Acids and Bases in the Laboratory

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Questions and Answers

______ indicators change color to show if a substance is acidic or basic.

Acid-base

The acids provided include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), and ______ acid (HNO3).

nitric

______ indicators are substances whose odor changes in acidic or basic media.

Olfactory

Litmus paper turns ______ in acidic solutions.

red Signup and view all the answers

Sodium hydroxide (______) is a common base.

NaOH Signup and view all the answers

______ orange is an indicator used to test for acids and bases.

Methyl Signup and view all the answers

Acetic acid has the chemical formula ______.

CH3COOH Signup and view all the answers

______ hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] is a base.

Calcium Signup and view all the answers

When testing solutions, a drop of each solution is placed on a ______.

watch-glass Signup and view all the answers

Ammonium hydroxide has the formula ______.

NH4OH Signup and view all the answers

In the lab, acids and bases can be identified using indicators which change ______ in response to the substance's properties.

color Signup and view all the answers

If you have only red litmus paper, you can identify an acidic solution because it will ______ the red litmus paper.

remain Signup and view all the answers

To identify a base using only red litmus paper, the base will ______ the red litmus paper.

turn blue Signup and view all the answers

When testing solutions, a drop of each is placed on a ______ before adding indicators.

watch-glass Signup and view all the answers

An acidic solution will ______ blue litmus paper, but a basic solution will turn red litmus paper blue.

turn red Signup and view all the answers

The provided solutions in the lab include both strong acids like hydrochloric acid ($HCl$) and weak acids like ______

acetic acid Signup and view all the answers

In addition to acids, the lab provides strong bases like sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) and weaker bases like ______.

ammonium hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

Using cloth strips soaked with chopped onions to indicate acids and bases makes use of ______ indicators.

olfactory Signup and view all the answers

To properly use olfactory indicators, the bag with onions and cloth strips needs to sit ______ in the fridge.

overnight Signup and view all the answers

The change in ______ is how indicators show whether a substance is acidic or basic.

color Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] indicators are substances that exhibit a change in odour when exposed to acidic or basic media.

Olfactory Signup and view all the answers

When testing solutions with litmus paper, acids cause blue litmus to turn ______.

red Signup and view all the answers

In an experiment, if red litmus paper remains red upon contact with a solution, it indicates that the solution is either acidic or ______.

neutral Signup and view all the answers

To distinguish between distilled water, an acidic solution, and a basic solution using only red litmus paper, you would first identify the ______ solution, which turns red litmus blue.

basic Signup and view all the answers

After identifying the basic solution, one can identify the acidic solution by using the now-blue litmus paper and observing which solution turns it ______.

red Signup and view all the answers

Phenolphthalein remains ______ in acidic solutions but turns pink in basic solutions, providing a distinct visual indicator.

colorless Signup and view all the answers

Methyl orange turns ______ in acidic solutions and yellow in basic solutions, offering another method for differentiating between acids and bases.

red Signup and view all the answers

When testing with olfactory indicators, a strong onion smell might be masked or altered in the presence of a ______ due to chemical reactions.

base Signup and view all the answers

The characteristic reaction of acids with litmus paper is due to the presence of ______ ions, which are responsible for their acidic properties.

hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

When using only red litmus paper to differentiate between distilled water, an acidic solution, and a basic solution, the basic solution is identified by its ability to turn the red litmus paper ______, after which the solution that does not alter the blue litmus paper formed is identified as distilled water.

blue Signup and view all the answers

Acetic acid, represented by the chemical formula `CH3COOH`, exhibits its acidic properties due to the presence of a ______ that can be donated to a base in a chemical reaction.

proton Signup and view all the answers

The utility of olfactory indicators, such as finely chopped onions, in identifying acidic or basic media relies on the change in their ______ when exposed to these substances.

odour Signup and view all the answers

In the context of acid-base chemistry, phenolphthalein serves as an indicator that transitions from colorless to ______ in the presence of a base, signaling a pH shift above its characteristic range.

pink Signup and view all the answers

Methyl orange exhibits its color change within a specific pH range, transitioning from red in acidic conditions to ______ in alkaline conditions, thereby indicating the acidity or basicity of a solution.

yellow Signup and view all the answers

When hydrochloric acid (`HCl`) reacts with sodium hydroxide (`NaOH`), the resulting products are sodium chloride (`NaCl`) and water (`H2O`), illustrating a classic ______ reaction.

neutralization Signup and view all the answers

The strength of an acid or a base, quantified by its dissociation constant, determines its ability to ______ ions in solution, influencing its reactivity and impact on pH levels.

donate Signup and view all the answers

Ammonium hydroxide (`NH4OH`), a weak base, only partially ionizes in water to form ammonium ions (`NH4+`) and hydroxide ions (`OH-`), leading to a ______ pH compared to strong bases.

lower Signup and view all the answers

Calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime, has the chemical formula ______.

<code>Ca(OH)2</code> Signup and view all the answers

Sulphuric acid (`H2SO4`), known for its corrosive nature and extensive industrial applications, is a ______ acid that readily donates protons in chemical reactions.

strong Signup and view all the answers

If provided with only red litmus paper, one can identify an acidic solution because it will ______ the red litmus paper.

remain red Signup and view all the answers

Substances whose odor changes in acidic or basic media are called ______ indicators.

olfactory Signup and view all the answers

The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is ______.

H2SO4 Signup and view all the answers

A base will turn red litmus paper ______.

blue Signup and view all the answers

The chemical name for $CH_3COOH$ is ______ acid.

acetic Signup and view all the answers

When testing solutions with phenolphthalein, a ______ color indicates a basic solution.

pink Signup and view all the answers

Distilled water is considered ______ and will not change the color of either red or blue litmus paper.

neutral Signup and view all the answers

Methyl orange turns ______ in acidic solutions.

red Signup and view all the answers

Ammonium hydroxide, represented by the chemical formula $NH_4OH$, is classified as a weak ______.

base Signup and view all the answers

To enhance the sensitivity of olfactory indicators like chopped onions, one might consider using a ______ environment to minimize interference from ambient odors. This is an insanely difficult question!

controlled Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Litmus Test

A method to identify acidic or basic solutions using litmus paper.

Red Litmus Paper

Indicator that turns blue in basic solutions and stays red in acids.