Addition and Subtraction Basics

• Addition combines numbers to find their total.
• Subtraction is removing a number from another to find the difference.
• Place value is a digit's value based on its position in a number.
• A number line visually represents numbers in order.
• Word problems are math problems in story format.
• Basic subtraction facts are simple subtraction equations with single-digit numbers.
• Basic addition facts are simple addition equations with single-digit numbers.

Addition and Subtraction

• Addition combines numbers to find the total or sum.
• Subtraction finds the difference between two numbers.
• Addition and subtraction are inverse operations; one reverses the other.
• The plus sign (+) indicates addition.
• The minus sign (-) indicates subtraction.
• The equal sign (=) shows the addition or subtraction result.

Addition Strategies

• Counting on involves starting with one number and counting up by the value of the other number.
• Using a number line adds visually by moving along the line.
• Making ten breaks apart numbers to make ten, then adds the rest.
• Doubles involves memorizing doubles facts (e.g., 2+2, 5+5) for related problems.
• Near doubles uses doubles facts where numbers are close (e.g., 6+7 uses 6+6).

Subtraction Strategies

• Counting back starts with a number and counts down by the other's value.
• Using a number line subtracts visually by moving along the line.
• Counting on starts with the smaller number and counts up to the larger to find the difference.
• Related addition facts: if 3+4=7, then 7-4=3.
• Taking away physically removes objects to represent subtraction.

Place Value

• Place value is the digit's value based on its number position.
• In two-digit numbers, the right digit is the ones place.
• In two-digit numbers, the left digit is the tens place.
• 34 has 3 tens and 4 ones.
• 67 has 6 tens and 7 ones.
• Understanding place value is key for adding and subtracting larger numbers.
• Base-ten blocks show place value.
• A base-ten block is one unit or 'one'.
• A rod is ten units or 'ten'.
• Place value helps break down numbers.
• It also helps in regrouping during addition and subtraction.

Number Lines

• A number line is a visual tool showing numbers sequentially.
• Number lines show addition and subtraction.
• Numbers increase from left to right.
• Number lines can start at any number, not just zero.
• Adding on a number line means moving right.
• Subtracting means moving left.
• Jump size matches the number added or subtracted.
• Number lines solve addition and subtraction problems.
• They count forward or backward.
• Number lines can show negative numbers.
• They show the relationship between numbers.
• They help visualize sequences and patterns.

Word Problems

• Word problems present math in a narrative.
• Solving them requires understanding the context and math operation needed.
• Careful reading is needed to understand the question.
• Identify key info and numbers.
• Decide whether to add, subtract, multiply, or divide.
• Write the equation.
• Solve it to find the answer.
• Check that the answer makes sense.
• Keywords identify operations.
• "In all," "total," and "sum" often mean addition.
• "Difference," "left," and "take away" often mean subtraction.
• Drawing pictures or using manipulatives helps visualize.
• Label answers with units (e.g., apples, centimeters).

Basic Subtraction Facts

• Basic subtraction facts are subtraction equations with single-digit numbers.
• Mastering them is essential for complex subtraction.
• Examples: 5-2=3, 9-4=5, 7-3=4
• Practice improves speed and accuracy.
• Flashcards help memorize facts.
• Knowing the addition/subtraction relationship helps recall.
• Knowing that 6+2=8 means that 8-2=6 and 8-6=2.
• Games make learning more engaging.
• Subtraction facts within 10 are fundamental.
• Recognizing patterns helps memorization.
• Visuals like number lines and counters support learning.
• Fact families explain related addition and subtraction facts.

Basic Addition Facts

• Basic addition facts are addition equations with single-digit numbers.
• Memorizing them builds a strong math foundation.
• Examples: 1+1=2, 2+3=5, 4+4=8
• Practice regularly using various methods.
• Flashcards memorize facts.
• Games make learning fun.
• The commutative property (a+b=b+a) helps.
• Learning doubles (e.g., 1+1, 2+2, 3+3) can be a start.
• Manipulatives (e.g., counters, blocks) help visualize.
• Addition facts up to 10 + 10 should be mastered.
• The "make ten" strategy (e.g., 8+2=10, 7+3=10) simplifies calculations.
• Visualizing numbers supports recall.
• Online resources offer practice.