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Questions and Answers
Acids contain H+ ion as a ______.
Acids contain H+ ion as a ______.
cation
The electric current is carried through the acidic solution by ______.
The electric current is carried through the acidic solution by ______.
ions
Acids produce hydrogen ______, H+(aq), in solution.
Acids produce hydrogen ______, H+(aq), in solution.
ions
Hydrogen ions cannot exist alone, but combine with water molecules to form ______ ions.
Hydrogen ions cannot exist alone, but combine with water molecules to form ______ ions.
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The glowing of the bulb indicates the flow of electric ______ through the solution.
The glowing of the bulb indicates the flow of electric ______ through the solution.
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The separation of H+ ion from HCl molecules cannot occur in the absence of ______.
The separation of H+ ion from HCl molecules cannot occur in the absence of ______.
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Alkalis, such as sodium hydroxide, are also known as ______.
Alkalis, such as sodium hydroxide, are also known as ______.
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When a base is dissolved in water, it releases ______ ions.
When a base is dissolved in water, it releases ______ ions.
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The formula H3O+ represents the ______ ion.
The formula H3O+ represents the ______ ion.
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Solid NaCl plus concentrated sulphuric acid produces ______ gas.
Solid NaCl plus concentrated sulphuric acid produces ______ gas.
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The glowing of the bulb in an acidic solution indicates the flow of electric current carried by ______.
The glowing of the bulb in an acidic solution indicates the flow of electric current carried by ______.
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Acids contain H+ ion as ______ and an anion such as $Cl^-$ in HCl.
Acids contain H+ ion as ______ and an anion such as $Cl^-$ in HCl.
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The presence of H+ ions in solution is responsible for the ______ properties of acids.
The presence of H+ ions in solution is responsible for the ______ properties of acids.
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Hydrogen ions ($H^+$) do not exist alone but combine with water molecules to form ______ ions ($H_3O^+$).
Hydrogen ions ($H^+$) do not exist alone but combine with water molecules to form ______ ions ($H_3O^+$).
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When a base like NaOH is dissolved in water, it produces sodium ions ($Na^+$) and ______ ions ($OH^-$).
When a base like NaOH is dissolved in water, it produces sodium ions ($Na^+$) and ______ ions ($OH^-$).
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The experiment with NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates the production of dry ______ gas.
The experiment with NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates the production of dry ______ gas.
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To dry HCl gas produced in a humid climate, it must be passed through a guard tube containing ______.
To dry HCl gas produced in a humid climate, it must be passed through a guard tube containing ______.
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Acids produce ______ ions only in aqueous solution.
Acids produce ______ ions only in aqueous solution.
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The experiment using litmus paper confirms the ______ character of HCl solution.
The experiment using litmus paper confirms the ______ character of HCl solution.
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The flow of electric current through an acidic solution is facilitated by ______.
The flow of electric current through an acidic solution is facilitated by ______.
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Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 contain the ______ ion as a cation.
Acids such as HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 contain the ______ ion as a cation.
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The property that acids produce hydrogen ions, H+(aq), in solution is directly responsible for their ______ properties.
The property that acids produce hydrogen ions, H+(aq), in solution is directly responsible for their ______ properties.
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According to Activity 2.9, the acidic character of HCl is only evident in the presence of ______.
According to Activity 2.9, the acidic character of HCl is only evident in the presence of ______.
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The separation of H+ ions from HCl molecules is a process that cannot occur in the absence of ______.
The separation of H+ ions from HCl molecules is a process that cannot occur in the absence of ______.
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Hydrogen ions do not exist alone in solution; they combine with water molecules to form ______ ions.
Hydrogen ions do not exist alone in solution; they combine with water molecules to form ______ ions.
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The chemical formula H3O+ represents the ______ ion, which is key to understanding acid behavior in water.
The chemical formula H3O+ represents the ______ ion, which is key to understanding acid behavior in water.
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When a base is dissolved in water, it results in the formation of $Na^+(aq)$ and ______
When a base is dissolved in water, it results in the formation of $Na^+(aq)$ and ______
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The chemical equation $HCl + H_2O \rightarrow H_3O^+ + Cl^-$ illustrates the formation of ______ and chloride ions when hydrochloric acid is added to water.
The chemical equation $HCl + H_2O \rightarrow H_3O^+ + Cl^-$ illustrates the formation of ______ and chloride ions when hydrochloric acid is added to water.
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The acidity of a solution is directly related to the concentration of ______ ions present in the solution.
The acidity of a solution is directly related to the concentration of ______ ions present in the solution.
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The experiment involving solid NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates that the generation of hydrogen ions from HCl is contingent upon the presence of ______, leading to the formation of hydronium ions.
The experiment involving solid NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates that the generation of hydrogen ions from HCl is contingent upon the presence of ______, leading to the formation of hydronium ions.
