Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Renal Failure

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Partial impairment of kidney function
Gradual onset of kidney failure
Complete inability to excrete metabolic waste products
Sudden episode of kidney failure or damage (correct)

What is the normal urine output in a healthy individual?

2.0-3.0 mL/kg/hour
Less than 0.5 mL/kg/hour
1.5-2.0 mL/kg/hour
0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hour (correct)

What is the function of nephrons in the kidney?

Excretes metabolic waste products
Filters the blood and selectively reabsorbs substances (correct)
Excretes only excess water in the form of urine
Only reabsorbs excess water and salts

What does the term 'uremic syndrome' describe?

A set of manifestations resulting from loss of renal function (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for kidney failure?

Renal failure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

It filters the blood (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal range for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in healthy subjects?

60-125 mL/min/1.73 m2 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating Body Surface Area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula?

$\sqrt{(\text{height in cm} \times \text{weight in kg})} / 3600$ (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Sudden decline in GFR, retention of nitrogenous wastes, and disturbance in fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Excessive diuresis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

A sudden episode of kidney failure or damage.

Normal Urine Output

0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hour is normal for healthy individuals.