Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the most common age group in which Addison disease (hypoadrenocorticism) is seen?
What is the most common age group in which Addison disease (hypoadrenocorticism) is seen?
- Puppies
- Young to middle-aged dogs (correct)
- Elderly dogs
- All age groups equally
What is the primary cause of adrenocortical failure in cases of Addison disease?
What is the primary cause of adrenocortical failure in cases of Addison disease?
- Adrenal enzyme inhibitors (trilostane)
- Metastatic tumor
- Autoimmune process (correct)
- Hemorrhage
Why is isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency likely underdiagnosed?
Why is isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency likely underdiagnosed?
- Because it primarily affects elderly dogs
- Due to the presence of electrolyte abnormalities
- Because it presents with pathognomonic clinical signs
- As a result of vague and fluctuating clinical signs (correct)
What is required for confirming the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism?
What is required for confirming the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism?
Which of the following clinical signs is most commonly associated with isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency in older dogs?
Which of the following clinical signs is most commonly associated with isolated glucocorticoid insufficiency in older dogs?
What is the principal mineralocorticoid whose reduction in secretion results in marked alterations of serum levels of potassium, sodium, and chloride?
What is the principal mineralocorticoid whose reduction in secretion results in marked alterations of serum levels of potassium, sodium, and chloride?
Which of the following ECG changes may occur in dogs with hyperkalemia?
Which of the following ECG changes may occur in dogs with hyperkalemia?
What is the most common abnormality in dogs with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid insufficiency?
What is the most common abnormality in dogs with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid insufficiency?
What does a sodium:potassium ratio of < 25:1 indicate in the evaluation of adrenal function?
What does a sodium:potassium ratio of < 25:1 indicate in the evaluation of adrenal function?
What is the suspected immune-mediated pathogenesis associated with idiopathic adrenocortical insufficiency in young, female adult dogs?
What is the suspected immune-mediated pathogenesis associated with idiopathic adrenocortical insufficiency in young, female adult dogs?
Which of the following may contribute to the development of moderate hypoglycemia in dogs with decreased production of glucocorticoids?
Which of the following may contribute to the development of moderate hypoglycemia in dogs with decreased production of glucocorticoids?
'A destructive pituitary lesion that decreases ACTH secretion is characterized by severe atrophy of which part of the adrenal gland?'
'A destructive pituitary lesion that decreases ACTH secretion is characterized by severe atrophy of which part of the adrenal gland?'
What does a normocytic, normochromic anemia indicate in the evaluation of adrenal function?
What does a normocytic, normochromic anemia indicate in the evaluation of adrenal function?
What is the main focus of successful treatment for hypoadrenocorticism?
What is the main focus of successful treatment for hypoadrenocorticism?
Which hormone is used for long-term maintenance therapy in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
Which hormone is used for long-term maintenance therapy in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
What should be administered if a dog with hypoadrenocorticism is hypoglycemic?
What should be administered if a dog with hypoadrenocorticism is hypoglycemic?
How often should serum electrolytes be monitored in dogs receiving fludrocortisone acetate for hypoadrenocorticism?
How often should serum electrolytes be monitored in dogs receiving fludrocortisone acetate for hypoadrenocorticism?
What is the initial management of shock in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
What is the initial management of shock in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
What hormone may be used to help with electrolyte imbalances and hypovolemia in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
What hormone may be used to help with electrolyte imbalances and hypovolemia in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism?
What test effectively excludes the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism if baseline cortisol concentrations are >2.0 mcg/dL?
What test effectively excludes the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism if baseline cortisol concentrations are >2.0 mcg/dL?
What is administered if a dog with severe, nonresponsive hyperkalemia requires increased potassium movement into the cells?
What is administered if a dog with severe, nonresponsive hyperkalemia requires increased potassium movement into the cells?
What hormone should be administered if a dog is hypoglycemic and needs enhanced glucose and potassium uptake?
What hormone should be administered if a dog is hypoglycemic and needs enhanced glucose and potassium uptake?
What hormone specifically will not interfere with cortisol measurements during the ACTH stimulation test?
What hormone specifically will not interfere with cortisol measurements during the ACTH stimulation test?
What is NOT true about the treatment of horses with hypoadrenocorticism?
What is NOT true about the treatment of horses with hypoadrenocorticism?
How often should dogs be reexamined after a diagnosis of chronic hypoadrenocorticism?
How often should dogs be reexamined after a diagnosis of chronic hypoadrenocorticism?
