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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of an acid as per the text?
What is the definition of an acid as per the text?
- A molecule capable of donating an electron pair
- A molecule capable of donating a proton (correct)
- A molecule capable of capturing a hydrogen ion
- A molecule capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair
What is the chemical property of acids involving metal reactions?
What is the chemical property of acids involving metal reactions?
- Formation of water and oxygen
- Formation of carbon dioxide only
- Formation of salt and hydrogen gas (correct)
- Formation of metal hydroxide
Which physical property can be used to distinguish acids?
Which physical property can be used to distinguish acids?
- Turns red litmus blue (correct)
- Conducts electricity in solid form
- Neutralizes bases
- Bitter flavor
How are acids classified based on their occurrence?
How are acids classified based on their occurrence?
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Which type of acid is derived from natural sources according to the text?
Which type of acid is derived from natural sources according to the text?
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Study Notes
Definition of Acids
- An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion, H+) or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair.
Physical Properties of Acids
- Sour flavor
- Turns blue litmus red
- Conducts electricity in aqueous form
Chemical Properties of Acids
- Reacts with metals to form salt and hydrogen: Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen (e.g. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2)
- Reacts with metal carbonates: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
Classification of Acids
- Based on occurrence, acids are subdivided into two categories: Natural Acids and Mineral Acids
Natural Acids (Organic Acids)
- Derived from natural sources
- Example: Methanoic acid (HCOOH)
Mineral Acids
- Created from minerals
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