Gr 11 Physical Sciences: Ch 11 Sum Types of reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of balancing redox reactions?

  • To ensure the number of electrons lost in oxidation equals the number of electrons gained in reduction (correct)
  • To identify the type of reaction
  • To identify the reactants and products
  • To determine the rate of the reaction

In which step of balancing redox reactions do you add water molecules?

  • Step 1: Write the Half-Reactions
  • Step 2: Balance Atoms in Each Half-Reaction
  • Step 3: Balance Oxygen Atoms (correct)
  • Step 6: Equalize the Number of Electrons

What is the role of H+ ions in balancing redox reactions in acidic medium?

  • To balance oxygen atoms
  • To balance charges
  • To balance electrons
  • To balance hydrogen atoms (correct)

What is the term for the process of burning fuels, which involves redox reactions?

<p>Combustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of OH- ions in balancing redox reactions in basic medium?

<p>To balance hydrogen atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of oxidation in a redox reaction?

<p>Increase in oxidation number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which step of balancing redox reactions do you balance the charges?

<p>Step 5: Balance the Charges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of rusting of iron, which involves redox reactions?

<p>Corrosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between an acid and a base known as?

<p>Neutralization reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acids according to the Arrhenius definition?

<p>They increase the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an amphoteric substance?

<p>Water (H2O) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide?

<p>A salt and water are formed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that can donate or accept protons?

<p>Amphiprotic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of oxidation in a redox reaction?

<p>The loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in most compounds?

<p>-2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a polyprotic acid?

<p>Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

<p>To track electron transfer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton?

<p>Conjugate acid-base pair (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the oxidation state of a substance when it is reduced?

<p>It decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is an acid?

<p>A proton donor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of oxidation numbers for all atoms in a neutral molecule?

<p>Zero (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an acid?

<p>Soapy feel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

<p>A neutralization reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which an acid donates a proton and becomes a base?

<p>Protonation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of fluorine in its compounds?

<p>-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you determine the oxidation number of an atom in a compound?

<p>Assign known values and solve for the unknown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which step of balancing redox reactions do you balance atoms except for hydrogen and oxygen?

<p>Step 2: Balance Atoms in Each Half-Reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding electrons to one side of each half-reaction in balancing redox reactions?

<p>To balance the charges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction in a biological process?

<p>Respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medium do you use OH- ions to balance hydrogen atoms?

<p>Basic medium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of combining the half-reactions in balancing redox reactions?

<p>The overall redox reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in balancing redox reactions?

<p>Determine the Oxidation Numbers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process where electron transfer occurs through an external circuit?

<p>Electrochemistry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in balancing redox reactions?

<p>Verify the Balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is an example of an acid and a base?

<p>Water (H2O) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an acid that can donate more than one proton?

<p>Polyprotic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bases according to the Arrhenius definition?

<p>Increase the concentration of OH− ions in solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of an acid according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition?

<p>Proton donors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that can act as both an acid and a base?

<p>Amphoteric (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a conjugate acid-base pair?

<p>H2SO4 and SO42- (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an acid according to the early definition?

<p>Sour taste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a base according to the early definition?

<p>Soapy feel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

<p>2yH+(aq) + MxOy(aq) → yH2O(l) + xMn+(aq) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a substance is oxidized in a redox reaction?

<p>It loses electrons and increases its oxidation state (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen in most compounds?

<p>+1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

<p>To track electron transfer and identify oxidation and reduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide?

<p>nH+(aq) + M(OH)n(aq) → nH2O(l) + Mn+(aq) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of oxidation numbers for all atoms in a polyatomic ion?

<p>The charge of the ion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of redox reactions?

<p>They involve the transfer of electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?

<p>-1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a substance is reduced in a redox reaction?

<p>It gains electrons and decreases its oxidation state (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

<p>2H+(aq) + MCO3(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g) + M2+(aq) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about Arrhenius definition?

<p>Acids increase the concentration of H3O+ ions in solution. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about amphoteric substances?

<p>They can act as both acids and bases, depending on the reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of acid that can donate more than one proton?

<p>Polyprotic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton?

<p>Conjugate acid-base pair (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an amphiprotic substance?

<p>Water (H2O) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is a base?

<p>A substance that accepts a proton. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acids according to the early definition?

<p>Sour taste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an amphoteric substance?

<p>Can only act as a strong acid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of balancing the atoms in each half-reaction?

<p>To balance the number of atoms of each element in the reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which step of balancing redox reactions do you add electrons to one side of each half-reaction?

<p>Step 5: Balance the Charges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between balancing redox reactions in acidic and basic media?

<p>The way hydrogen and oxygen atoms are balanced (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water molecules in balancing redox reactions?

<p>To balance oxygen atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biological processes involves redox reactions?

<p>Respiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of multiplying the half-reactions by coefficients in balancing redox reactions?

<p>To equalize the number of electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of combining the half-reactions in balancing redox reactions?

<p>A balanced overall reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an electrochemical process?

<p>Electroplating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between acid-base reactions and redox reactions?

<p>The change in oxidation state of the reacting species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a redox reaction?

<p>The involvement of acid-base chemistry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assigning oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

<p>To track the transfer of electrons between reacting species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction involving the oxidation of a metal?

<p>The reaction between copper and oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

<p>2H+ (aq) + MCO3 (aq) → H2O (l) + CO2 (g) + M^2+ (aq) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of oxidation in a redox reaction?

<p>The loss of electrons by a reacting species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in a compound?

<p>-2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction involving the reduction of a metal ion?

<p>The reaction between copper(II) sulfate and zinc (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the rules for determining oxidation numbers in redox reactions?

<p>To track the transfer of electrons between reacting species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of reduction in a redox reaction?

<p>The gain of electrons by a reacting species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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