Amphetamines: release norepinephrine from presynaptic terminals, central stimulation
    • Tyramine: increases norepinephrine release from presynaptic terminals
    • Cocaine: local anesthetic, blocks Na+/K+ pump, enhances norepinephrine activity
    • Mixed-Action Adrenergic Agents:
      • Ephedrine: enhances contractility, Myasthenia Gravis
      • Metaraminol: shock treatment, alternative to norepinephrine

    Adrenergic Agonists Side Effects

    • Arrhythmias
    • Headache
    • Hyperactivity
    • Insomnia
    • Nausea
    • Tremors

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    Related Documents

    Systemic Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the effects of adrenergic agonist drugs on receptors stimulated by epinephrine and norepinephrine, including vasodilation, tachycardia, and bronchodilation.

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