5 Questions
What is the definition of an acid as per the text?
A molecule capable of donating a proton
What is the chemical property of acids involving metal reactions?
Formation of salt and hydrogen gas
Which physical property can be used to distinguish acids?
Turns red litmus blue
How are acids classified based on their occurrence?
Based on their occurrence in nature or minerals
Which type of acid is derived from natural sources according to the text?
Natural Acids
Study Notes
Definition of Acids
- An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion, H+) or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair.
Physical Properties of Acids
- Sour flavor
- Turns blue litmus red
- Conducts electricity in aqueous form
Chemical Properties of Acids
- Reacts with metals to form salt and hydrogen: Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen (e.g. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2)
- Reacts with metal carbonates: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
Classification of Acids
- Based on occurrence, acids are subdivided into two categories: Natural Acids and Mineral Acids
Natural Acids (Organic Acids)
- Derived from natural sources
- Example: Methanoic acid (HCOOH)
Mineral Acids
- Created from minerals
Test your knowledge on the physical and chemical properties of acids, as well as their reactions with metals. Learn about how acids exhibit sour flavor, turn blue litmus red, and conduct electricity in their aqueous form. Explore the reaction between acids and metals to form salts and hydrogen gas.
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