C. ADHD
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Questions and Answers

What elevated medical conditions have been associated with individuals who have ADHD?

  • Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes
  • Cancer and respiratory issues
  • Digestive disorders and hormonal imbalances
  • Allergy and autoimmune disorders, as well as epilepsy (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes 'Other Specified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder'?

  • A category for presentations that cause significant distress but do not meet full ADHD criteria (correct)
  • A diagnosis for individuals with only hyperactive symptoms
  • A temporary condition that resolves with age
  • A subtype of ADHD with a severe cognitive impairment

    • In what situations is the 'other specified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder' category used?

  • When symptoms exceed those of any neurodevelopmental disorder
  • When there are observable physical changes in behavior
  • When specific reasons are provided for not meeting full ADHD criteria (correct)
  • When the individual receives treatment for another mental health disorder

    • What is the code for 'Unspecified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder'?

    <p>F90.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the distinction between Other Specified and Unspecified Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

    <p>Other Specified requires detailed reasoning, while Unspecified does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What temperament traits are commonly associated with increased risk for ADHD?

    <p>Reduced behavioral inhibition and elevated novelty seeking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor for developing ADHD?

    <p>High levels of physical activity in childhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the heritability estimate for ADHD?

    <p>Approximately 74%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental factor is associated with an increased risk of ADHD?

    <p>Prenatal exposure to alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor affecting the prevalence of ADHD across different regions?

    <p>Differences in diagnostic procedures and methodologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding ADHD in different cultural contexts is accurate?

    <p>Cultural attitudes toward behavioral norms may affect ADHD diagnosis rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do family interaction patterns play in ADHD development?

    <p>They may influence the course of existing ADHD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is elevated among individuals with ADHD?

    <p>Idiopathic epilepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the inattention found in ADHD from impairment in complex attention seen in neurocognitive disorders?

    <p>Inattention in ADHD must have been present prior to age 12.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder co-occurs with ADHD in approximately half of children with the combined presentation?

    <p>Oppositional defiant disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of children with ADHD experience symptoms that also meet criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?

    <p>30% to 50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In adults with ADHD, which type of disorders are relatively more common?

    <p>Personality disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most common comorbid disorders associated with females who have ADHD?

    <p>Oppositional defiant disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sleep disorder is commonly reported by individuals with ADHD that may meet hypersomnolence criteria?

    <p>Hypersomnolence disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is reported to co-occur with ADHD in only a minority of affected individuals?

    <p>Substance use disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cognitive impairments is specifically associated with comorbid sleep disorders in ADHD?

    <p>Daytime impairments in cognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following areas may exhibit neurocognitive deficits in individuals with ADHD?

    <p>Set shifting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a noted characteristic of ADHD in preschool-aged children?

    <p>Hyperactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what developmental stage are symptoms of inattention commonly identified as more prominent in children with ADHD?

    <p>During elementary school years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which minor physical anomalies may be elevated in individuals with ADHD?

    <p>Hypertelorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of children worldwide are suggested to have ADHD based on population surveys?

    <p>7.2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might ADHD symptoms change as individuals enter adolescence?

    <p>Motoric hyperactivity becomes less obvious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population may exhibit higher prevalence rates of ADHD?

    <p>Foster children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of ADHD often persists into adulthood after childhood symptoms have changed?

    <p>Restlessness and inattention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

    <p>A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which presentation type of ADHD is characterized by meeting the criteria for both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity?

    <p>Combined presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'mild' severity indicate in the context of ADHD symptoms?

    <p>Symptoms cause no more than minor impairments in functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the symptoms of ADHD in the context of other mental disorders?

    <p>They cannot be explained by another mental disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior is indicative of inattention in ADHD?

    <p>Failing to complete work or chores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hyperactivity in adults with ADHD commonly manifest as?

    <p>Extreme restlessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an inaccurate statement regarding ADHD symptoms?

    <p>Symptoms are always attributed to intentional defiance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is ADHD classified as 'in partial remission'?

    <p>When full criteria were previously met but fewer are now</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic that differentiates ADHD from intermittent explosive disorder?

    <p>Serious aggression toward others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does impulsivity in ADHD typically manifest compared to intermittent explosive disorder?

    <p>Generalized fidgetiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder shares high levels of impulsive behavior with ADHD but is rare in childhood?

    <p>Intermittent explosive disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do stereotypic movement disorder and ADHD's motor behaviors differ?

    <p>Motoric behavior in ADHD is generalized and non-repetitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be observed to differentiate fidgetiness in ADHD from tics in Tourette’s disorder?

    <p>The duration of the fidgetiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could cause children with specific learning disorder to seem inattentive?

    <p>Frustration and limited cognitive ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a child with an intellectual developmental disorder to be diagnosed with ADHD, what must be true?

    <p>Symptoms must be excessive for their mental age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might ADHD symptoms present in children with an intellectual developmental disorder?

    <p>In highly structured academic environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

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