Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis Pathogenesis

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What is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children?

Rapidly Progressive GN
Membranoproliferative GN
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) (correct)
IgA Nephropathy

What is the primary mechanism of glomerular damage in nephritic syndrome?

Direct damage to the endothelial cell layer
Deposition of immune complex in subepithelial space
Disruption of glomerular basement membrane
All of the above (correct)

What is the function of the slit-like diaphragm in the podocytes?

Keeping the glomerular basement membrane intact
Filtering of small molecules
Regulating blood pressure
Selective filtration based on size and charge (correct)

What is the clinical presentation of nephritic syndrome?

Hematuria, hypertension, and decreased urine output (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the glomerular filtration barrier?

Glomerular basement membrane (GBM) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the podocytes in the glomerulus?

Visceral layer of the Bowman's capsule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical latency period between the onset of pharyngitis and the onset of nephritis in Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis?

7-21 days (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the immune complex deposits in the glomerular basement membrane lead to the recruitment of immune cells?

Activation of the complement cascade (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis?

Edema (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of supportive therapy in the management of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis?

Amelioration of volume expansion and hypertension (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term prognosis of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis in adults?

Not as benign as previously considered, with potential long-term renal damage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary bacterium responsible for Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis?

Group A-beta hemolytic streptococci (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of crescentic or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)?

Sudden and severe acute renal failure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of IgA deposition in IgA Nephropathy?

Glomerular mesangium (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the temporal relationship between upper respiratory infection and episodes of macroscopic hematuria in IgA Nephropathy?

Episodes of macroscopic hematuria occur in close temporal relationship to upper respiratory infection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for ACE inhibitors in IgA Nephropathy?

Proteinuric patients (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP)?

An acute immunoglobulin A (IgA)–mediated disorder (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of treatment in patients with crescentic IgA Nephropathy?

Elimination of antigenic stimulation (C) Signup and view all the answers