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Acute Renal Failure: Causes and Definitions

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Acute Renal Failure: Causes and Definitions

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of acute renal failure?

A steady increase in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) or serum creatinine concentrations

An abrupt or rapid, reversible decline in renal function (correct)

A gradual and irreversible decline in renal function

A chronic kidney disease with no reversible decline in renal function

Which condition refers to a pathology within the kidney itself causing acute renal failure?

Prerenal acute renal failure

Acute intrinsic renal failure (correct)

Renal vasoconstriction

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy

What is the most common cause of pre-renal acute renal failure?

Hemorrhage

Myocardial infarction

Renal vasoconstriction (correct)

Toxeamia of pregnancy

Which condition is NOT a cause of acute intrinsic renal failure?

Toxeamia of pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of acute postrenal failure due to ureteric obstruction?

Intraluminal: stone, clot Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is NOT associated with diseases of the tubules caused by hypoperfusion?

Lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of acute renal failure does the filtration rate remain so low that the creatinine and BUN continue to rise?

Maintenance phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action during the Initiation Phase of acute renal failure?

Evaluate for postrenal obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the Recovery Phase in acute renal failure?

Regeneration of tubular epithelial cells Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the management of acute renal failure to prevent intrinsic renal changes during the Initiation Phase?

Removal of causative agents Signup and view all the answers

Which action is recommended during the Diuretic Phase of acute renal failure?

Monitor for major fluid and electrolyte shifts Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration for the Management of Acute Renal Failure during the Maintenance Phase?

Optimize protein and caloric intake Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may cause an abnormal diuresis and salt and water loss during the Recovery Phase of acute renal failure?

Ureteral obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended consideration for Volume Repletion before surgery in the Management of Acute Renal Failure?

Increase sodium balance Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored during the Diuretic Phase of acute renal failure to prevent complications?

Major fluid and electrolyte shifts Signup and view all the answers

What is a key action in the Management of Acute Renal Failure during the Maintenance Phase to maintain water and sodium balance?