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In aqueous solutions, acids facilitate electrical conductivity due to the presence of mobile ______ that act as charge carriers, enabling the flow of electric current.
In aqueous solutions, acids facilitate electrical conductivity due to the presence of mobile ______ that act as charge carriers, enabling the flow of electric current.
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While acids like HCl, $HNO_3$, $H_2SO_4$, and $CH_3COOH$ share the common characteristic of producing hydrogen ions ($H^+$) in solution, their distinct acidic properties arise from the unique ______ they contribute upon dissociation in water.
While acids like HCl, $HNO_3$, $H_2SO_4$, and $CH_3COOH$ share the common characteristic of producing hydrogen ions ($H^+$) in solution, their distinct acidic properties arise from the unique ______ they contribute upon dissociation in water.
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The observation that glucose and alcohol solutions do not conduct electricity, unlike acidic solutions, underscores the absence of substantial ______ in these organic compounds when dissolved in water.
The observation that glucose and alcohol solutions do not conduct electricity, unlike acidic solutions, underscores the absence of substantial ______ in these organic compounds when dissolved in water.
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The acidic properties of substances are directly correlated with the concentration of ______ in aqueous solution, which is often expressed in terms of pH.
The acidic properties of substances are directly correlated with the concentration of ______ in aqueous solution, which is often expressed in terms of pH.
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The equation $HCl + H_2O \rightarrow H_3O^+ + Cl^-$ represents the ______ of hydrochloric acid in water, wherein $HCl$ donates a proton to water, forming hydronium and chloride ions.
The equation $HCl + H_2O \rightarrow H_3O^+ + Cl^-$ represents the ______ of hydrochloric acid in water, wherein $HCl$ donates a proton to water, forming hydronium and chloride ions.
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The practice of passing a gas through a guard tube containing calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$) serves the critical function of ______ the gas, preventing atmospheric moisture from interfering with experimental results, especially in humid climates.
The practice of passing a gas through a guard tube containing calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$) serves the critical function of ______ the gas, preventing atmospheric moisture from interfering with experimental results, especially in humid climates.
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In the context of acid-base chemistry, the term '______' precisely refers to the $H_3O^+$ ion, emphasizing that a bare proton ($H^+$) does not exist freely in aqueous solution but is always associated with at least one water molecule.
In the context of acid-base chemistry, the term '______' precisely refers to the $H_3O^+$ ion, emphasizing that a bare proton ($H^+$) does not exist freely in aqueous solution but is always associated with at least one water molecule.
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The conductivity of acid solutions is attributed to the mobility of ______, whereas in solid NaCl, ions are immobile, preventing electrical conduction unless dissolved in water.
The conductivity of acid solutions is attributed to the mobility of ______, whereas in solid NaCl, ions are immobile, preventing electrical conduction unless dissolved in water.
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The general equation $NaOH(s) + H_2O \rightarrow Na^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)$ illustrates the ______ of sodium hydroxide in water, a process that yields hydroxide ions, conferring alkaline properties to the resulting solution.
The general equation $NaOH(s) + H_2O \rightarrow Na^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)$ illustrates the ______ of sodium hydroxide in water, a process that yields hydroxide ions, conferring alkaline properties to the resulting solution.
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Acids contain ______ ion as cation.
Acids contain ______ ion as cation.
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Hydrogen ions cannot exist alone, but they exist after combining with ______ molecules.
Hydrogen ions cannot exist alone, but they exist after combining with ______ molecules.
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The glowing of the bulb indicates the flow of ______ through the solution.
The glowing of the bulb indicates the flow of ______ through the solution.
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Hydrogen ions must always be shown as H+(aq) or ______ ion (H3O+).
Hydrogen ions must always be shown as H+(aq) or ______ ion (H3O+).
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In the reaction, NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH–(aq), NaOH acts as a ______.
In the reaction, NaOH(s) → Na+(aq) + OH–(aq), NaOH acts as a ______.
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To dry the gas produced in Activity 2.9, it must pass through a guard tube containing ______.
To dry the gas produced in Activity 2.9, it must pass through a guard tube containing ______.
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The experiment with solid NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates the production of dry ______ gas.
The experiment with solid NaCl and concentrated sulfuric acid demonstrates the production of dry ______ gas.
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The change in litmus paper color when exposed to HCl gas only in the presence of moisture illustrates the necessity of ______ for acidic behavior.
The change in litmus paper color when exposed to HCl gas only in the presence of moisture illustrates the necessity of ______ for acidic behavior.
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Flashcards
Glowing Bulb
Glowing Bulb
Indicates the flow of electric current through a solution, implying conductivity.
Conductivity of Solutions
Conductivity of Solutions
Acids conduct electricity due to the presence of ions in solution.
