Adrenal Insufficiency Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a cause of primary hyperaldosteronism?

  • Excessive unregulated secretion of aldosterone (correct)
  • Decreased intravascular volume
  • Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex
  • Excessive secretion of renin

    • What is the major cause of Addison disease in the United States?

  • Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex (correct)
  • Metastatic carcinoma
  • Tuberculosis
  • Excessive secretion of renin

    • What is the main manifestation of adrenal insufficiency?

  • Excessive secretion of aldosterone
  • Hypopituitarism
  • Increased intravascular volume
  • Hyperpigmentation (correct)

    • What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the skin to look bronzed or suntanned in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Elevated levels of ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Hypopituitarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary manifestation of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency is likely to experience hyperkalemia.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major glucocorticoid hormone replaced in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Deficiency in cortisol synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of the 'salt-losing' form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, dehydration, shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: Boys are seldom diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) unless they have enlarged genitalia or manifest adrenal crisis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical consequence of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Hypokalemia - Alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of Cushing syndrome?

    <p>Hypercortisolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a manifestation of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of aldosterone?

    <p>Promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a manifestation of Cushing syndrome?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following will promote aldosterone secretion?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) in female infants?

    <p>Excess facial hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of CAH?

    <p>Excessive production of androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is commonly used for CAH?

    <p>Serum 17-OHP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for CAH?

    <p>Glucocorticoid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should reconstructive surgery be considered for CAH patients?

    <p>During the first year of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the development of male sex characteristics in females with CAH?

    <p>Virilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication may be prescribed to CAH patients experiencing unwanted hair growth or androgenic hair loss?

    <p>Antiandrogen drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is stress dosing of glucocorticoids necessary for CAH patients?

    <p>During periods of illness or significant stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fludrocortisone acetate in the treatment of CAH?

    <p>Mineralocorticoid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of Cushing syndrome?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a manifestation of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Genetic enzyme deficiencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical consequence of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Hypokalemia - Alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency is likely to experience hyperkalemia.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary manifestation of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Skin hyperpigmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major glucocorticoid hormone replaced in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of primary hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Adrenal tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of CAH?

    <p>Deficiency in cortisol synthesis enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of Cushing syndrome?

    <p>Excessive cortisol production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of the 'salt-losing' form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Hypotension, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease) in the United States?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the major cause of Addison disease in countries where it is more prevalent?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hyperaldosteronism (excessive production of mineralocorticoids)?

    <p>Excessive unregulated secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of secondary hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Excessive unregulated secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major manifestation of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

    <p>Glucocorticoid deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major manifestation of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Elevated ACTH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the skin to look bronzed or suntanned in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Elevated ACTH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) in female infants?

    <p>Enlarged genitalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic test used to identify Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Oral glucocorticoid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is stress dosing of glucocorticoids necessary for CAH patients?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the development of male sex characteristics in females with CAH?

    <p>Virilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication may be prescribed to CAH patients experiencing unwanted hair growth or androgenic hair loss?

    <p>Antiandrogen drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Hyperproduction of androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should reconstructive surgery be considered for CAH patients?

    <p>During the first year of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the appearance of pubic and armpit hair in CAH patients?

    <p>Hirsutism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease) in the United States?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major cause of Addison disease in countries where tuberculosis is more prevalent?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of primary hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Excessive unregulated secretion of aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of secondary hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Excessive secretion of renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major manifestation of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

    <p>Hyperpigmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major manifestation of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Glucocorticoid deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes skin hyperpigmentation in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Elevated levels of ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of the 'salt-losing' form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, dehydration, shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency is not likely to experience skin hyperpigmentation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease) in the United States?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major glucocorticoid hormone replaced in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Deficiency in enzymes necessary for cortisol synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for CAH?

    <p>Steroid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of Cushing syndrome?

    <p>Excessive production of glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major manifestation of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Deficiency of ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary manifestation of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Weakness and fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for CAH?

    <p>Glucocorticoid replacement therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following will promote aldosterone secretion?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of CAH in infants with hyperproduction of androgens?

    <p>Deep voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic test commonly used for CAH?

    <p>Serum 17-OHP (17-hydroxyprogesterone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a medical treatment for CAH?

    <p>Oral or parenteral glucocorticoid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is stress dosing of glucocorticoids necessary for CAH patients?

    <p>During periods of illness or other significant stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the development of male sex characteristics in females with CAH?

    <p>Virilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for women with CAH experiencing unwanted hair growth or androgenic hair loss?

    <p>Antiandrogen drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Hyperproduction of androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

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