Gr 11 Physical Sciences: Ch 11 Sum Types of reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of balancing redox reactions?

  • To ensure the number of electrons lost in oxidation equals the number of electrons gained in reduction (correct)
  • To identify the type of reaction
  • To identify the reactants and products
  • To determine the rate of the reaction

    • In which step of balancing redox reactions do you add water molecules?

  • Step 1: Write the Half-Reactions
  • Step 2: Balance Atoms in Each Half-Reaction
  • Step 3: Balance Oxygen Atoms (correct)
  • Step 6: Equalize the Number of Electrons

    • What is the role of H+ ions in balancing redox reactions in acidic medium?

  • To balance oxygen atoms
  • To balance charges
  • To balance electrons
  • To balance hydrogen atoms (correct)

    • What is the term for the process of burning fuels, which involves redox reactions?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of OH- ions in balancing redox reactions in basic medium?

    <p>To balance hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of oxidation in a redox reaction?

    <p>Increase in oxidation number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which step of balancing redox reactions do you balance the charges?

    <p>Step 5: Balance the Charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of rusting of iron, which involves redox reactions?

    <p>Corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between an acid and a base known as?

    <p>Neutralization reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of acids according to the Arrhenius definition?

    <p>They increase the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an amphoteric substance?

    <p>Water (H2O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide?

    <p>A salt and water are formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that can donate or accept protons?

    <p>Amphiprotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of oxidation in a redox reaction?

    <p>The loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds?

    <p>-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a polyprotic acid?

    <p>Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

    <p>To track electron transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton?

    <p>Conjugate acid-base pair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the oxidation state of a substance when it is reduced?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is an acid?

    <p>A proton donor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sum of oxidation numbers for all atoms in a neutral molecule?

    <p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an acid?

    <p>Soapy feel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

    <p>A neutralization reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which an acid donates a proton and becomes a base?

    <p>Protonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of fluorine in its compounds?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you determine the oxidation number of an atom in a compound?

    <p>Assign known values and solve for the unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which step of balancing redox reactions do you balance atoms except for hydrogen and oxygen?

    <p>Step 2: Balance Atoms in Each Half-Reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding electrons to one side of each half-reaction in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>To balance the charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction in a biological process?

    <p>Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which medium do you use OH- ions to balance hydrogen atoms?

    <p>Basic medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of combining the half-reactions in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>The overall redox reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>Determine the Oxidation Numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where electron transfer occurs through an external circuit?

    <p>Electrochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>Verify the Balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is an example of an acid and a base?

    <p>Water (H2O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an acid that can donate more than one proton?

    <p>Polyprotic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of bases according to the Arrhenius definition?

    <p>Increase the concentration of OH− ions in solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of an acid according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition?

    <p>Proton donors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that can act as both an acid and a base?

    <p>Amphoteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a conjugate acid-base pair?

    <p>H2SO4 and SO42-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of an acid according to the early definition?

    <p>Sour taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a base according to the early definition?

    <p>Soapy feel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

    <p>2yH+(aq) + MxOy(aq) → yH2O(l) + xMn+(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a substance is oxidized in a redox reaction?

    <p>It loses electrons and increases its oxidation state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of hydrogen in most compounds?

    <p>+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

    <p>To track electron transfer and identify oxidation and reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide?

    <p>nH+(aq) + M(OH)n(aq) → nH2O(l) + Mn+(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sum of oxidation numbers for all atoms in a polyatomic ion?

    <p>The charge of the ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of redox reactions?

    <p>They involve the transfer of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a substance is reduced in a redox reaction?

    <p>It gains electrons and decreases its oxidation state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

    <p>2H+(aq) + MCO3(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g) + M2+(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about Arrhenius definition?

    <p>Acids increase the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about amphoteric substances?

    <p>They can act as both acids and bases, depending on the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of acid that can donate more than one proton?

    <p>Polyprotic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton?

    <p>Conjugate acid-base pair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an amphiprotic substance?

    <p>Water (H2O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is a base?

    <p>A substance that accepts a proton.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of acids according to the early definition?

    <p>Sour taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an amphoteric substance?

    <p>Can only act as a strong acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of balancing the atoms in each half-reaction?

    <p>To balance the number of atoms of each element in the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which step of balancing redox reactions do you add electrons to one side of each half-reaction?

    <p>Step 5: Balance the Charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between balancing redox reactions in acidic and basic media?

    <p>The way hydrogen and oxygen atoms are balanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of water molecules in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>To balance oxygen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following biological processes involves redox reactions?

    <p>Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of multiplying the half-reactions by coefficients in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>To equalize the number of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of combining the half-reactions in balancing redox reactions?

    <p>A balanced overall reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an electrochemical process?

    <p>Electroplating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between acid-base reactions and redox reactions?

    <p>The change in oxidation state of the reacting species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a redox reaction?

    <p>The involvement of acid-base chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

    <p>To track the transfer of electrons between reacting species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction involving the oxidation of a metal?

    <p>The reaction between copper and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

    <p>2H+ (aq) + MCO3 (aq) → H2O (l) + CO2 (g) + M^2+ (aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of oxidation in a redox reaction?

    <p>The loss of electrons by a reacting species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of oxygen in a compound?

    <p>-2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction involving the reduction of a metal ion?

    <p>The reaction between copper(II) sulfate and zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using the rules for determining oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

    <p>To track the transfer of electrons between reacting species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of reduction in a redox reaction?

    <p>The gain of electrons by a reacting species</p> Signup and view all the answers

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