Hydrogen Ion (H+)
Hydrogen Ion (H+)
The cation produced by acids in aqueous solutions responsible for acidic properties.
Acidic Properties
Acidic Properties
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Ion Production in Water
Ion Production in Water
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Hydronium Ion (H3O+)
Hydronium Ion (H3O+)
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Base Dissolution in Water
Base Dissolution in Water
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Reaction of HCl in Water
Reaction of HCl in Water
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Effect of Water on Ion Separation
Effect of Water on Ion Separation
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Experiment with NaCl and H2SO4
Experiment with NaCl and H2SO4
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Acidic Solutions
Acidic Solutions
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Ions in Acids
Ions in Acids
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Hydrogen Ions in Water
Hydrogen Ions in Water
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Testing with Litmus Paper
Testing with Litmus Paper
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Dissociation of HCl
Dissociation of HCl
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Acid-Base Reaction
Acid-Base Reaction
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NaOH in Water
NaOH in Water
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Gas Observation in Reactions
Gas Observation in Reactions
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Experimenting with NaCl and Acid
Experimenting with NaCl and Acid
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Glucose and Alcohol Solutions
Glucose and Alcohol Solutions
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Acids in Solution
Acids in Solution
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Acids as Ions
Acids as Ions
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Preparation of HCl Gas
Preparation of HCl Gas
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Hydrogen Ion Release
Hydrogen Ion Release
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Dissociation Equation
Dissociation Equation
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Presence of Water
Presence of Water
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Base Ion Production
Base Ion Production
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NaOH Dissolving
NaOH Dissolving
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Litmus Testing
Litmus Testing
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Acid Characteristics
Acid Characteristics
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Ionization of Acids
Ionization of Acids
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Cation from Acids
Cation from Acids
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Role of Water in Acids
Role of Water in Acids
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Testing Gas Acidity
Testing Gas Acidity
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NaOH Behavior in Water
NaOH Behavior in Water
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Comparison of Conductivity
Comparison of Conductivity
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Existence of H+ Ions
Existence of H+ Ions
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Litmus Paper Color Change
Litmus Paper Color Change
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Acid and Base Reaction Gas
Acid and Base Reaction Gas
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Conductivity in Acids
Conductivity in Acids
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Cation in Acids
Cation in Acids
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H+ Ion in Water
H+ Ion in Water
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Base Ion Production in Water
Base Ion Production in Water
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Gas Testing with Litmus Paper
Gas Testing with Litmus Paper
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Study Notes
Acids and Bases in Solution
- Acids produce hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water.
- Acids conduct electricity in solution due to the presence of ions.
- Substances like glucose and alcohol do not conduct electricity when dissolved.
- Acids contain H⁺ as a cation and anions such as Cl⁻ in HCl or NO₃⁻ in HNO₃. Some acids contain SO₄⁻² in H₂SO₄ or CH₃COO⁻ in CH₃COOH.
- Acids react with water to produce H⁺ ions.
- Acids produce hydrogen ions only in aqueous solutions. The presence of water is essential for the separation of hydrogen ions. Without water, hydrogen ions are not produced.
- Dry HCl gas does not change the color of litmus paper, demonstrating lack of acidic properties as H⁺ ions are not formed.
- HCl solution does change the color of litmus paper, indicating the presence of H⁺ ions.
- Hydrogen ions cannot exist independently, but combine with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H₃O⁺ or H⁺(aq)).
- The presence of H⁺ ions or hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) is a characteristic of acids in solution.
- HCl gas, when produced and then dried, doesn't exhibit acidic properties. This is due to the lack of water in the gas and therefore the absence of hydrogen ions.
- When HCl is in the presence of water, hydrogen ions (H⁺) separate, combining with water in solution to form hydronium ions (H₃O⁺). This reaction is represented as HCl + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻
Activity 2.9
- To demonstrate how acids produce H⁺ ions when dissolved in water, solid NaCl was used in a test tube with concentrated sulfuric acid, and the apparatus was set up as shown in figure 2.4.
- The resulting HCl gas was tested successively with dry and wet litmus papers.
- Dry litmus paper did not change color, while wet litmus paper changed color, demonstrating that dry HCl does not exhibit acidic properties.
- This experiment demonstrates that dry HCl gas does not exhibit acidic properties, while the solution does due to the formation of H⁺ ions in the presence of water which can exist as H₃O⁺ in solution.
- When HCl is dissolved in water, hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) are formed. The reaction is HCl + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻.
- The experiment uses concentrated sulfuric acid to produce hydrochloric acid gas (HCl).
- The HCl gas produced is passed through a drying tube to remove water before testing the effect on litmus paper.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of acids and bases in aqueous solutions. It highlights the behavior of acids, their ionization in water, and the role of hydrogen ions. Understand how different substances interact with acids and the implications of these reactions.
