Acute Stroke Treatment
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of stroke?

  • Transient Ischemic Attack
  • Ischemic
  • Hemorrhagic
  • Myocardial Infarction (correct)

    • What is the difference between stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

  • Absence of infarction
  • Both duration and absence of infarction (correct)
  • Presence of infarction
  • Duration

    • What is the definition of stroke according to the text?

  • A sudden focal neurological deficit
  • An acute neurological impairment
  • An interruption of blood flow to the brain
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the annual global incidence of stroke?

    <p>15 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do 2/3 of stroke deaths and much stroke disability occur?

    <p>Developing countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 3rd commonest cause of death worldwide?

    <p>Stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of stroke in the next 48 hours following a TIA?

    <p>Up to 8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stroke is the most common cause of all strokes?

    <p>Ischemic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?

    <p>Atherothromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is the most commonly affected in ischemic stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery (MCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risk factors for stroke?

    <p>Previous history of TIAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is associated with contralateral face, arm, and leg weakness in stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery (MCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is associated with contralateral leg weakness and apraxia in stroke?

    <p>Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is associated with contralateral homonymous hemianopia in stroke?

    <p>Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an acute stroke?

    <p>Penumbra is larger than the infarction itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time window for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke?

    <p>4.5 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid for IV hydration in acute stroke?

    <p>Normal saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To identify the presence of hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the indications for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>No well-established acute infarct on CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contraindications for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Presence of hemorrhage on CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored to prevent worsening of stroke in fibrinolytic therapy?

    <p>Blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a relative contraindication/precaution to fibrinolysis in stroke management?

    <p>Recent gastrointestinal hemorrhage within 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>SBP &lt; 220 and DBP &lt; 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure reduction target for patients with mild to moderate hypertension post-stroke?

    <p>10-15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of antiocoagulation therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in stroke prevention?

    <p>2-4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surgical benefit for patients with carotid stenosis < 50% in secondary prevention of stroke?

    <p>No surgical benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke?

    <p>Trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Blood in the sulci of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the long-term effects of stroke?

    <p>Loss of power and immobility, feeding difficulties, dressing disability, disorientation, poor communication, incontinence, DVT, bed sores, contractures, pneumonia, depression, unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for stroke?

    <p>Exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of disability following stroke?

    <p>Motor deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a stroke and a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

    <p>Duration of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Antiplatelet therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual global incidence of stroke?

    <p>15 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is commonly associated with contralateral face, arm, and leg weakness in stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 3rd commonest cause of death worldwide?

    <p>Stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Blood in CT is white</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time window for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke?

    <p>4-4.5 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Witnessed seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid for IV hydration in acute stroke?

    <p>Normal saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indication for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>CT scan shows acute infarct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To assess degree of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>&lt; 140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of stroke?

    <p>Atherothromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is most commonly affected in ischemic stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Hyperdensity in the subarachnoid space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risk factors for stroke?

    <p>Hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Antiplatelet therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure reduction target for patients with mild to moderate hypertension post-stroke?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual global incidence of stroke?

    <p>3rd commonest cause of death worldwide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>SBP &lt; 220 OR DBP &lt; 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time window for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke?

    <p>Within 6 hours of symptom onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of ischemic stroke?

    <p>Atrial Fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Blood in the sulci of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the long-term effects of stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a relative contraindication/precaution to fibrinolysis in stroke management?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of death worldwide after ischemic heart disease and cancer?

    <p>Stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the annual global incidence of stroke?

    <p>15 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

    <p>Duration and absence of infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>&lt; 180/105 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risk factors for stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an acute stroke?

    <p>It is irreversible and leads to dead tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>Between 140/90 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To determine the degree of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contraindications for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Antiplatelet therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the long-term effects of stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a relative contraindication/precaution to fibrinolysis in stroke management?

    <p>Recent AMI within 3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood pressure range for patients not eligible for fibrinolytic therapy in stroke management?

    <p>SBP &lt; 220 OR DBP &lt; 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Blood in the sulci of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Start with aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indication for fibrinolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Recent AMI within 3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of stroke?

    <p>Ischemic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time window for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke?

    <p>Within 3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid for IV hydration in acute stroke?

    <p>Normal saline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is associated with contralateral homonymous hemianopia in stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of stroke?

    <p>Ischemic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common artery affected in ischemic stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery (MCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common risk factor for stroke?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic finding in CT scan for subarachnoid hemorrhage?

    <p>Bilateral visual loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of stroke?

    <p>Paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an acute stroke?

    <p>Flows through arterial system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To rule out other causes of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of stroke?

    <p>Ischemic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a stroke and a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

    <p>A stroke is permanent, while a TIA is temporary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for most patients with acute ischemic stroke?

    <p>Supportive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is commonly associated with contralateral face, arm, and leg weakness in stroke?

    <p>Middle cerebral artery (MCA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of disability following stroke?

    <p>Ischemic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time window for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke?

    <p>3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a plain CT scan in stroke management?

    <p>To rule out hemorrhagic stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

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