Questions and Answers
What is the typical age range for boys and girls to begin puberty?
Most boys begin puberty between 12 and 16 years of age; most girls begin puberty between 10 and 14 years of age.
What are some factors that may contribute to the development of acne in teenagers?
Hormonal, emotional, and genetic factors
What is the term for the rapid increases in height and weight during adolescence?
Adolescent 'growth spurt'
What is a potential benefit of a diet with a low glycemic index on acne?
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What is the life stage in which a child matures physically into an adult?
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What is a common challenge faced by adolescents in terms of their food choices?
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What is the role of healthy adolescents in terms of their adult caregivers?
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What is the significance of puberty in marking the end of childhood?
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What is the consequence of inadequate calcium intake during adolescence?
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What is the daily recommended intake of fat-free or low-fat milk or equivalent dairy products for adolescents?
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What is a risk factor for osteoporosis that teenagers should be aware of?
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Why do some teenagers adopt vegetarian diets?
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What nutrients are important for teenage vegans to include in their diets?
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What resource can teenagers use to plan well-balanced, nutritionally adequate diets?
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What is a concern about some teenagers who adopt vegetarian diets?
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Where can readers find more information about vegetarianism?
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At what age do most girls typically begin their growth spurt?
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When do boys typically begin their growth spurt?
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What is the primary factor that influences the timing of puberty and growth spurts?
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Why do adolescent boys tend to consume more energy than girls of the same age?
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What percentage of high school students did not consume milk during the week before being surveyed?
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What percentage of high school students met the recommended levels of physical activity on 5 or more of the 7 days before the survey?
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Why are adolescent boys at risk of becoming iron deficient during their growth spurt?
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Why are adolescent girls also at risk of iron deficiency?
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What is the daily recommended intake of fat-free or low-fat milk or equivalent dairy products for adolescents?
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What are the major nutrition-related concerns of adolescents?
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Study Notes
Adolescence
- Adolescence is the life stage where a child physically matures into an adult, characterized by reproductive organ growth, attainment of full height, and emotional, intellectual, and social development.
Puberty
- Puberty is a period of dramatic physical changes, including increases in height and weight, known as the adolescent "growth spurt."
- Most boys begin puberty between 12-16 years of age, while most girls begin between 10-14 years of age.
- Puberty signals the end of childhood.
Growth Spurt
- Girls usually begin their growth spurt between 10-13 years of age, while boys begin later, between 12-15 years of age.
- Girls typically begin menstruating during their growth spurt.
- A girl's skeletal growth is almost complete about 2 years after her first menstrual period, whereas boys continue to gain stature until their early twenties.
Energy and Nutrient Needs
- The amount of energy and nutrients required during adolescence reflects the individual's stage of growth and physical activity level.
- Early in adolescence, girls typically consume more energy than boys of the same age, especially if they are active in sports.
- As boys' growth spurt begins, their food intake generally surpasses that of girls.
Nutrition-Related Concerns
- Many American adolescents do not follow healthy diets or get enough exercise, setting the stage for the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other chronic diseases later in life.
- Major nutrition-related concerns include obesity, eating disorders, and low iron and calcium intakes.
- Adolescents who are physically inactive and whose diets rely heavily on unhealthy foods may develop serious health problems.
Iron and Calcium Intakes
- Adolescent boys may become iron deficient during their growth spurt due to inadequate iron intakes.
- Adolescent girls are also at risk of iron deficiency, especially if their diets lack iron-rich foods and they have heavy menstrual blood losses.
- Inadequate calcium intake during adolescence is associated with decreased bone mass and increased likelihood of bone fractures later in life.
Vegetarianism
- Some teenagers adopt vegetarian diets, which can be healthy alternatives to the typical American diet, but some use it to mask disordered eating behaviors.
- Teenage vegans need to include foods that supply adequate amounts of calcium, iron, and zinc, and vitamins D and B-12 in their diets.
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Description
Understand the physical, emotional, and social changes that occur during adolescence and puberty, including growth spurts and reproductive development.
