Adrenal Gland Function and Addison's Disease

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary system that regulates aldosterone secretion?

The adrenal medulla
The renin–angiotensin system (correct)
The pancreatic endocrine system
The hypothalamic-pituitary system

What is one of the main therapeutic uses of adrenocortical steroids in medicine?

For their anti-inflammatory effects (correct)
To enhance blood circulation
For pain relief in minor injuries
To stimulate growth hormone secretion

In Addison's disease, what is recommended for patients to replace specific hormones?

Herbal supplements that mimic hormone action
Regular exercise to boost hormone levels
Increased dietary sodium intake
Adrenocortical steroids for replacement therapy (correct)

What happens to metabolic effects when adrenocortical steroids are used in doses far above those needed for physiological replacement?

<p>They lead to adverse effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone primarily controls hydrocortisone secretion?

<p>Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Adrenal Cortex Zones

The adrenal cortex is composed of different zones, each producing a specific steroid hormone.

CRF

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a hormone released from the hypothalamus that stimulates the pituitary gland.

ACTH

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is secreted by the pituitary gland and regulates the production of cortisol by the adrenal cortex.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones

The adrenal cortex produces cortisol, aldosterone, and other steroid hormones.

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Addison's Disease

Addison's disease is characterized by adrenal insufficiency, leading to a deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone.

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Study Notes

Adrenal Gland Function

The adrenal gland is an endocrine gland with different zones in the cortex that produce different steroids.
The hypothalamic-pituitary system controls hydrocortisone secretion through corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Aldosterone secretion is primarily regulated by the renin-angiotensin system.

Addison's Disease and Pharmacotherapy

If the adrenal cortex fails (Addison's disease), replacement therapy with adrenocortical steroids is possible.
The primary medical use of adrenocortical steroids is for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
These effects are seen only when the drug doses are much higher than needed for normal hormone replacement.

Metabolic Effects

Adrenocortical steroids have various metabolic effects that are crucial for normal body function.
However, at high doses (used for treatment), these can become adverse effects.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential functions of the adrenal gland, including hormone production and regulation. It also explores Addison's disease, its treatment options, and the pharmacological effects of adrenocortical steroids. Test your knowledge on these critical endocrine topics and their impact on metabolism.