6 Questions
What is the general equation for an acid-base reaction?
Acid (H+ donor) + Base (OH- acceptor) → Salt + Water
What type of acid-base reaction would occur between a strong acid and a weak base?
Strong Acid-Weak Base Reaction
What is a characteristic of acid-base reactions?
Heat Evolution
What is formed as a result of an acid-base reaction?
A salt
What determines the pH of the solution in a weak acid-strong base reaction?
The strengths of the acid and base
What is an example of a strong acid?
HCl
Study Notes
Acid-Base Reactions
Neutralization Reactions
- A reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water
- General equation: Acid (H+ donor) + Base (OH- acceptor) → Salt + Water
- Example: HCl (acid) + NaOH (base) → NaCl (salt) + H2O (water)
Types of Acid-Base Reactions
-
Strong Acid-Strong Base Reaction: Complete neutralization, resulting in a neutral solution (pH 7)
- Example: HCl (strong acid) + NaOH (strong base) → NaCl + H2O
-
Strong Acid-Weak Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in an acidic solution
- Example: HCl (strong acid) + NH3 (weak base) → NH4Cl + H2O
-
Weak Acid-Strong Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in a basic solution
- Example: CH3COOH (weak acid) + NaOH (strong base) → CH3COONa + H2O
- Weak Acid-Weak Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in a solution with a pH dependent on the strengths of the acid and base
Characteristics of Acid-Base Reactions
- Heat Evolution: Acid-base reactions often release heat, indicating an exothermic process
- pH Change: The pH of the solution changes during the reaction, depending on the strengths of the acid and base
- Salt Formation: A salt is formed as a result of the reaction, which is often a white solid or a soluble compound
Acid-Base Reactions
- Neutralization reactions involve an acid and a base forming a salt and water
- General equation: Acid (H+ donor) + Base (OH- acceptor) → Salt + Water
Types of Acid-Base Reactions
- Strong Acid-Strong Base Reaction: Complete neutralization, resulting in a neutral solution (pH 7)
- Strong Acid-Strong Base Reaction example: HCl (strong acid) + NaOH (strong base) → NaCl + H2O
- Strong Acid-Weak Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in an acidic solution
- Strong Acid-Weak Base Reaction example: HCl (strong acid) + NH3 (weak base) → NH4Cl + H2O
- Weak Acid-Strong Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in a basic solution
- Weak Acid-Strong Base Reaction example: CH3COOH (weak acid) + NaOH (strong base) → CH3COONa + H2O
- Weak Acid-Weak Base Reaction: Partial neutralization, resulting in a solution with a pH dependent on the strengths of the acid and base
Characteristics of Acid-Base Reactions
- Heat Evolution: Acid-base reactions often release heat, indicating an exothermic process
- pH Change: The pH of the solution changes during the reaction, depending on the strengths of the acid and base
- Salt Formation: A salt is formed as a result of the reaction, which is often a white solid or a soluble compound
Explore the concept of acid-base reactions, including neutralization reactions and types of acid-base reactions, such as strong acid-strong base and strong acid-weak base reactions.
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