Adolescent Health and Development

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common diagnosis in childhood behavior problems according to the text?

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (correct)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Autism spectrum disorder

Anxiety disorder

According to DSM-5, what are the three diagnostic subtypes of ADHD?

Primarily introverted type, primarily extroverted type, and a combined type

Primarily obsessive type, primarily compulsive type, and a combined type

Primarily inattentive type, primarily hyperactive-impulse type, and a combined type (correct)

Primarily anxious type, primarily depressive type, and a combined type

At what age should symptoms of ADHD usually present?

Before the age of 10

Before the age of 3

Before the age of 7 (correct)

Before the age of 14

What biological factor, mentioned in the text, is considered a predisposing factor for ADHD?

Family history Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental influence is mentioned in the text as a possible factor for ADHD?

Maternal smoking during pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential impairment in ADHD?

Deficit behavioral inhibition Signup and view all the answers

What subjective data should be collected during well child checks for school-age children?

Elimination habits and development Signup and view all the answers

What lab test should be done once typically at the age of eight for school-age children?

Hematocrit Signup and view all the answers

When should the PPD test for tuberculosis be done for school-age children?

Once before school entry at age four to six, then annually based on risk factors Signup and view all the answers

What should you discuss with school-age children during well child checks regarding risk factors/behavior?

Alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, especially caffeine for older children Signup and view all the answers

What vaccine should a school-age child receive for school entry?

MMR vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What objective data should be obtained during well child checks for school-age children?

Tanner Staging and BMI Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of obtaining cholesterol levels for school-age children?

To screen for dyslipidemia or premature cardiac disease Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with ADHD also have oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder?

50% Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic study involves direct observation in multiple settings?

Vanderbilt Assessment Tool Signup and view all the answers

Which medication for ADHD works by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters to increase focus and attention?

Amphetamines Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of short-acting preparations of ADHD medication?

Insomnia Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to avoid when prescribing ADHD medications to minimize insomnia?

Evening dosage changes Signup and view all the answers

Which non-pharmacologic treatment is mentioned in the text for school-age children with ADHD?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason for being cautious about giving ADHD medications to children according to the text?

Cardiovascular disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the management approach mentioned first for children with ADHD in the text?

Structured environment and operant conditioning techniques Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of sleep for children of this age group?

8-10 hours per night Signup and view all the answers

According to the American Pediatrics Academy, what should healthcare workers develop with families regarding screen time?

A family media use plan Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of child abuse according to the text?

Neglect Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of abusers are parents based on the information provided?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What are potential signs or symptoms of child abuse as indicated in the text?

Developmental delays and unmet physical needs Signup and view all the answers

What should healthcare professionals do if they suspect child abuse or neglect?

Follow required reporting standards and report suspected abuse or neglect Signup and view all the answers

At what age do girls typically reach their peak height velocity?

11 to 12 years old Signup and view all the answers

What BMI range indicates that a child is overweight?

Between 85th and 95th percentile Signup and view all the answers

At what weight can the milligram per kilogram per day dosages for medications in children equal an adult dosage?

65 pounds Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of Jean Piaget's cognitive development can children grasp concepts of conservation and use deductive reasoning?

Concrete operational stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical visual acuity for children at this age?

$20/20$ Signup and view all the answers

At what percentile does a BMI indicate obesity in children?

Above 95th percentile Signup and view all the answers

At what age do scoliosis screenings typically begin for children?

9 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is the average weight of a 10-year-old child?

$70$ to $80$ pounds Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Childhood Behavior Problems

Most common diagnosis in childhood behavior problems: ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)

ADHD Diagnosis

Three diagnostic subtypes of ADHD according to DSM-5: Combined Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type, and Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type
Symptoms of ADHD usually present before the age of 12
Biological factor considered a predisposing factor for ADHD: genetic predisposition
Environmental influence mentioned as a possible factor for ADHD: prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke
Essential impairment in ADHD: deficits in social, academic, or occupational functioning

Well Child Checks for School-Age Children

Data to be collected during well child checks: subjective data, including symptoms of ADHD and sleep patterns
Lab test to be done once typically at the age of eight: lipid profile
PPD test for tuberculosis to be done: at 4-6 years and 11-12 years
Discussion topics with school-age children during well child checks: risk factors and behavior regarding substance abuse, safety, and nutrition
Vaccine to be received for school entry: Tdap booster
Objective data to be obtained during well child checks: height, weight, blood pressure, and BMI
Purpose of obtaining cholesterol levels: to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease

ADHD Treatment and Management

Percentage of patients with ADHD who also have oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder: 30-50%
Diagnostic study involving direct observation in multiple settings: behavioral observation
Medication for ADHD that works by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters: stimulants
Potential side effect of short-acting preparations of ADHD medication: insomnia
Recommendation to avoid when prescribing ADHD medications: giving them too close to bedtime
Non-pharmacologic treatment for school-age children with ADHD: behavioral therapy
Reason for being cautious about giving ADHD medications to children: potential side effects and long-term effects on growth
Management approach mentioned first for children with ADHD: behavioral therapy and psychoeducation
Recommended amount of sleep for children of this age group: 10-11 hours

General Pediatrics

Recommended approach to screen time according to the American Pediatrics Academy: development of a family media plan
Most common form of child abuse: neglect
Percentage of abusers who are parents: 80%
Potential signs or symptoms of child abuse:bruises, burns, or fractures
Action to be taken by healthcare professionals if they suspect child abuse or neglect: report to child protective services
Age at which girls typically reach their peak height velocity: 10-12 years
BMI range indicating that a child is overweight: 85th-94th percentile
Weight at which milligram per kilogram per day dosages for medications in children can equal an adult dosage: 40 kg
Stage of Jean Piaget's cognitive development where children can grasp concepts of conservation and use deductive reasoning: Formal Operational Stage
Typical visual acuity for children at this age: 20/20
BMI percentile indicating obesity in children: 95th percentile
Age at which scoliosis screenings typically begin for children: 10-12 years
Average weight of a 10-year-old child: 30-40 kg

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Description

This quiz covers topics related to adolescent health and development, including sexual education, sleep, and media use. It addresses the need for accurate information about sexual intercourse, the importance of sleep, and guidance on media use.