Acid Catalysis and Alkoxides
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of catalysis can break the C-OH bond in alcohol?

  • Metal catalysis
  • Radical catalysis
  • Acid catalysis (correct)
  • Base catalysis

Why does acid catalysis have difficulty breaking the C-OH bond in phenols?

  • Due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the phenyl ring
  • Because phenols are stronger bases than alcohols
  • Because phenols are weaker acids than alcohols
  • Due to the resonance stabilization of the phenolate conjugate base (correct)

What is the reason behind the difficulty in converting alcohols to their alkoxides using sodium hydroxide?

  • Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols
  • Alcohols are stronger acids than phenols
  • Alkoxides are weaker bases than hydroxide
  • Alkoxides are stronger bases than hydroxide (correct)

What is the benefit of using a stronger base such as sodium hydride or potassium metal to convert aliphatic alcohols to their alkoxides?

<p>It allows for the formation of alkoxides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between t-butyl alcohol and potassium metal?

<p>Potassium t-butoxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of HCl in the preparation of pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC)?

<p>It is used to dissolve CrO3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the oxidizing agent [O] in the oxidation of primary alcohols?

<p>It oxidizes the alcohol to a carboxylic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols?

<p>Primary alcohols oxidize to carboxylic acids, while secondary alcohols oxidize to ketones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of H2SO4 in the dehydration of alcohols to alkenes?

<p>To act as a catalyst to increase the reaction rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using PCC as an oxidizing agent?

<p>To stop the oxidation at the aldehyde level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do tertiary alcohols not undergo oxidation reactions?

<p>Because they do not have a hydrogen atom on the carbonyl carbon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of heat in the dehydration of alcohols to alkenes?

<p>To provide energy for the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major product of the dehydration reaction of 3-methyl-2-butanol, according to Zaitsev's rule?

<p>The alkene with three alkyl groups on the double-bonded carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the dehydration reaction of alcohols to alkenes?

<p>Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following alcohols cannot undergo dehydrogenation to form a carbonyl compound?

<p>Tertiary alcohol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required as a catalyst in the hydration reaction to produce an alcohol?

<p>A trace of acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is the dehydration of alcohols?

<p>Elimination reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Pt, Pd, or Ni in the hydrogenation reaction?

<p>To act as a catalyst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the dehydration of alcohols?

<p>Production of an alkene and water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reverse reaction of the hydration reaction?

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the hydroxyl group named in a molecule with carboxylic acid, aldehyde, or ketone functionalities?

<p>As a substituent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the alcohol with the structure CH₃CH₂OH?

<p>t-butyl alcohol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the alcohol with the structure CHâ‚‚OHCHâ‚‚Cl?

<p>2-Chloroethanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the ring numbered in a cyclohexanol to minimize the number of carbon atoms with the –OH group?

<p>Counterclockwise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the alcohol with the structure CH₃CH₂CH₂OH?

<p>Propanol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intermolecular force is responsible for the high boiling points of alcohols?

<p>Hydrogen bonding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general formula for alcohols?

<p>R-OH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do alcohols have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight?

<p>Due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional group present in alcohols?

<p>Hydroxyl group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that influences the physical properties of alcohols?

<p>Polarity of the hydroxyl group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the solubility of alcohols in water?

<p>Because of hydrogen bonding between alcohol and water molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of boiling point and solubility in water as the molecular weight of alcohols increases in a homologous series?

<p>Boiling point increases, solubility in water decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of IUPAC nomenclature for alcohols?

<p>Longest chain containing the OH carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority of functional groups in IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols?

<p>OH group, multiple bonds, halogens, and then alkyl groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2CH2CH2CHCH2OH?

<p>2-Propyl-1-hexanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the parent compound determined in IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols?

<p>By identifying the longest chain containing the OH carbon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH2OH?

<p>Ethanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3CCH2CH2CH3OH?

<p>2-Methyl-2-pentanol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for numbering the parent chain in IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols?

<p>Number the chain from the right to the left (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound HOBrCH2CH2CH3?

<p>3-Bromo-2-pentanol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser