Acids and pH: Science Quiz

Sulphuric acid.

Acidic to slightly alkaline, generally around 6 to 7.5.

It aids in the digestion of food.

<p>Lower than 5.5.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mild base like baking soda.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By mixing soil with water and using universal indicator paper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methanoic acid injected by stinging hairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cleaning the mouth after eating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of magnesia).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The atmosphere of Venus contains sulfuric acid, which is not conducive to life as we know it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria degrade the sugars, forming acids, which lower the mouth's pH and corrode tooth enamel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bee stings inject acid, which the base neutralizes, reducing pain and irritation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants require a specific pH range in order to grow in healthy manner, and are affected if soil pH is outside of their needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During indigestion, the stomach produces too much hydrochloric acid, which causes pain and irritation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tooth enamel is made of calcium hydroxyapatite and does not react with water, but acids cause it to corrode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toothpastes are generally basic, and they neutralize the acids in the mouth that cause tooth decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stinging hair of nettle leaves inject methanoic acid into the skin, which causes a burning pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Magnesium hydroxide is a mild base that helps neutralize the excess acid in the stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtration removes solid particles, yielding a filtrate that allows accurate reading of the soil solution pH using universal indicator paper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sulphuric acid would create an extremely hostile environment, making it unlikely for life forms as we know them to survive due to high acidity and lack of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measuring soil pH helps identify which plants would thrive in that soil, as different plants require specific pH levels for optimal growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrochloric acid aids digestion by breaking down food while the stomach lining secretes mucus to protect itself from the acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria produce acids that lower the mouth's pH, leading to the decalcification of tooth enamel and resulting in tooth decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antacids neutralize excess stomach acid, raising the pH and relieving the pain and irritation caused by indigestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cleaning the mouth removes leftover food particles that bacteria can break down into acids, thus helping maintain a higher pH and preventing tooth decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bee venom and nettle sting acids deter predators through pain, signaling that the organism is protected by a chemical defense mechanism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tooth enamel is structurally resilient to water, but its mineral composition can be compromised by acids, highlighting the need to maintain oral pH above 5.5 to prevent decay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The effectiveness of baking soda in reducing the pain from a bee sting demonstrates how pH balance is crucial for managing biological reactions within the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowledge of soil pH can guide farmers in selecting appropriate crops and amendments to optimize soil health and agricultural yields.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methanoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rubbing the area with the leaf of a dock plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Citric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A solution with a pH of 6.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It makes the solution more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methanoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dock leaves are traditionally used to relieve the pain caused by nettle stings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solution with a pH of 6 is acidic because it has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions compared to the one with a pH of 8.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing H+(aq) ion concentration lowers the pH, making the solution more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A farmer would treat the soil with quick lime in acidic soil conditions to raise the pH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural remedies like dock leaves and baking soda can neutralize the acidic components from the stings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tomatoes contain oxalic acid and vinegar contains acetic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH of the solution increases as it becomes more basic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acid found in ant stings is called methanoic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic solutions contain H+(aq) ions, but their concentration is lower compared to acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rubbing dock leaves or using baking soda are traditional methods to neutralize sting pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hydrogen ion concentration has decreased, and the solution is now less acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A farmer could use quick lime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It will have a low concentration of hydrogen ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tamarind contains tartaric acid, and lemons contain citric acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dock leaves are basic and contain compounds which neutralize the methanoic acid injected by the nettle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concentration of $H^+$ ions has increased, and the solution is becoming more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methanoic acid is found in both ant and nettle stings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solution is basic. It has more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower pH values mean higher hydrogen ion concentration and are acidic. Higher pH values mean lower hydrogen ion concentration and are basic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxalic acid and citric acid would be in the mixture, and it would be considered acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salts that share the same positive or negative radical belong to a family.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neutral salt has a pH of 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rock salt deposits form when seas of bygone eras dry up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride is a neutral salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salts of strong acid and weak base are acidic, while those of strong base and weak acid are basic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The salt will be acidic with a pH less than 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The salt will be basic with a pH more than 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride can also be found in deposits of solid salt, called rock salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rock salt is often brown due to impurities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a symbol in the struggle for freedom during Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Below 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutral salt with a pH of 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large crystals of sodium chloride (NaCl) formed when seas dried up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They share the same positive or negative radical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong base and weak acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium salts and chloride salts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salts can have pH values of 7 or greater than or less than 7. The pH depends on the strength of the acid and base that makes up that salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More than 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It makes it brown.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is neutral with a pH of 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium salts and chloride salts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rock salt is found in solid deposits and is mined like coal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi March.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is formed from a strong base and a weak acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use distilled water and check for dissolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine and hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chlor-alkali process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaOCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dry slaked lime</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Near the cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ca(OH)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chlor-alkali process involves passing electricity through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine), producing sodium hydroxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main products are sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleaching powder is produced by the reaction of chlorine gas with dry slaked lime (Ca(OH)2).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The term 'alkali' refers to sodium hydroxide, which is one of the main products formed during the electrolysis of sodium chloride.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electricity is used to decompose the sodium chloride solution into its components, leading to the formation of sodium hydroxide, chlorine, and hydrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode when brine is electrolyzed, as sodium ions gain electrons and combine with hydroxide ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine is widely used for water disinfection and the production of various chemicals, including bleaching agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydroxide is essential for making soap, cleaning products, and draining cleaners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chlor-alkali process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine gas and hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaOCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aqueous solution, brine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydroxide, chlorine gas, and hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride (common salt).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The anode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium hydroxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cathode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To manufacture bleaching powder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common salt (sodium chloride).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaOCl2. It is produced by the reaction of dry slaked lime [Ca(OH)2] and chlorine gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chlorine gas is released at the anode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ca(OH)2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electrolysis (or chlor-alkali process)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is named for the products: 'chlor' for chlorine and 'alkali' for sodium hydroxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It makes drinking water free from germs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide (CO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It neutralizes excess stomach acid due to its alkaline nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda, or Na2CO3.10H2O.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and sodium salt of the acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is used in laundry for cleaning clothes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposition reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It causes bread or cake to rise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium chloride (NaCl), water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) is the chemical formula for baking soda.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking soda releases carbon dioxide gas when heated, which causes bread and cakes to rise, making them soft and spongy. The reaction is: 2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking soda is basic because it releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. This basic nature helps neutralize excess stomach acid, providing relief from indigestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking soda is produced using a reaction involving sodium chloride (NaCl), water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3). The reaction is: NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3 → NH4Cl + NaHCO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda has the chemical formula Na2CO3·10H2O. It is obtained by recrystallisation of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking powder is a mixture of baking soda and a mild acidic compound like tartaric acid. When mixed with water, baking soda reacts with the acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, leading to the rising of baked goods. The reaction is: NaHCO3 + H+ → CO2 + H2O + sodium salt of acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both washing soda (Na2CO3·10H2O) and baking soda (NaHCO3) contain sodium and carbonate ions. Washing soda is a hydrated form of sodium carbonate, while baking soda is a sodium bicarbonate compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both are basic salts, which makes them useful for various cleaning and neutralizing purposes. Washing soda is a stronger base and is commonly used for laundry and cleaning, while baking soda is a milder base found in other baking and cleaning applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking soda is used in soda-acid fire extinguishers. It releases carbon dioxide gas when reacting with an acid, creating pressure to expel the extinguishing agent. Baking soda also acts as a basic agent to neutralize the burning fuel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydrogencarbonate (baking soda) is a mild base, meaning it can neutralize excess stomach acid while not being too harsh on the digestive system. Its basic nature helps relieve symptoms of heartburn or indigestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chemical name of baking soda is sodium hydrogencarbonate (NaHCO3) and it is primarily used for making baked goods rise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When heated, baking soda decomposes into sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydrogencarbonate neutralizes excess stomach acid due to its alkaline nature, providing relief from indigestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking powder is a mixture of baking soda and a mild edible acid, which produces carbon dioxide when moistened or heated, causing dough to rise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleaching powder is used to make drinking water free from germs as it acts as an oxidizing agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda (Na2CO3·10H2O) can be obtained by heating baking soda and then recrystallizing sodium carbonate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda is commonly used as a cleaning agent in laundry for its effectiveness in removing stains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide produced from the reaction of sodium hydrogencarbonate causes dough to rise, making baked goods light and fluffy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heating sodium hydrogencarbonate results in its decomposition into different substances, indicating a chemical change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium hydrogencarbonate's mild basic properties allow it to effectively neutralize acids, thus balancing pH levels in various applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><code>10H2O</code> indicates that there are 10 water molecules of hydration associated with each formula unit of the salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yes, it indicates that sodium carbonate is a hydrated salt, retaining moisture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate is used in the glass industry and as a cleaning agent for domestic purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Copper sulfate crystals turn white when heated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The blue color of copper sulfate is restored when water is added to the heated sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chemical formula for hydrated copper sulfate is <code>CuSO4·5H2O</code>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The chemical formula for gypsum is <code>CaSO4·2H2O</code>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heating removes the water of crystallization, causing the salt to lose its color or change form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water of crystallization refers to the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One use of sodium carbonate is in the manufacture of sodium compounds, such as borax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It signifies that the compound contains 10 water molecules as part of its structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heating copper sulfate turns it white as it loses its water of crystallization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is used in the glass industry and as a cleaning agent in domestic cleaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The blue color of copper sulfate is restored upon adding water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate is used for removing permanent hardness from water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It represents gypsum, which contains two water molecules as water of crystallization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being hydrated means sodium carbonate can exist as Na2CO3·10H2O, indicating it contains water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They lose water and turn from blue to white.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate is a key ingredient in making various sodium compounds, enhancing its industrial utility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water of crystallisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They turn white, because the water of crystallisation is removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glass, soap, and paper industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The water of crystallization is restored.