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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Renal Failure

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Renal Failure

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Partial impairment of kidney function

Gradual onset of kidney failure

Complete inability to excrete metabolic waste products

Sudden episode of kidney failure or damage (correct)

What is the normal urine output in a healthy individual?

2.0-3.0 mL/kg/hour

Less than 0.5 mL/kg/hour

1.5-2.0 mL/kg/hour

0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hour (correct)

What is the function of nephrons in the kidney?

Excretes metabolic waste products

Filters the blood and selectively reabsorbs substances (correct)

Excretes only excess water in the form of urine

Only reabsorbs excess water and salts

What does the term 'uremic syndrome' describe?

A set of manifestations resulting from loss of renal function Signup and view all the answers

What is the other name for kidney failure?

Renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

It filters the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal range for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in healthy subjects?

60-125 mL/min/1.73 m2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating Body Surface Area (BSA) using the Mosteller formula?

$\sqrt{(\text{height in cm} \times \text{weight in kg})} / 3600$ Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Sudden decline in GFR, retention of nitrogenous wastes, and disturbance in fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Excessive diuresis Signup and view all the answers