24 Questions
What is the primary function of cellular immunity?
Elimination of intracellular microbes through T cells and cytokines
What is the role of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response?
Activation of B cells to produce antibodies
What is the key difference between humoral immunity and cellular immunity?
Humoral immunity involves the production of antibodies, while cellular immunity involves the activation of T cells
What is the term for the ability of the adaptive immune system to remember specific pathogens and mount a more rapid and effective response upon subsequent exposure?
Immunological memory
What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells in the adaptive immune response?
Direct killing of infected cells
What is the term for the initial exposure to a pathogen that stimulates an adaptive immune response?
Primary response
What is the primary function of MHC molecules on professional antigen-presenting cells?
To process and display antigens to naive T cells
Which molecule on T cells binds to epitopes associated with MHC proteins on APCs?
TCR
What is the consequence of lacking co-stimulation in T cell activation?
T cell anergy
Which stage of cellular immunity involves the shut down of immune response and formation of T memory cells?
Shut down of immune response and formation of T memory cells
What is the primary function of adhesion molecules in T cell recognition and binding?
To strengthen the binding of T cells to APCs
Which stage of cellular immunity involves the recognition and binding of antigens by T cells?
Recognition and binding
What is the primary function of calcineurin in T cell activation?
To activate gene for IL-2 and its receptor
What happens to T cells after 4-5 days of activation and Interleukins secretion?
They differentiate and expand to yield enough numbers of functional T cells
What is the primary function of IL-2 in T cell activation?
To stimulate T cell proliferation and differentiation
What is the role of immunological synapse in T cell activation?
It enhances T cell activation by facilitating antigen presentation
What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?
To kill infected cells
What is the role of memory T cells in the immune response?
They provide long-term protection against future infections
Which type of T cells activates cells related to cell-mediated immunity, macrophages, and B cells?
TH1 cells
What is the function of Granzymes in Cytotoxic T cells?
Degrading enzymes
What is the role of Treg cells in the immune response?
Suppressing the immune response
What is the function of Perforin in Cytotoxic T cells?
Creating pores in the target cell membrane
What is the characteristic of Memory T cells?
They recognize the same antigen if it enters the body again
What is the fate of antigen-activated T cells after the infection is cleared?
They undergo programmed cell death
Test your knowledge of adaptive immunity, including the principles, immune cells, and mechanisms of cell-mediated and humoral immunity. Explore the stages of cellular and humoral immunity, immunological memory, and primary and secondary responses.
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