Acquired Hypercoagulable States: Risk Factors and Clinical Conditions
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for acquired hypercoagulable states?

  • Prolonged bed rest or immobilization
  • Advancing age
  • Genetic predisposition to thrombosis (correct)
  • Cigarette smoking
  • Which of the following clinical conditions is NOT associated with an increased risk of cardiac thrombi formation?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Rheumatic mitral stenosis
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (correct)
  • What is the main pathogenetic mechanism for the formation of cardiac thrombi?

  • Decreased synthesis of coagulation factors
  • Increased production of antithrombin III
  • Increased platelet aggregation
  • Endothelial cell injury and abnormal blood flow (correct)
  • Which of the following is a common location for arterial thrombi?

    <p>Iliac and femoral arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a predisposing clinical condition for the development of hypercoagulable states?

    <p>Disseminated cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can oral contraceptives or the hyperestrogenic state of pregnancy contribute to hypercoagulability?

    <p>By increasing hepatic synthesis of coagulation factors and reducing synthesis of antithrombin III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endothelial layer in relation to thrombosis?

    <p>To maintain laminar flow and prevent stasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is primarily associated with venous thrombosis due to stasis?

    <p>Prolonged immobility or compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with hypercoagulability and an increased risk of thrombosis?

    <p>Polycythemia vera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a heritable hypercoagulable state associated with an increased risk of thrombosis?

    <p>Antithrombin III deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an acquired hypercoagulable state that can increase the risk of thrombosis?

    <p>Cancer and its treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for thrombosis in arterial circulation and cardiac chambers?

    <p>Turbulence and endothelial injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary abnormalities that lead to thrombosis according to the text?

    <p>Endothelial injury, stasis or turbulent blood flow, and hypercoagulability of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines whether thrombus formation, propagation, or dissolution occurs?

    <p>Activity of endothelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does endothelial injury play in thrombosis?

    <p>Causes platelet activation and exposes thrombogenic subendothelial matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Virchow triad according to the text?

    <p>Three primary abnormalities leading to thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can cause endothelial injury leading to thrombosis?

    <p>Radiation exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of alterations in normal blood flow in thrombus formation?

    <p>Disruption of laminar blood flow patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

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