Adaptive Immunity and Cellular Immunity

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What is the primary function of cellular immunity?

Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by pattern recognition receptors

Production of antibodies to combat extracellular pathogens

Elimination of intracellular microbes through T cells and cytokines (correct)

Activation of the complement system to combat bacterial pathogens

What is the role of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response?

Recognition of antigen-presenting cells

Activation of B cells to produce antibodies (correct)

Production of antibodies against pathogens

Direct killing of infected cells

What is the key difference between humoral immunity and cellular immunity?

Humoral immunity involves the activation of T cells, while cellular immunity involves the activation of B cells

Humoral immunity involves the production of antibodies, while cellular immunity involves the activation of T cells (correct)

Humoral immunity is involved in the activation of the complement system, while cellular immunity is involved in the activation of phagocytic cells

Humoral immunity is involved in combating intracellular pathogens, while cellular immunity is involved in combating extracellular pathogens

What is the term for the ability of the adaptive immune system to remember specific pathogens and mount a more rapid and effective response upon subsequent exposure?

Immunological memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells in the adaptive immune response?

Direct killing of infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the initial exposure to a pathogen that stimulates an adaptive immune response?

Primary response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of MHC molecules on professional antigen-presenting cells?

To process and display antigens to naive T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule on T cells binds to epitopes associated with MHC proteins on APCs?

TCR Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of lacking co-stimulation in T cell activation?

T cell anergy Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cellular immunity involves the shut down of immune response and formation of T memory cells?

Shut down of immune response and formation of T memory cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of adhesion molecules in T cell recognition and binding?

To strengthen the binding of T cells to APCs Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cellular immunity involves the recognition and binding of antigens by T cells?

Recognition and binding Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of calcineurin in T cell activation?

To activate gene for IL-2 and its receptor Signup and view all the answers

What happens to T cells after 4-5 days of activation and Interleukins secretion?

They differentiate and expand to yield enough numbers of functional T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IL-2 in T cell activation?

To stimulate T cell proliferation and differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of immunological synapse in T cell activation?

It enhances T cell activation by facilitating antigen presentation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?

To kill infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of memory T cells in the immune response?

They provide long-term protection against future infections Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells activates cells related to cell-mediated immunity, macrophages, and B cells?

TH1 cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Granzymes in Cytotoxic T cells?

Degrading enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Treg cells in the immune response?

Suppressing the immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Perforin in Cytotoxic T cells?

Creating pores in the target cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Memory T cells?

They recognize the same antigen if it enters the body again Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of antigen-activated T cells after the infection is cleared?

They undergo programmed cell death Signup and view all the answers