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removing permanent hardness of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No, because the water molecules are chemically bonded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mass decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Borax</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaSO4.1/2H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It changes to gypsum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making toys or materials for decoration or making surfaces smooth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium hypochlorite</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen gas and a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide gas and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxide (OH-) ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H+ ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A salt, carbon dioxide, and water are formed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes gypsum, a hard solid mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium hypochlorite</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two formula units of CaSO4 share one molecule of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making toys and decorative materials, smoothing surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydroxide ions (OH⁻) are responsible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen gas (H₂).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decomposes into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide. $2NaHCO_3 \rightarrow Na_2CO_3 + H_2O + CO_2$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaSO4.1/2H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gypsum, CaSO4.2H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two formula units of CaSO4 share one molecule of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making toys and decoration materials, making surfaces smooth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bleaching powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium hydroxide, or slaked lime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water are formed. 2NaHCO3 -&gt; Na2CO3 + CO2 +H2O.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CaSO4.1/2H2O + 1 1/2 H2O -&gt; CaSO4.2H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>H+(aq) ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH value of a neutral solution is 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They neutralise each other to form salts and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A more acidic solution has a pH less than 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water of crystallisation refers to the fixed number of water molecules in one formula unit of a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distilled water lacks dissolved ions, which are present in rain water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mixing concentrated acids or bases with water is a highly exothermic process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH value of that solution is likely above 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gas produced is carbon dioxide (CO₂).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antacids are used to treat indigestion by neutralising stomach acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water of crystallization is a fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Base</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>16 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antacid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcohols do not release hydrogen ions in solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pH of 2 indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions ($H^+$) compared to a pH of 5. The lower the pH, the more acidic, and the stronger the acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No, a neutral solution contains equal concentrations of hydrogen ($H^+$) and hydroxide ($OH^-$) ions. Therefore, neither is absent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A salt and water are the products of a general neutralization reaction between an acid and a base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water of crystallization refers to the fixed number of water molecules chemically bound within the crystal structure of a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mixing process is exothermic, releasing energy as heat due to the bond formation between water molecules and the ionized acid molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This indicates a base. Bases turn red litmus paper blue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>16 mL of 1M HCl solution is needed. Doubling the volume of NaOH will require a proportional increase in HCl to neutralize.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes and biomolecules crucial for metabolic activities function effectively within a specific pH range. Outside this range, their efficacy can be diminished or lost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You could test for reaction with a carbonate (e.g. eggshell). An acid will react with the carbonate to produce carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), which can be tested for.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acidity depends on the compound releasing hydrogen ions ($H^+$) in solution. Compounds like alcohols and glucose contain hydrogen but do not ionize to release hydrogen ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acids need water to dissociate into ions, releasing H+ ions which are responsible for acidic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It's neutral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solution with a pH of 11.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solution with a pH of 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fizzing will be more vigorous in hydrochloric acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH will decrease as the milk becomes more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase the pH or make it slightly alkaline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alkaline pH slows down bacterial activity and lactic acid formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It will hydrate and harden causing it to set in the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reaction between an acid and a base, producing salt and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acids require water to dissociate into ions, which are responsible for their acidic properties. Without water, this dissociation cannot happen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solution E, with a pH of 9, is weakly alkaline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The order from least to greatest hydrogen ion concentration is C, E, D, A, B.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fizzing will occur more vigorously in the test tube with hydrochloric acid (HCl).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH will decrease as the milk turns into curd, becoming more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baking soda is a base, and adding it to fresh milk increases the concentration of hydroxide ions, shifting the pH to the alkaline side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The added baking soda neutralizes some of the lactic acid as it forms, which slows the curdling process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plaster of Paris absorbs moisture and sets into a hard mass. Storing it in a moisture-proof container prevents this.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. An example is the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda is used for softening hard water and baking soda is used as a leavening agent in baking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acids require water to dissociate into hydrogen ions, which are responsible for their acidic properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The neutral solution is D with a pH of 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Test tube A with hydrochloric acid will have more vigorous fizzing because HCl is a strong acid and reacts more readily with magnesium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH of the milk decreases, becoming more acidic as lactic acid is produced during fermentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He adds baking soda to shift the pH of the milk to slightly alkaline, reducing acidity to delay curd formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plaster of Paris reacts with water to form gypsum, so it should be stored away from moisture to prevent undesired setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to form salt and water; examples include HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O and CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing soda is used for cleaning and in glass production, while baking soda is used for baking and as an antacid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH decreases, indicating that the solution becomes more acidic as the concentration of hydrogen ions increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural indicators like beetroot extract change color in response to the acidic or alkaline nature of a solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers