Acute Otitis Media Treatment Goals and Guidelines

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What is one of the goals of treatment for Acute Otitis Media (AOM)?

Promoting the use of decongestants

Preventing antibiotic resistance

Eradicating the infection (correct)

Reducing the need for observation

Which therapy is recommended for relieving pain and fever in AOM?

Antihistamines

Topical corticosteroids

Decongestants

Acetaminophen or NSAID (correct)

What is the main concern regarding the use of alternative/complementary therapies for AOM?

Their adverse effects may be unpleasant (correct)

They have proven efficacy for AOM

They are more effective than antibiotics

They are routinely recommended by guidelines

When is surgical insertion of T-tubes most often considered?

For the prevention of recurrent OM Signup and view all the answers

What is the key impact of immediate antibiotic treatment for AOM?

It significantly shortens the duration of symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of children with AOM become symptom-free within 24 hours even without antibiotics?

~60% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT commonly used for classifying pneumonia in the last millennium?

Chest X-rays Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of 'typical' pneumonia according to the text?

S. pneumoniae Signup and view all the answers

Why are Legionella, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydophilia difficult to culture using standard techniques?

They have unusual growth requirements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom used for epidemiological case-finding of pneumonia?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What determines the initial empirical antibiotic therapy for pneumonia patients according to the text?

The patient's recent history and site of care Signup and view all the answers

Why has bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance patterns been changing in the context of pneumonia in recent times?

Impact of vaccination programs Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended empiric antibiotic for both children and adults with rhinosinusitis?

Amoxicillin and clavulanate Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is recommended for penicillin-allergic individuals with rhinosinusitis?

Levofloxacin Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent for most bacterial pharyngitis cases in adults?

Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of symptom reduction when antibiotics are used for Streptococcal pharyngitis?

~1 day Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred oral antibiotic for treating Streptococcal pharyngitis due to its better bioavailability?

Amoxicillin Signup and view all the answers

Which adjuncts are recommended for patients with a possible allergic inflammatory component to their rhinosinusitis?

Nasal irrigation and intranasal glucocorticoids Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal treatment for blastomycosis dependent on?

Severity of disease Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major causes of morbidity from acute illness in the US?

Respiratory infections Signup and view all the answers

Which antifungal is preferred for severe cases of coccidiomycosis, especially in pregnancy?

Amphotericin B Signup and view all the answers

Which two antiviral medications can be used prophylactically during an influenza outbreak?

Oseltamivir and zanamivir Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is fluconazole considered a better choice according to the text?

Disseminated CNS infections Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccines are available for pneumococcus and H.influenzae type b?

Polyvalent polysaccharide vaccines Signup and view all the answers

Why might life-long therapy be required for some patients with blastomycosis?

To avoid relapses that occur after treatment stops Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is only approved for children over 5 years of age?

Zanamivir Signup and view all the answers

What type of patients might be prescribed long courses of oral itraconazole for blastomycosis treatment?

Patients with severe or unresponsive blastomycosis Signup and view all the answers

What threatens the continued use of some quinolones as first-line therapy for respiratory infections?

Resistance Signup and view all the answers

Which antifungal is considered a better choice for severe coccidiomycosis cases except during pregnancy?

Itraconazole Signup and view all the answers

How can an appropriate treatment regimen for a patient with an uncomplicated LRI usually be determined?

History, physical examination, chest radiograph, and properly collected sputum Signup and view all the answers